The 

Standard  Question  Book 

and 

Home  Study  Outlines 


The  Frontier  Press  Company 

Buffalo,  N.  Y. 
1922 


Copyright,  1914 

By  The  Frontier  Press  Company 

Copyright,  1918 

By  The  Frontier  Press  Company 

Copyright,  1922 

By  The  Frontier  Press  Company 
All  rights  reserved. 


**-  j  ^.-:  **:  „*«**-*   *  ,  ^*. 

«?J  *>*>  a1*    5   ^*  *  «      »*    **  «  *,  '   *  *„  4 


PREFACE 

The  days  of  the  cave  man  have  passed.  Physical  strength  alone 
no  longer  gives  prowess  to  the  individual.  "What  the  twentieth  century 
demands  is  the  trained  intellect.  The  man  who  knows  is  the  man  of 
the  hour. 

A  very  large  percentage  of  all  fundamental  knowledge  is  and  must 
be  gained  through  books.  They  are  the  storehouses  of  the  world's 
wisdom  from  which  we  all  must  draw;  but  of  the  making  of  books 
there  is  no  end.  More  than  ten  thousand  new  ones  make  their  appear- 
ance each  year.  As  this  process  continues  from  year  to  year,  the 
world's  wisdom  becomes  more  and  more  scattered.  In  every  book 
that  aims  to  be  instructive  there  are  some  things  of  value  while  in 
many  there  is  much  that  is  irrelevant. 

It  has- well  been  said  that,  if  all  the  book  knowledge  of  the  day 
could  be  sifted  through  a  fine  screen  and  only  the  best  things  pre- 
served, the  process  would  be  highly  beneficial  to  all  seekers  of  wisdom. 
It-  was  this  thought  that  prompted  the  building  of  The  Standard 
Dictionary  of  Facts.  This  practical  and  very  instructive  work  has 
now  been  on  the  market  for  several  years.  Its  contents  have  been 
greatly  improved  and  its  sale  has  greatly  increased  with  the  passing 
of  each  year.  The  American  people  have  already  invested  over  three 
million  dollars  in  the  purchase  of  this  single-volume  book  and  those 
intelligent  purchasers  are  enthusiastically  recommending  it  to  their 
friends. 

When  The  Standard  Dictionary  of  Facts  was  first  issued  it  was 
accompanied  by  a  small  book  of  questions  designed  to  call  attention 
to  the  great  mass  of  information  within  the  one  volume.  The  questions 
were  divided  into  chapters  corresponding  to  the  divisions  of  the  com- 
plete book.  There  was  no  attempt  at  further  classification.  In  each 
chapter  the  questions  were  miscellaneous.  The  little  question  book 
went  into  thousands  of  homes;  it  was  enthusiastically  received.  The 
publishers  were  surprised  by  the  demand  for  it  made  by  their  sales 
organization. 

Gradually  there  developed  in  the  minds  of  the  publishers  the  idea 
that  additional  material  with  careful  classification  would  render  such 
a  book  of  questions  more  useful  and  with  this  thought  in  view  the 
present  question  book  has  been  prepared. 

The  subject  matter  is  divided  into  fourteen  distinct  groups  embrac- 
ing approximately  seven  thousand  questions.  One  particular  feature 
is  noteworthy.  No  separate  department  of  biography  is  given.  Under 
the  subject  of  science,  for  example,  we  find  reference  to  Benjamin 
Franklin,  the  discoverer  of  electricity;  under  invention  reference  to 
Morse,  the  inventor  of  the  telegraph,  and  to  Edison,  the  inventor  of 


518028 


the  phonograph.  We  are  referred  to  Geo.  W.  Goethals  in  connection 
with  the  Panama  canal,  to  Homer  in  connection  with  Greek  literature, 
to  Baron  Strathcona  in  Canadian  history,  all  important  figures  in  the 
world's  history  down  to  the  present  day.  Thus  the  biographical 
characters  are  associated  or  interwoven  with  their  particular  fields  of 
activity.  (» 

The  survey  of  ancient,  mediaeval,  and  modern  history  is  especially 
complete;  the  older  countries  are  separately  treated  from  their  earnest 
history  bringing  together  much  information  often  difficult  to  obtain 
in  connected  form. 

The  literature  section  also  is  particularly  useful,  outlining  the 
literatures  of  ancient  and  modern  times  and  developing  facts  from  the 
biographies  of  many  of  the  world's  best  writers. 

It  will  be  observed  that  the  questions  under  the  various  headings 
are  logical,  chronological  where  point  of  time  is  to  be  considered, 
practical,  and  cover  sufficient  material  to  give  a  thorough  review  of 
the  subject  treated.  Often  in  one  question  reference  is  made  to  dif- 
ferent departments  thus  Unking  together  points  of  interest  which 
otherwise  the  reader  might  not  associate.  Page  numbers  are  fre- 
quently not  in  numerical  order  but  should  always  be  consulted  in  the 
order  in  which  they  are  given. 

It  is  the  aim  of  the  publishers  that  this  question  book  serve  the 
following  purposes: 

It  will  afford  the  student  and  the  teacher  a  careful  review  of  many 
subjects  in  intermediate  and  high  school  work,  referring  them  to  much 
valuable  information  not  found  in  the  ordinary  textbook  or  in  the 
most  complete  encyclopedia.  Numerous  questions  in  the  various 
departments  upon  the  events  of  the  day  are  of  particular  value  to  the 
student  and  the  teacher  in  securing  knowledge  that  is  up-to-date. 

The  literary  club  woman  will  find  the  history,  language,  and  litera- 
ture departments  especially  useful,  outlining  a  course  of  study  unique 
in  points  of  arrangement,  completeness,  and  up-to-dateness. 
X  The  question  book  should  appeal  to  those  who,  having  left  school 
early,  find  their  lack  of  knowledge  a  handicap.  For  commercial 
reasons  some  desire  to  improve,  others  for  social  reasons,  yet  lack  the 
means  to  this  end.  To  all  such  the  question  book  affords  a  systematic 
course  of  home  study  enabling  one  to  acquire  an  immense  amount 
rf  practical  information  of  inestimable  value. 

To  build  a  question  book  is  no  easy  task,  but  the  publishers  feel 
warranted  in  saying  that  this  little  book  serves  all  the  purposes  enum- 
erated. No  aim  is  made  to  exhaust  the  material  upon  the  various 
subjects,  nor  to  treat  all  subjects  found  in  the  complete  book,  but 
rather  to  call  attention  to  the  vast  amount  of  information  available 
in  this  one-volume  reference  work,  and  to  show  what  can  be  accom- 
plished by  diligent  and  careful  use  of  The  Standard  Dictionary  of 
Facts. 


HOW  TO  USE 

The  Standard  Question  Book  is  founded  on  the  comprehensive 
manual  entitled  The  Standard  Dictionary  of  Facts.  It  is  practically  a 
part  of  that  reference  volume,  having  been  planned  and  prepared  for  use 
solely  in  connection  with  the  information  therein  contained. 

This  question  book,  therefore,  should  always  be  studied  in  associa- 
tion with  The  Standard  Dictionary  of  Facts  in  which  will  be  found  the 
answers  to  the  questions.  At  this  point  it  is  important  to  remember 
that  no  other  single  source  of  information  will  furnish  all  of  the  answers 
to  these  questions.  While  about  seven  thousand  are  specially  classified 
for  study  in  this  question  book,  The  Standard  Dictionary  of  Facts  will 
answer  in  the  neighborhood  of  a  hundred  thousand  similar  questions. 

How  to  Study.  The  first  necessary  step  is  to  get  at  the  start  the 
clearest  and  most  definite  idea  possible  as  to  what  The  Standard 
Dictionary  of  Facts  actually  contains.  The  second  necessary  step  is  to 
learn  how  to  find  any  desired  item  of  information  with  ease  and  speed. 

Both  of  the  foregoing  are  best  accomplished  by  a  careful  reading 
of  the  Preface,  pages  3  and  4  of  this  volume,  and  the  Publishers'  Preface, 
page  3,  and  How  to  Use,  page  6,  in  The  Standard  Dictionary  of  Facts, 
supplemented  by  a  little  practice  in  using  the  Index  and  in  referring 
to  some  of  the  alphabetical  lists  given  at  the  beginning  of  the  Index, 
page  867. 

Suppose  that  one  desires  to  acquire  more  information  concerning 
the  geography  of  Europe.  First  turn  to  the  index  to  this  book,  page 
155.  Here  one  will  find  a  list  of  more  than  a  hundred  important  sub- 
jects, alphabetically  arranged  and  cross-referenced,  all  of  which  are  given 
special  treatment  in  this  question  book. 

Opposite  the  subject  "Geography,"  which  one  will  find  among  the 
other  subjects  in  alphabetical  order,  are  the  figures  "115-130."  These 
figures  indicate  the  pages  where  the  whole  subject  of  geography  is 
treated.  But  under  the  head  of  geography  one  at  once  notices  several 
subheads  or  subdivisions,  beginning  with  "Africa."  Glancing  down 
this  list  of  subheads,  which  is  likewise  arranged  alphabetically,  one  soon 
finds  "Europe,"  the  subdivision  desired.  Opposite  "Europe"  are  the 
figures  "122-127"  telling  the  pages  on  which  European  geography  is 
treated.  If,  however,  one  should  look  for  Europe  first  instead  of 
geography,  one  would  immediately  find  under  "Europe"  the  subhead 
"Geography"  with  reference  to  pages  "122-127."  This  illustrates 
how  carefully  all  subjects  treated  are  indexed. 

Turning  to  the  section  indicated  by  the  page  numbers,  one  finds 
about  five  pages  filled  with  important  questions,  the  answers  to  which 
will  furnish  a  good  working  knowledge  of  the  geography  of  the  whole 
continent  of  Europe.  The  figures  following  the  questions  indicate  the 
pages  hi  The  Standard  Dictionary  of  Facts  where  concise  and  accurate 
answers  may  be  found.  In  a  like  manner  the  questions  on  all  of  the 
other  subjects  treated  may  be  easily  found  and  studied. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS 

HISTORY 

ANCIENT  —  ENGLISH  —  UNITED  STATES — CANADA — CONTI- 
NENTAL EUROPE — MEXICO — SOUTH  AMERICA — ASIATIC  COUN- 
TRIES  11-68 

LANGUAGE 

CAPITALS — PUNCTUATION — CORRECT  USE  OP  WORDS — LET- 
TER WRITING — HIGHER  ENGLISH 69-80 

LITERATURE 

ANCIENT  —  ORIENTAL  —  GREEK  —  LATIN  —  MODERN  EURO- 
PEAN— ENGLISH — AMERICAN 81-114 

GEOGRAPHY 

NORTH  AMERICA — SOUTH  AMERICA — EUROPE — ASIA — AFRICA 
—GENERAL 115-130 

GOVERNMENT 

UNITED  STATES — EUROPEAN  COUNTRIES — ASIA — CENTRAL 
AMERICA — SOUTH  AMERICA 131-138 

INDUSTRY— INVENTION— COMMERCE 

IRON  AND  STEEL — IMPORTS — EXPORTS — SHIPPING — MANU- 
FACTURING  139-142 

SCIENCE— EDUCATION— FINE  ARTS 

ELECTRICITY — ENGINEERING — PHYSIOLOGY — COLLEGES  AND 
UNIVERSITIES — SCULPTURE — PAINTING — Music 143-146 

NATURAL  HISTORY 

MAMMALS — BIRDS — FISHES — FRUITS — FLOWERS — MINERALS 
— PRECIOUS  STONES r 147-150 

MISCELLANY 

GENERAL  INFORMATION — POINTS  OF  INTEREST — ORIGIN  AND 
MEANING  OF  NAMES — ARITHMETIC — PARCEL  POST — RED  CROSS.  151-154 


ANCIENT  HISTORY 

In  studying  human  progress  what  two  kinds  of  knowledge  are 

considered? 54 

State  the  distinction  between  prehistoric  times  and  historic  times.      54 

Into  what  two  parts  is  the  Prehistoric  Period  divided?  Name 
important  achievements  which  preceded  the  invention  of 
writing 54 

Name  ten  economic  plants  which  were  among  the  first  to  be  placed 
under  cultivation.  Mention  ten  important  animals  domesti- 
cated before  the  dawn  of  history 54 

With  the  peoples  of  what  regions  does  the  earliest  recorded  history 

begin?  At  approximately  what  dates? 54 

How  must  all  assigned  dates  at  the  beginning  of  history  be  regarded?       54 

How  long  did  the  peoples  of  America  remain  in  the  prehistoric 
period? 54 

What  are  five  of  the  notable  wars  of  history?  During  what  years 
did  each  occur?  Name  the  chief  leaders  and  some  of  the 
most  notable  battles  of  each  war 138-139 

What  was  the  earliest  known  nation? 43 

EGYPT 

What  characters  were  used  for  the  earliest  Egyptian  writing? .  . .  282 

What  is  the  Rosetta  stone?  When  was  it  discovered? 378,  282 

Who  is  the  author  of  the  list  of  Egyptian  kings  which  is  still 

used?  Into  how  many  dynasties  does  he  divide  them? 43 

By  whom  was  the  Egyptian  monarchy  founded?  What  was  its 

capital? . ; 43,  54 

What  are  the  dates  assigned  to  Menes  by  different  chronolo- 

gists?  Why  do  they  vary? 43 

Describe  the  pyramids.  When  was  the  great  pyramid  built? ....  561 
Name  three  kings  who  lived  in  the  so-called  "Pyramid  Dynasty." 

What  great  work  did  they  perform? 43 

When  was  the  city  of  Thebes  founded?  Distinguish  Egyptian 

Thebes  from  Thebes  in  Greece 161 

When  was  geometry  used  in  Egypt?  Give  the  date  of  a  treatise 

on  geometry 55,  282 

Who  were  the  shepherd  kings?  When  did  they  conquer  Egypt, 

and  how  long  did  they  hold  it? 55,  43,  119 

When  were  letters  first  used  in  Egypt?  By  whom  and  when  was 

the  Egyptian  alphabet  invented? 55 

When  were  the  temples  and  palaces  at  Thebes  built? 43 

Describe  the  early  Egyptian  architecture 511 

What  king  was  probably  the  Pharaoh  of  the  exodus? 43 

11 


During  what  period  did  the  decay  of  the.  empire  begin? 43 

What  does  the  word  Pharaoh  mean? 834 

When  were  horses  introduced  into  Egypt? 65 

Give  the  origin  of  the  name  Egypt 55,  812 

When  did  Shishak  reign?  After  the  death  of  Shishak  by  whom 

were  the  Egyptians  conquered? 56,  43 

What  date  is  given  to  the  first  record  of  Egyptian  sculpture?  57 

When  did  Memphis  become  the  capital  of  Egypt? 57 

What  great  canal  was  begun  in  610  B.  C.? 57 

In  what  year  was  Nebuchadnezzar's  invasion  of  Egypt? 57 

At  what  time  and  under  what  ruler  did  Egypt  become  a  Persian 

province? 43 

Give  the  date  of  Alexander's  conquest  of  Egypt 43,  60 

By  whom  and  in  what  year  was  Alexandria  founded? 60 

Describe  the  "Book  of  the  Dead." 282 

After  whose  death  did  Ptolemy  take  the  throne? 43 

What  were  the  characteristics  of  the  reign  of  the  Ptolemies,  and 

what  name  was  applied  to  that  period? 43,  60 

Name  a  great  canal  built  in  Egypt  267  B.  C 61 

Name  the  first  lighthouse  on  record 61,  849 

Who  was  Cleopatra,  and  what  did  her  influence  accomplish  for 

Egypt? 420,  43,  63 

What  became  of  the  Alexandrian  library?  How  many  books 

did  it  contain? 63,  684 

Who  conquered  Egypt  in  47  B.  C.? 63 

Upon  whose  downfall  did  Egypt  pass  to  Rome?  Give  the  date .  43,  63 
Describe  religious  conditions  in  Egypt  following  the  Roman 

conquest 43-44 

Name  a  celebrated  Egyptian  astronomer  and  geographer 65,  478 

When  Rome  was  divided  into  eastern  and  western  empires,  of 

which  empire  did  Egypt  become  a  province? 44 

Who  were  Osiris,  Isis,  Horus,  and  Apis? 325-338 

What  city  was  called  the  city  of  a  hundred  gates?  What  deity 

was  especially  worshiped  in  that  city? 161 

What  are  obelisks?  For  what  purpose  were  they  erected? ....  550 

CHINA  AND  JAPAN 

Why  is  it  difficult  to  state  facts  about  the  early  history  of  China? .       35 
Name  six  plants  cultivated  in  China  2700  B.  C.  still  of  great  im- 
portance in  agriculture 55 

At  what  time  was  silk  culture  in  China  established? 55 

When  did  the  Shang  dynasty  begin? 55 

What  is  known  of  the  Chow  dynasty  and  when  did  it  begin? 35, 56 

12 


For  how  long  has  the  mariner's  compass  been  known  to  the 

Chinese? 56 

Who  was  Confucius?  During  whose  reign  was  he  born?. ..  .422,  35 

From  what  dynasty  did  China  take  its  name? 35 

When  was  the  great  wall  of  China  built,  what  was  its  purpose, 

and  what  is  its  length? 35,  817 

How  early  was  the  art  of  printing  known  in  China? 61 

In  what  country  was  paper  invented?  Give  the^date 62 

When  was  Buddhism  introduced  into  China? 35 

What  Roman  emperor  sent  ambassadors  to  China? 65 

Name  the  forms  of  government  through  which  Japan  successively 

passed 124 

How  many  centuries  of  unbroken  reign  does  the  Japanese  empire 

claim? 124 

Who  was  the  fabled  first  mikado  and  what  was  his  descent? 124 

From  what  time  does  the  authentic  history  of  Japan  date? 124 

Name  a  conquest  personally  made  by  the  empress  in  270  A.  D. . .  124 

From  what  country  did  Japan  receive  the  Confucian  classics?. .  317 

What  is  the  signification  of  the  word  Japan? 822 

CHALDEA,  ASSYRIA,  BABYLON 

Who  made  Babylon  preeminent?  Mention  his  achievements 55 

Where  was  the  kingdom  of  Assyria? 21 

When  and  by  whom  was  Nineveh  built? 55 

When  was  the  Assyrian  empire  established? 21, 55 

At  what  time  did  the  Babylonian  decline  begin? 281 

Give  the  date  of  the  second  Assyrian  dynasty 55 

Who  were  the  most  famous  rulers  of  Assyria? 21 

What  valuable  ancient  code  of  laws  has  been  discovered  in  Babylonia?  281 
In  what  siege  did  Sennacherib  meet  disaster?  What  famous  poem 

was  written  upon  this  theme? 21 

Who  was  Pul  and  what  great  work  did  he  accomplish? 21 

Who  was  Sardanapalus? 57 

What  size  was  attained  by  the  library  at  Nineveh? 281 

Who  was  Nebuchadnezzar?  When  did  he  capture  Jerusalem  and 

when  did  he  invade  Egypt? 57,  470 

What  eclipse  was  observed  at  Babylon  in  721  B.  C.? 57 

At  what  time  and  by  what  nation  was  the  final  conquest  of 

Babylon  accomplished? 58 

iTHE  HEBREWS 

What  dates  are  usually  accepted  for  the  birth  and  the  death  of 

Abraham? 55 

13 


Who  was  Joseph?  When  was  he  sold  into  Egypt? 452,  55 

When  was  Joseph  viceroy  of  Egypt? 119 

Give  the  date  of  the  death  of  Jacob.  The  death  of  Joseph 55 

What  does  the  name  Israel  mean  and  to  whom  was  it  appfied? .  122,  822 
Give  the  principal  events  in  the  life  of  Moses.  What  education 

did  he  receive? 468,  282 

What  is  the  date  of  the  exodus  from  Egypt?  The  date  of  the 

law  from  Sinai? 55 

What  position  did  Joshua  occupy  after  the  death  of  Moses? 452 

When  did  Saul  become  king  of  Israel?  When  did  he  die? 56 

Give 'the  principal  facts  in  the  life  of  David  and  the  dates  of  his 

birth  and  death 425,  56 

For  how  many  years  and  at  what  period  was  Solomon  king? 56 

State  some  important  facts  concerning  Solomon's  life 489 

Describe  Solomon's  temple 160 

What  is  meant  by  the  revolt  of  the  Ten  Tribes?  When  did  it 

occur?    What  new  kingdoms  were  formed  from  the  Hebrew 

tribes? 56,  122 

Give  the  names  of  the  Ten  Tribes,  their  population,  and  the 

causes  of  their  revolt 122 

When  and  why  did  Jeroboam  establish  idolatry? 56, 123 

By  wfeat  conquest  did  the  kingdom  of  Israel  come  to  an  end? 

Give  the  date 57, 123 

How  did  the  title  Jews  come  into  use? 122,  125 

After  Nineveh  was  united  to  Babylon  in  what  kingdom  were  the 

Israelites  captive? 125 

Where  did  Daniel  prophesy?  Why  was  he  in  that  city? 125,  424 

By  whom  was  Babylonia  conquered  in  538  B.  C.? 58 

What  did  Cyrus  do  for  the  Jews? 58,  125 

When  was  Persia  conquered  by  Alexander  the  Great? 60 

Trace  the  history  of  the  Jews  under  the  Macedonian  empire 125 

Of  what  country  did  Judea  become  a  province  in  63  B.  C.? 125 

Who  was  Caligula?  Why  did  he  persecute  the  Jews? 125,  146 

By  whom  were  the  Jews  banished  from  Rome? 125 

What  did,  the  Jews  suffer  under  Titus? 125 

With  whom  was  the  first  treaty  in  Jewish  history  made? 125 

What  is  meant  by  the  final  desolation  of  Judea? 125 

PHENICIA  AND  PERSIA 

Where  was  ancient  Phenicia? 557 

According  to  tradition,  who  introduced  the  Phenician  alphabet 

into  ancient  Greece? 283,  326,  557 

By  whom  was  Carthage  founded? 56 

14 


With  whom  did  the  king  of  Tyre  form  an  alliance  in  1000  B.  C.?.  56 
Upon  what  great  building  were  Phenician  workmen  employed?.  557 

Who  first  circumnavigated  Africa? 57 

What  Persian  ruler  invaded  Phenicia  and  captured  Tyre? 57,  58 

What  country  received  the  Phenician  alphabet  about  500  B.  C.?.  58 

On  what  continents  were  Phenician  colonies  planted? 557 

For  what  knowledge  were  the  Phenieians  noted? 557 

Where  was  the  original  country  of  Persia? 141 

By  whom  was  the  Persian  empire  founded?  Of  what  countries 

was  it  composed? 58, 141 

Who  was  Cambyses?  How  did  he  extend  the  empire? 415, 141 

Why  was  the  battle  of  Marathon  of  especial  importance?  Name 

the  leaders 22 

What  conquests  were  made  by  Darius? 141 

Who  was  Xerxes?  What  death  did  he  meet? 58 

Name  the  commander  of  the  Persian  army  at  Thermopylae. 

Give  facts  about  the  battle 161 

When  was  the  royal  family  of  Persia  poisoned? 59 

At  what  time  were  the  Greek  cities  of  Asia  tributary  to  Persia?.  59 
How  was  Persian  civilization  affected  as  a  result  of  the  battle  of 

Arbela? 22 

Name  the  commanders  at  the  battle  of  Arbela.  What  nation 

thereafter  controlled  Persia? 22,  60 

When  and  how  long  was  Persia  tributary  to  Parthia? 60 

Who  was  Zoroaster?  Where  and  how  long  did  his  religion  pre- 
vail? State  its  effect  upon  the  Greeks .504,  278 

Who  are  the  Parsees?  What  is  their  belief?  How  do  they 

dispose  of  their  dead? 278,  719 

What  style  of  writing  was  used  by  the  early  Persians?  What  was 

the  character  of  the  earliest  writings? 281,  278 

GREECE 

Why  are  both  the  history  and  the  literature  of  the  ancient  Greeks 

obscure? 116,  283 

When  was  Athens  founded?  Who  was  Cecrops? 55,  327 

Give  the  dates  of  the  founding  of  Corinth  and  Sparta 55 

Who  was  Cadmus?  What  alphabet  did  he  introduce  into  Greece? 

283,  326 

When  and  where  were  the  first  Olympic  Barnes  held?  What 

were  these  games? 55,  832 

Mention  the  first  naval  expedition  on  record 55 

Who  was  Jason?  Who  were  the  argonauts?  What  was  the 

golden  fleece? 325-333 

15 


Who  was  Apollo?    When  was  the  temple  of  Apollo  at  Delphi 

built? 325,  55 

When  and  by  whom  were  masts  and  sails  for  the  use  of  ships 

invented? 56 

What  was  the  cause  of  the  Trojan  war? 165 

Give  the  supposed  dates,  the  leading  battle,  and  the  chief  leaders 

of  the  Trojan  war 56,  138 

Who  was  Agamemnon?    Hector? 324,  331 

Tell  what  is  known  about  Homer 446 

Give  the  theme  of  Homer's  Iliad.    The  theme  of  the  Odyssey. . .  363,  373 
Who  was  Ulysses?    What  part  did  he  play  in  the  Trojan  war? . .     342 

Tell  how  the  Greeks  captured  Troy  in  the  Trojan  war 165 

Where  was  the  Peloponnesus? 556 

What  is  meant  by  the  Heraclidae? 331 

Who  reformed  the  constitution  of  Sparta? 56 

When  and  by  whom  were  gold  and  silver  first  coined? 56 

What  boats  were  used  by  the  Corinthians  in  the  8th  century  B.  C.?      67 
When  was  the  Greek  city  of  Syracuse  founded?    What  is  the 

origin  of  the  name? 57,  842 

When  did  the  Messenian  wars  occur? 116, 138 

Between  whom  was  the  first  sea  fight  on  record? , .  .57, 116 

Who  was  Draco?    When  was  the  Draconian  code  formulated?. .     428 
Who  were  the  seven  sages  of  Greece?    When  did  they  flourish?.     116 

When  did  Solon's  code  come  into  use  in  Athens? 57 

Mention  three  noted  battles  of  the  Perso-Grecian  war.    Which  of 
these    is    one    of    the    decisive    battles    of    the    world's 

history? 138,  116,  22 

Give  the  dates  of  the  following  battles:    Marathon,  Thermopylae, 

Salamis .58, 116 

Who  was  the  leader  of  the  Greeks  at  the  battle  of  Thermopylae? 

Of  what  country  was  he  king?    Give  result  of  battle . .  161, 116 
Give  facts  about  Sparta.     What  position  did  Sparta  occupy  in 

'  the  6th  century  B.  C.? 158 

When  was  a  school  of  sculpture  opened  at  Athens?    The  first 

public  library  founded  at  Athens? 68 

Who  was  Minerva?    What  was  the  Greek  name  for  Minerva? 
What  Grecian  city  is  said  to  have  received  its  name  from 

Minerva? 335 

When  was  the  temple  of  Minerva  built?    Where  was  it? 555 

When  was  Pericles  prominent  in  the  affairs  of  Athens?    What 

great  building  was  erected  during  his  administration? ....  58,  555 
Describe  the  Parthenon.    What  great  Greek  sculptor  superin- 
tended its  erection?    What  was  its  style  of  architecture?. 555,  476 

16 


Name  three  orders  of  Greek  architecture.    In  what  age  did 

Grecian  architecture  attain  its  greatest  perfection? 511 

What  is  meant  by  the  Acropolis? 797 

Who  were  the  principal  Greek  writers  during  the  "golden  age  of 

Pericles"? 201 

Who  was  Phidias?    Name  some  statues  which  he  executed 476 

When  was  the  Peloponnesian  war?    Name  the  chief  leaders  and 

the  cause  of  the  war 138, 158 

Who  was  the  historian  of  the  Peloponnesian  war?    Give  facts 

about  him 284,  494 

Trace  the  alternating  supremacy  of  Sparta  and  Athens 158 

When  was  Thebes  predominant  in  the  affairs  of  Greece? 59, 116 

Who  was  Philip  of  Macedon?    When  did  he  subdue  Sparta?.  .476,  59 

What  were  the  Philippics  of  Demosthenes? 426 

What  position    as    an   orator    did    Demosthenes    hold?    What 

obstacles  did  he  overcome? 426 

Who  instituted  the  Macedonian  phalanx? 59,  476 

When  was  Thebes  destroyed? 60 

In.  what  war  was  the  battle  of  Arbela?    Give  the  leaders  of  the 

*   battle  and  the  result 138,  22,  60 

Why  is  the  battle  of  Arbela  of  particular  importance?    Give 

the  date 22 

Give  a  brief  account  of  the  lif e  of  Alexander  the  Great 395 

Name  two  countries  that   were   conquered  by  Alexander  the 

Great.    In   what   year   did   he   establish   the   Macedonian 

monarchy? 60 

In  what  year  did  the  Grecian  cities  revolt  from  Macedonia? 

Who  became  regent  of  Greece? 60 

By  whom  was  the  first  work  on  mechanics  written  and  in  what 

year? 60 

Who  was  Aristotle?    Of  what  great  teacher  was  he  a  pupil? 399 

What  was  the  Achaean  league?    When  did  Athens  join  it? 9,  61 

What  caused  the  Achaean  war? 9 

When  did  Greece  become  a  Roman  province? 62 

Give  the  meaning  of  "laconic" 365 

Give  an  account  of  the  legendary  achievements  of  Hercules ....     331 

Why  has  Sparta  no  imposing  ruins? 158 

Who  was  Herodotus? 445 

State  some  facts  in  the  life  of  Plato.     What  great  philosopher 

was  the  teacher  of  Plato? 477,  284 

What  was  the  fate  of  Socrates?.  ,• 489 

What  is  the  theme  of  Xenophon's  Anabasis? 284,  504 

What  celebrated  Greek  mathematician  lived  about  300  B.  C.? .  60,  431 

17 


Who  was  Plutarch? 477 

Describe  the  Colossus  at  Rhodes 809 

What  are  the  Elgin  marbles? 813 

What  is  the  sculpture  known  as  the  Laocoon  group?  Where 

is  it  now? 333 

Describe  the  mythology  of  the  ancient  Greeks.  Explain  how 

they  worshiped  these  deities 323 

Who  were  the  following:  Zeus,  Poseidon,  Aphrodite,  Dionysus, 

Hermes? ~ .  .325-342 

ROME 

Legendary  Age 

What  is  the  mythical  connection  of  ^Eneas  with  the  founding  of 

the  Roman  empire? 343 

When  and  by  whom  was  Alba  Longa  built? 56 

Give  the  year  in  which  Romulus  became  king  of  Alba  Longa. 

The  year  in  which  he  was  supposedly  murdered 56,  57 

In  what  year  was  Rome  founded?     By  whom? 57,  567,  378 

What  change  was  made  in  the  Roman  calendar  in  710  B.  C.?. . .       57 
Give  in  order  three  important  kings  of  Rome  from  672  B.  C. 

to  578  B.  C 57 

What  is  the  Cloaca  Maxima,  and  under  what  ruler  was  it  con- 
structed?      809 

What  was  the  Roman  forum? 110 

Explain  the  Circus  Maximus 808 

Who  was  Servius  Tullius?    When  did  he  die? 567 

How  large  had  Rome  become  in  the  tune  of  Servius  Tullius? . .     567 

Name  the  seven  hills  of  Rome 567 

What  great  building  of  ancient  Rome  stood  on  the  Palatine 

hill? 566 

Under  what  ruler  was  the  coining  of  money  begun  at  Rome? ....       57 
When  were  the  Tarquins  expelled  from  Rome?     What  uprising 

of  the  people  took  place  in  Athens  a  year  earlier? 58 

Who  were  Janus,  Juno,  Jupiter,  Mars,  Minerva? 333-335 

Who  was  Vesta?    What  were  the  Lares?    The  Penates?    The 

Manes? 334-342 

'The  Republic 

What  great  change  in  the  government  of  Rome  took  place  in 

509  B.  C.? 58 

When  was  the  Capitol  at  Rome  finished?     The  temple  of  Minerva 

built? &* 

In  what  year  were  tribunes  of  the  people  first  chosen? , . . . .       58 

18 


Where  is  the  Tarpeian  rock  and  what  is  its  history? 159 

When  was  Cincinnatus  made  dictator? 59.  420 

Who  were  the  decemviri  and  what  did  they  do? 39 

When  were  the  laws  of  the  twelve  tables  adopted? 59 

In  what  year  was  Rome  destroyed  by  the  Gauls? 59 

What  civil  strife  took  place  in  376  B.  C.?    Who  was  made  the 

first  plebeian  consul? 59 

When  were  military  tribunes  abolished? 59 

When  did  the  Samnite  war  begin?     How  long  did  it  continue?.    *  59 

When  was  the  Appian  way  constructed?    Where  was  it? 60,  800 

When  was  the  sun  dial  at  Rome  erected? 60 

In  what  year  did  Rome  become  mistress  of  all  Italy? 61 

Give  the  dates  of  beginning  and  ending  of  the  Punic  wars ~"l38 

Who  was  Hannibal?    What  had  he  to  do  with  the  second  Punic 

war? 442,  61 

When  did  Macedonia  become  a  Roman  province? 62 

Name  the  principal  events  between  the  second  and  third  Punic 

wars 61-62 

During  what  war  did  Greece  become  a  Roman  province?    What 

great  cities  were  taken  by  Rome  in  that  year? 62 

When  did  Spain  pass  under  Roman  rule? 62 

Who  was  Caius  Gracchus?    When  did  he  become  tribune? 439,  62 

Sketch  the  life  of  Cornelia,  "mother  of  the  Gracchi" 422 

Give  the  dates  of  the  Jugurthine  war  and  the  names  of  the  leaders. 

State  facts  about  Jugurtha 138,  452 

What  was  the  Roman  social  war  and  what  was  the  result? ....     138 
Who  was  made  perpetual  dictator  of  Rome  as  a  result  of  his 

successes  in  war? 63 

Give  the  dates,  the  leaders,  and  the  important  battles  of  the 

Mithridatic  war 138 

Who  were  the  gladiators?    What  was  Cicero's  reason  for  approv- 
ing of  their  contests? 116 

Who  were  the  chief  leaders  of  the  Gladiatorial  war  and  when 

did  it  occur? 138,  423,  489 

Who  was  Catiline?    When  and  by  whom  was  his  conspiracy 

discovered? 417,  63 

Outline  the  events  of  Cicero's  life 419 

What  is  a  triumvirate?     Name  the  members  of  the  first  Roman 

triumvirate 165,  63 

Sketch  briefly  the  life  of  Julius  Caesar,  giving  dates  of  birth 

and  death 414 

When  did  Caesar  become  dictator  of  Rome? 63 

For  whom  was  the  month  of  July  named? 823 

19 


When  did  Caesar  invade  Britain? 63 

What  became  of  Crassus  and  Pompey? 63 

Who  succeeded  Caesar  as  master  of  Rome? 63 

Name  the  members  of  the  second  Roman  triumvirate 63 

Give  briefly  the  life  of  Mark  Antony.  By  whom  and  in  what 

battle  was  he  defeated? 462,  63 

Sketch  the  lif e  of  Cleopatra 420 

Name  the  wars  in  which  Rome  was  engaged  before  the  beginning 

of  the  Christian  era 138 

What  aqueducts  were  built  during  the  period  of  the  republic? . . .  510 

The  Empire 

In  what  year  did  the  republic  of  Rome  become  a  monarchy? 

What  was  the  population  of  Rome  at  that  time? 63 

What  titles  were  conferred  upon  Octavius  by  the  Roman  senate?      63 
How  long  did  Augustus  (Octavius)  rule?    What  was  the  charac- 
ter of  his  reign? 146,  401 

For  what  writings  were  Sallust,  Virgil,  Horace,  and  Livy  noted? 
Compare  the  time  in  which  they  lived  with  the  date  of 

Augustus'  reign 447-497, 146 

For  whom  was  the  month  of  August  named? 801 

In  what  year  did  Augustus  correct  the  calendar? 64 

In  what  year  did  the  birth  of  Christ  occur? 64 

Mention  the  principal  events  in  the  reign  of  Augustus,  noting 

particularly  all  conquests  made 63-64 

Describe  the  Pantheon.     When  was  it  built? 554,  566 

Which  one  of  the  decisive  battles  of  history  took  place  in  9  A.  D.?      22 
Under  which  of  the  Roman  emperors  did  the  crucifixion  of  Christ 

take  place? . 64, 146 

Name  the  Roman  emperors  from  14  A.  D.  to  96  A.  D 146 

For  what  qualities  were  Caligula  and  Nero  noted? 64,  415,  470 

During  whose  reign  was  the  city  of  Rome  burned?    What  great 

palace  was  built  in  the  same  year? 64,  817 

How  did  the  streets  of  the  rebuilt  city  compare  with  those  of 

the  old  city  of  Rome? 566 

Who  first  persecuted  the  Christians? 64 

State  some  facts  about  Titus.     What  were  the  baths  of  Titus?. .  64,  566 
What   volcanic   eruption   caused   the   destruction   of   Pompeii? 

Who  was  emperor  of  Rome  at  the  time? 558,  576, 146 

What  is  the  arch  of  Titus?      The  Colosseum? 800,  809,  566 

Who  were  the  five  good  emperors? 146 

During  whose  reign  was  the  Roman  empire  at  its  greatest  extent? .       65 
State  five  facts  about  the  lif  e  of  Marcus  Aurelius  Antoninus ....     401 

20 


When  did  the  period  of  military  despotism  begin? 146 

What  kind  of  ruler  was  Septimius  Severus?  Mention  three 

events  of  his  reign 65 

What  rights  did  Garacalla  grant  the  people  of  Rome?  What 

was  the  character  of  his  reign? 65,  415 

What  is  meant  by  the  thirty  tyrants  of  Rome? 161 

Who  was  Aurelian?  When  did  he  rule  Rome  and  what  con- 
quests did  he  make? 401,  65 

What  was  Diocletian's  form  of  government? 65 

Trace  the  persecution  of  the  Christians  under  the  Roman  em- 
perors  64-65 

What  action  did  Constantius  take  hi  regard  to  the  persecution 

of  the  Christians? 65 

Describe  the  catacombs 781 

Who  was  the  first  Christian  emperor? 65 

What  is  the  story  of  Constantino's  conversion  to  Christianity? . .  422 
Give  the  earlier  name  of  the  city  of  Constantinople.  Why 

was  it  changed? 809 

By  what  decree  was  Christianity  made  the  state  religion? 422 

What  is  the  arch  of  Constantine? 800,  566 

Who  was  Julian  the  Apostate?  What  attempt  particularly 

distinguished  his  reign? 452 

Under  what  rulers  was  the  Roman  empire  divided? 65 

Upon  the  death  of  Valens  who  succeeded  to  the  eastern  empire?. .  x  65 
When  did  Theodosius  become  emperor  of  the  East  and  the 

West? 66 

Between  whom  and  in  what  year  was  the  Roman  empire  finally 

divided? 66 

Who  where  the  Goths? 116 

When  was  Rome  sacked  by  Alaric? 66,  394 

How  many  years  elapsed  between  the  sack  of  Rome  by  the 

Gauls  and  the  sack  of  Rome  by  Alaric? 59,  66 

By  whom  and  in  what  year  were  public  schools  established  in 

Rome? 66 

Mention  the  conquests  made  and  the  Roman  provinces  acquired 

by  foreign  tribes  between  410  A.  D.  and  433  A.  D 66 

Who  were  the  Huns? 119 

Give  three  facts  from  the  life  of  Attila.  By  whom  was  the  city 

of  Venice  founded? 401 

Sketch  the  life  of  Genseric.  When  did  he  sack  Rome? 436 

Who  was  the  last  of  the  Roman  emperors  of  the  West? 147 

What  long  was  the  final  conqueror  of  western  Rome? 66 

21 


How  many  years  elapsed  between  the  founding  of  the  chy  of 

Rome  and  the  fall  of  the  western  empire? 66 

Mention  some  great  Roman  temples  and  the  rulers  by  whom 

they  were  built 566 

Describe  the  bridges  of  ancient  Rome 778 

Who    were    the    augurs?     Distinguish    between    auguries    and 

auspices 21-22 

When  was  the  first  library  opened  at  Rome?     How  many  years 

earlier  was  the  first  library  opened  at  Athens? 62,  58 

What  were  the  sacred  groves  at  Rome? 330 

Give  an  account  of  the  Flaminian  way.     Describe  the  Appian  way. 

Compare  these  two  examples  of  Roman  road  building 815,  800 

Quote  the  words  of  the  king  of  Parthia  when  Crassus,  of  the 

first  Roman  triumvirate,  was  killed 423 

State  the  customs  connected  with  the  temple  of  Janus 333 

For  what  reason  did  Caesar  build  a  temple  to  Venus? 566 

What  became  of  Brutus  after  the  assassination  of  Csesar? 412 

When  was  the  circus  of  Romulus  built?  How  do  its  ruins  com- 
pare with  those  of  other  circuses? 808 

Where  is  Fiesole?    For  what  is  it  noted? 815 

In  what  year  was  the  arch  of  Constantino  built?  To  com- 
memorate what  event? 800 

Describe  the  sculpture  known  as  "The  Dying  Gaul".    Of  what 

school  of  sculpture  is  it  a  specimen? 786 

When  was  the  capitol  at  Rome  destroyed  by  lightning? 65 

In  what  year  was  Rome  entirely  surrounded  with  a  wall? 65 

When  was  the  city  of  Pisa  founded?    What  was  its  condition 

during  the  empire? 558 

Describe  the  ancient  city  of  Pompeii  as  disclosed  by  excavations. 
What  was  the  size  of  the  houses  and  of  what  were  they  mainly 
built?  Who  usually  occupied  the  ground  floors  of  the 

dwellings? 558-559 

By  whom  was  the  city  of  Cologne  founded? 526 

From  what  century  does  the  cathedral  of  Ravenna  date? 563 


ENGLISH  HISTORY 

By  what  name  was  Britain  known  to  the  Phenicians? 804 

How  did  Britain  receive  its  name? 804 

In  search  of  what  metal  did  the  Carthaginians  visit  Britain? 58 

From  what  country  did  most  of  the  gold  antiquities  of  British 

history  come? 121 

Name  two  metals  used  for  coins  in  Britain  before  the  Roman 

invasion 656 

What  was  the  original  name  of  Scotland? 840 

By  what  name  is  Ireland  mentioned  by  the  early  writers? 121 

To  what  people  did  the  early  British  owe  their  language? 185 

Who  were  the  Druids? 42 

What  aboriginal  race  still  inhabits  some  parts  of  Wales? 577 

Roman  Period 

When  did  the  Romans  first  invade  Britain  and  tinder  what 

leader? 63 

Under  what  governor  was  Roman  power  established  in  Britain? .  64,  394 
For  what  purpose  was  the  wall  of  Antoninus  built?  How  far 

did  Agricola  penetrate  into  Scotland  at  that  time? 846,  154 

Give  the  extent  of  the  wall  built  by  the  Roman  emperor 

Hadrian 65,  818 

In  what  British  city  was  Constantine  the  Great  proclaimed 

emperor  of  Rome? 422 

What  was  the  capital  of  Roman  Britain? 581 

Name  five  English  words  of  Latin  origin  which  date  from  the 

Roman  occupation  of  Britain 185 

Give  five  English  words  ef  Latin  origin  introduced  when  the 

Britons  were  converted  to  Christianity 185 

What  was  the  state  ef  agriculture  in  Britain  during  the  Roman 

period? 647 

When  was  Britain  abandoned  by  the  Romans? 66 

Why  was  Rome  unable  to  defend  Britain  against  the  Scots  and 

Picts? 45 

How  long  did  the  Romans  occupy  Britain? 647 

State  some  facts  regarding  the  history  of  Ireland  before  the 

sixth  century 121 

When  did  St.  Patrick  undertake  to  convert  the  natives  of  Ireland?  121 

23 


Coming  of  the  Saxons 

After  the  withdrawal  of  the  Romans  to  whom  did  the  Britons 

appeal  for  aid? 45 

Who  were  Hengest  and  Horsa?  What  assistance  did  they 

render  the  Britons? 45,  66 

WhyV(did  the  Saxons  remain  hi  Britain?  What  part  of  the 

island  did  they  conquer? 45 

Mention  three  tribes  of  Teutonic  invaders 45 

What  part  of  the  island  was  occupied  by  the  Angles? 45 

Which  of  the  Teutonic  invaders  formed  the  first  settlement? 

Where? 45 

What  was  the  witenagemot? 67,  847 

Trace  the  development  of  the  Saxon  heptarchy.  Under  what 

ruler  were  these  Saxon  kingdoms  united? 45 

Give  the  origin  of  the  word  Saxon 840 

Describe  the  development  of  Christianity  through  the  influence 

of  Ethelbert,  king  of  Kent 45 

By  whom  was  St.  Augustine  sent  to  preach  Christianity  in  Britain  * 

in  597  A.  D.? 401 

When  and  by  whom  was  St.  Paul's  church  in  London  founded?.  68 

Who  published  the  first  code  of  laws  in  Britain? 68 

In  what  part  of  Britain  did  literature  have  its  beginning? 297 

Anglo-Saxon  Kings 

Who  was  the  first  king  of  England? 150 

Name  the  Anglo-Saxon  kings  in  the  order  of  succession.  How 

long  did  they  rule? 150 

What  is  the  origin  of  the  word  England?  When  was  the  name 

applied  to  Britain  as  a  whole?     How  was  the  word  at  first 

spelled? 813,  45 

Give  three  facts  which  distinguish  the  reign  of  Alfred  the  Great .  70,  395 

Who  was  Dunstan?  What  power  did  he  exert? 70,  46 

Where  was  Glastonbury  abbey? 816 

Mention  the  principal  changes  brought  about  during  the  reign 

of  the  Anglo-Saxon  kings 46 

Danish  Kings 

Who  succeeded  the  Anglo-Saxons  in  1017? 150 

Name  the  Danish  kings  in  order  of  their  reign.     How  long  did 

they  rule? 150 

What  countries  besides  England  were  ruled  by  Canute? 46,  72 

Characterize  the  reign  of  Canute 415 

24 


Saxon  Kings 

Under  what  king  was  the  Saxon  power  restored  in  1042? 46, 150 

Name  the  Saxon  kings  and  state  how  long  they  ruled 150 

What  was  the  character  of  the  reign  of  Edward  the  Confessor? .  46,  429 
What  abbey  was  built  during  the  reign  of  Edward  the  Confessor? .     579 

Norman  Kings 

Whovwas  the  first  Norman  king?    What  was  his  claim  to  the 

throne? 150,  502 

By  what  battle  did  William  the  Conqueror  gain  the  English 

throne,  and  on  what  date  was  he  crowned? 502 

What  was  the  character  of  the  reign  of  William  the  Conqueror?.  502 

Name  the  Norman  kings.  Give  period  of  their  rule 150 

What  is  meant  by  the  feudal  system?  When  was  it  introduced 

into  England? 110,  74 

What  was  the  Domesday  book? 353 

Describe  the  tower  of  London.  For  what  was  it  used  in  early 

times? 163 

By  what  name  was  William  II  commonly  known?  Give  meaning 

of  the  name 46,  838 

What  events  characterize  the  reign  of  Henry  I? 46,  445 

To  whom  did  Henry  I  will  the  crown? 46 

How  did  Stephen  attain  to  the  English  throne? 46 

What  were  the  tournaments  and  when  were  they  introduced 

into  England? 163 

What  was  the  effect  of  the  Norman  conquest  on  the  English 

language? 185-186 

The  Plantagenets 

Who  was  the  first  Plantagenet  king?    Explain  his  right  to  the 

throne 46-47 

Name  the  Plantagenet  kings  in  order  of  succession.  How  long 

did  they  reign?  Why  were  they  called  Plantagenets?.150-151,  835 

What  were  the  inherited  possessions  of  Henry  II? 47 

Give  the  most  important  events  of  the  reign  of  Henry  II 445 

What  religious  controversy  arose  between  Henry  II  and 

Thomas  a  Becket? 47,  404 

Mention  the  circumstances  in  connection  with  the  death  of 

Thomas  a  Becket 404 

In  whose  reign  was  Ireland  added  to  England? 76,  150,  445 

By  what  name  was  Richard  I  popularly  known? 151,  47 

What  were  the  crusades?  Who  led  the  third  crusade? 38,  47 

Who  attempted  to  take  Richard  I's  throne? 47 

25 


Outline  the  principal  events  in  the  reign  of  John 47 

What  was  the  Magna  Charta?    In  whose  reign  was  it  signed? 

Give  the  date 827,  47 

What  circumstances  led  to  the  granting  of  the  Magna  Charta?.       47 

By  whom  was  the  Magna  Charta  declared  void? 47 

What  was  the  character  of  the  reign  of  Henry  III?. 47 

When  was  the  so-called* "mad  parliament"? 47,  76 

To  whom  is  the  origin  of  the  house  of  commons  due?    In  what 

battle  was  he  slain? 47 

What  was  the  cause  of  the  battle  of  Lewes?    What  was  its  effect 

upon  Henry  Ill's  reign? 47,  445 

In  whose  reign  was  Westminster  abbey  as  it  now  stands  begun? .  579 
In  whose  reign  did  the  first  regular  parliament  meet  and  of  what 

did  it  consist? 47,  76 

What  nickname  was  given  Edward  I? 429 

When  was  Wales  annexed  to  England?    Give  meaning  of  word 

Wales 47,  76,  846 

Name  two  contestants  for  the  throne  of  Scotland  during  the 

reign  of  Edward  1 76,  429 

What  part  did  Edward  I  take  in  the  struggle  for  the  Scottish 

*    throne? 429,  47 

What  legislative  reforms  took  place  in  the  reign  of  Edward  I?.  47 
In  what  year  was  Robert  Bruce  proclaimed  king  of  Scotland? ...  78 
In  whose  reign  did  Scotland  gain  her  independence?  By  what 

battle?     Give  date 47 

Sketch  briefly  the  life  of  Robert  Bruce 412 

What  title  was  first  conferred  upon  Edward  II? 429 

What  was  the  fate  of  Edward  II? 48,  429 

Contrast  the  reign  of  Edward  III  with  that  of  Edward  II 48,  47 

Give  the  cause  of  the  hundred  years'  war.     How  long  did  it 

last?     Who  was  king  of  England  when  it  began? 118,  151 

Give  an  account  of  the  battle  of  Crecy.     Name  two  other  battles 

won  by  Edward  III 527,  48 

Upon  what  condition  did  Edward  III  receive  the  west  of  France? .  48 
Who  succeeded  Edward  III?  What  was  his  age  at  the  time  of  his 

accession? .  . 151 

What  was  Wat  Tyler's  insurrection? 48 

Under  what  circumstances  was  Richard  II  deposed?     From  what 

noted  house  was  his  successor  chosen? 48,  151 

During  the  reign  of  what  Plantagenet  king  was  the  scene  of 

"Ivanhoe"  laid? 363 

About  what  time  was  gunpowder  first  used  by  the  English? 78 

Name  two  inventions  ascribed  to  Roger  Bacon 402 

Mention  three  noted  English  writers  of  the  14th  century 298 

26 


House  of  Lancaster 

Name  the  kings  of  the 'house  of  Lancaster,  and  give  period  of 

reign 151 

Who  was  the  rightful  heir  to  the  throne  at  the  time  of  the 

accession  of  Henry  IV? 48 

From  what  Plantagenet  king  was  Henry  IV  descended? 151 

Who  were  the  Lollards? 48 

Under  whose  reign  were  heretics  first  burned  in  England? ....  48 

What  foreign  erown  was  claimed  by  Henry  V? 48,  78 

In  what  war  was  the  battle  of  Agincourt?  By  whom  was  it 

won?  Give  date 138,  78 

What  were  the  provisions  of  the  treaty  of  Troyes? 48 

How  old  was  Henry  VI  when  he  was  crowned  king? 151,  48 

Give  an  account  of  the  life  of  Joan  of  Arc.  How  did  she  aid 

France  in  the  hundred  years'  war? 399,  22,  81 

Describe  Cade's  rebellion 33 

What  was  the  only  French  possession  retained  by  the  English 

at  the  close  of  the  hundred  years'  war? 118,  138 

Give  the  cause  of  the  wars  of  the  roses.  Why  were  they  so  called?  48 
For  how  many  years  did  the  wars  of  the  roses  continue?  Name 

the  principal  battles  fought 48,  138 

House  of  York 

Who  was  the  first  king  of  the  house  of  York?    How  did  he 

obtain  the  throne? 151,  48 

Name  the  kings  of  the  house  of  York  and  give  the  period  of 

their  reign 151 

What  influence  had  the  earl  of  Warwick  upon  the  reign  of 

Edward  IV? 498,  80 

What  term  is  sometimes  applied  to  the  earl  of  Warwick? 498 

How  long  did  Edward  V  reign?  What  were  the  circumstances 

of  his  death? 48,  429 

How  did  Richard  III  obtain  the  crown? 48,  480 

What  battle  closed  the  wars  of  the  roses?  What  English  king  was 

killed  in  this  battle? 48,  480 

Who  published  the  first  printed  book  in  England? 299,  417 

House  of  Tudor 

By  the  accession  of  what  English  king  were  the  houses  of  Lan- 
caster and  York  united?  He  was  the  first  of  what  line  of 
kings? 48, 151 

Why  were  the  Tudor  kings  so  called? 165 

27 


Name  the  IFudor  kings  in  order  of  succession.    How  long  did 

they  rule? 151 

What  was  the  "star  chamber"?  In  whose  reign  was  it  revived?.  158 

What  was  Poyning's  law  and  when  was  it  passed? 121 

How  many  times  was  Henry  VIII  married? 49 

Who  was  Cardinal  Wolsey? 503 

What  was  the  most  important  event  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII? 

What  was  its  cause? .  .49,  445 

How  did  Henry  VIII  secure  for  himself  the  position  as  head  of 

the  English  church? 49 

What  king  of  Scotland  was^killed  in  the  battle  of  Flodden?  In 

what  year? , 154,  80 

What  king  of  England  assumed  the  title  of  .king  of  Ireland?. . .  121 
Name  the  three  children  of  Henry  VIII  who  succeeded  him  to 

the  throne 151,  49 

Sketch  briefly  the  reign  of  Edward  VI.  How  long  did  he  reign? .  49,  151 
What  led  to  the  execution  of  Lady  Jane  Grey?  In  whose  reign 

was  she  beheaded? 49,  82, 151 

What  were  the  religious  conditions  during  the  reign  of  Mary? ...  82,  463 

Who  was  Thomas  Cranmer?  Nicholas  Ridley? 423,  480 

Explain  the  claim  of  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  tojthe  English  throne 

at  the  time  Elizabeth  became  queen 463 

Whose  daughter  was  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots? 463, 154 

What  was  the  Spanish  armada  and  when  was  it  destroyed? 21,  82 

What  were  the  achievements  of  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  during  the 

reign  of   Elizabeth?    What   colony  did   he  name  for  the 

queen? 479 

In  what  year  was  the  first  newspaper  published  in  England? 82 

Mention  three  writers  of  the  Elizabethan  age 299 

During  whose  reign  was  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  beheaded,  and 

why? 463 

Who  succeeded  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  as  ruler  of  Scotland? 154 

House  of  Stuart 

What  house  of  kings  succeeded  the  Tudor  line? 151 

Name  the  kings  of  the  house  of  Stuart?  How  long  did  the 

Stuarts  reign? 151 

Of  what  country  was  James  I  already  king  when  he  became 

king  of  England?    What  countries  were  thus  united  under 

one  sovereign? 49,  82,  449,  590 

What  is  meant  by  the  "divine  right  of  kings"?  What  influence 

had  this  claim  upon  the  reign  of  James  I? 42,  49 

28 


Who  was  the  head  of  the  conspiracy  known  as  the  gunpowder 

plot?  Explain  the  plot 117 

When  and  where  was  the  first  English  settlement  made  in  Amer- 
ica? For  what  English  king  was  the  colony  named? .  168,  82,  822 

Give  the  date  of  the  King  James  version  of  the  Bible 300 

Upon  what  charge  was  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  executed? 479 

In  what  year  did  the  Pilgrims  sail  for  America?  Give  name  of 

the  vessel 82 

What  province  of  Ireland  was  seized  by  James  I?  By  whom 

was  it  settled? 121 

Who  discovered  the  circulation  of  the  blood?  Name  the  king 

of  England  at  that  time 82,  151 

Sketch  the  trouble  between  parliament  and  the  king  in  the  reign 

of  Charles  1 49,  418 

By  what  parliament  was  the  "star  chamber"  abolished?  In  what 

respect  did  it  violate  the  Magna  Charta? 158 

Mention  the  leading  battles  and  chief  leaders  of  the  English 

civil  war 139 

What  were  Cromwell's  ironsides? 122 

Sketch  the  principal  facts  in  the  life  of  Oliver  Cromwell 423 

In  what  manner  did  Cromwell  secure  the  execution  of  Charles  I?  423 

When  and  where  was  Charles  I  beheaded? 418 

What  was  the  result  of  the  English  civil  war  between  king  and 

parliament? 139 

Under  what  leader  was  the  common  wealth  "established? 84,  49 

Describe  the  political  conditions  which  existed  during  the  early 

years  of  the  commonwealth 49 

Mention  two  battles  in  which  Cromwell  defeated  the  Scottish 

royalists 423 

When  and  how  did  Cromwell  dissolve  the  "long  parliament"?  .  .423,  49 
What  title  was  conferred  upon  Cromwell  by  "Barebone's  par-  * 

liament"? 49 

Whom  did  George  Monk  proclaim  as  the  successor  of  Oliver 

Cromwell? 467 

In  what  year  did  the  commonwealth  begin?  When  was  the  - 

house  of  Stuart  restored? 84, 151 

Who  brought  about  the  restoration  of  the  Stuarts  under  Charles 

II? 418,  467 

What  great  legislative  act  particularly  distinguished  the  reign 

of  Charles  II? 418,  50,  84 

Who  were  the  covenanters?  The  dissenters? 38,  709 

When  was  the  great  fire  in  London? v  84 

Give  the  characteristics  of  the  reign  of  James  II 50 

29 


Who  were  the  tories?  The  whigs? 163 

By  whom  was  James  II  driven  i'/om  his  kingdom? 449 

By  what  authority  did  William  III  become  king?  Who  ruled 

jointly'with  him? 50, 151 

Over  whom  did  William  III  gain  a  victory  at  the  battle  oT  the 

Boyne?  Give  date  of  battle 502,  84 

To  whom  was  the  term  "Orangemen"  applied? 832 

In  whose  reign  was  the  bank  of  England  founded?  Give  date. .  84,  151 

Mention  some  provisions  of  the  "declaration  of  rights" 50 

What  was  the  "toleration  act"? 162,  50 

Explain  the  purpose  of  the  grand  alliance  formed  by  William 

III.  What  advantage  did  the  alliance  give  England  dur- 
ing Queen  Anne's  reign? 50 

State  some  facts  about  the  first  duke  of  Marlborough 50,  463 

Mention  two  battles  won  by  the  duke  of  Marlborough.  Which 

one  of  these  is  one  of  the  decisive  battles  of  the  world's 

history? 50,  22 

When  was  the  war  of  the  Spanish  succession?  What  great 

fortress  was  taken  by  the  English  during  that  war? . .  139,  84,  533 
When  were  England  and  Scotland  united  as  The  United  Kingdom 

of  Great  Britain? 50,  86 

Give  the  date  of  the  first  united  parliament  of  Great  Britain ....  86 
What  territories  did  England  gain  by  the  treaty  of  Utrecht?.  .50,  165 
Describe  St.  Paul's  cathedral.  -When  was  it  rebuilt  and  at  what 

cost? 571 

Who  was  the  architect  of  St.  Paul's  cathedral?  Where  is  he 

buried? 571,  503 

Under  what  ruler  did  England  adopt  the  "Union  Jack"  as  the 

national  flag?  Give  the  origin  of  the  term 852 

What  progress  in  science  was  made  by  Sir  Isaac  Newton? 470 

What  name  is  given  to  the  age  of  English  literature  of  the  period 

of  Queen  Anne? 398 

What  religious  persecution  did  John  Banyan  suffer  during  the 

reign  of  the  Stuarts? 413 

House  of  Hanover 

What  house  of  kings  succeeded  the  house  of  Stuart?  Why  were 

they  so  called? 50 

Name  the  kings  of  the  house  of  Hanover.  How  long  did  the 

house  of  Hanover  rule? 151 

What  was  the  south  sea  bubble? 841,  50 

What  influence  did  Sir  Robert  Walpole  exert  on  the  reigns  of 

George  I  and  George  II? 50 

30 


In  what  wars  did  George  II  take  an  active  part? 50-51,  13$ 

What  treaty  closed  the  war  of  the  Austrian  succession? 51,  164 

Who  was  William  Pitt?  What  important  position  did  he  hold? .  .477,  51 

What  is  meant  by  the  black  hole  of  Calcutta? 777 

ID  the  reign  of  George  II  what  changes  were  made  in  the  calendar?  51 

When  was  Canada  formally  ceded  to  Great  Britain? 34 

When  was  Great  Britain  at  war  with  the  American  colonies? 

What  was  the  result  of  this  war? 86,  51 

What  led  to  the  impeachment  of  Warren  Hastings?  In  whose 

reign  did  it  occur? , 443,  86,  151 

What  caused  the  war  between  England  and  France  in  1793? ....  52 
What  brilliant  naval  victory  was  won  by  the  English  in  1805? .  52,  88 
Give  some  facts  about  Horatio  Nelson.  In  what  battle  was  he 

killed? 470 

What  were  the  Berlin  decrees? 52 

Describe  the  battle  of  Waterloo.  Give  leaders,  date,  and  result.  1 179 

Of  what  particular  importance  is  the  battle  of  Waterloo? 22 

With  what  country  did  Great  Britain  engage  in  war  in  1812? .  .  88 
In 'what  year  was  the  legislative  union  of  Great  Britain  and 

Ireland  consummated? 122 

When  was  the  spinning  machine  first  used  in  England? 86 

Give  the  year  in  which  iron  railways  were  first  used  in  England. 

Steam  carriages 88 

When  was  gas  *first  used  for  lighting  the  streets  of  London? ....  88 
What  important  medical  discovery  was  made  by  Edward  Jenner? 

Give  date 450 

Name  important  inventions  made  by  the  following:  Arkwright, 

Crompton,  Watt 399-499,  668 

Mention  some  of  the  reforms  of  the  reign  of  George  IV 52 

What  was  accomplished  by  the  reform  bill  of  1832? 52 

During  whese  reign  did  Great  Britain  abolish  negro  slavery?. 52,  151 
Sketch  briefly  the  main  facts  in  the  life  of  Queen  Victoria. . . .  497 
Of  what  political  party  was  Sir  Robert  Peel  the  leader?  Under 

what  name  did  he  reorganize  this  party? 52,  475 

Upon  whose  recommendation  and  in  what  year  were  the  English 

corn  laws  repealed?    In  what  part  of  the  empire  did  severe 

famine  exist? 52,  90 

Upon  what  plea  did  Great  Britain  become  involved  in  the  Crimean 

war?  What  alliance  was  formed  against  Russia? 52-53 

Give  leading  battles,  chief  leaders,  and  period  of  the  Crimean 

war 139,  38 

In  what  year  was  the  government  of  India  transferred  to  the 

British  crown? 53 

31 


Give  chief  events  in  the  lives  of  the  following:  Gladstone,  Disraeli, 

Cecil  Rhodes 438,  428,  480 

When  was  the  first  Atlantic  cable  laid? 670,  92 

In  what  year  were  the  British  North-American  colonies  united 

as  the  Dominion  of  Canada? 34,  53 

Give  the  dates  of  two  Irish  land  acts  passed  during  Gladstone's 

administration  as  prime  minister 53 

Upon  what  queen  was  the  title  of  empress  of  India  first  conferred? .  53,  94 
What  were  the  causes  of  the  Boer  war.?  How  long  did  it  last? .  53,  27-29 
Mention  five  writers  of  the  Victorian  age  of  English  literature. .  303 

House  of  Saxe-Coburg 

Show  how  the  name  Saxe-Coburg  is  applied  to  the  successors  of 

Queen  Victoria 497 

Name  the  first  king  of  the  house  of  Saxe-Coburg.  The  present 

•king.  When  did  the  reign  of  each  begin? 151,  605 

When  and  by  whom  was  the  name  of  the  royal  house  of  England 

changed  from  Saxe-Coburg  to  Windsor? . , 151 

Who  became  premier  of  England  in  1902?  What  policy  did  he 

oppose  in  1903? 53,  402 

What  measures  were  proposed  by  Rt.  Hon.  Joseph  Chamberlain 

in  1903? 417 

Who  succeeded  Balfour  as  prime  minister  of  England?  In  what 

year? ' ; 53,  415 

When  did  Asquith  become  prime  minister  of  England?  What 

wage  bill  did  he  introduce? 53,  400 

Mention  two  important  measures  of  which  Lloyd  George  is  the 

author 458 

In  what  year  was  the  old  age  pension  act  passed?  The  mini- 
mum wage  bill? 53,  94 

What  important  bill  in  behalf  of  Ireland  passed  Parliament  in 

1914?. 122 

Of  what  does  the  present  British  parliament  consist? 690 

Name  the  countries  composing  the  United  Kingdom 534-535 

When  and  how  were  Wales,  Scotland,  and  Ireland  acquired  by 

England? 534-535 

Name  the  deposed  kings  of  England 41 

What  ruler  of  England  ruled  the  greatest  number  of  years? 151 


32 


AMERICAN  HISTORY 

Name  five  Norsemen  who  visited  America  in  the  10th  and  llth 

centuries.     In   what  early   writings   are  accounts  of   their 

voyages  found? 98,  168,  146 

Tell  what  you  eaa  about  Eric  the  Red 431, 98 

To  wha*  part  of  North  America  was  the  name  Vinland  given? 

What  discoverer  is  believed  to  have  named  it?    When  did 

he  land? 386,  146, 168 

When  and  where  was  Christopher  Columbus  born?  State  has 

early  occupation,  the  voyage  of  discovery  he  planned  to  make, 

the  years  of  waiting,  the  attitude  of  Queen  Isabella  towards 

his  project 421,  448 

Give  tiise  date  <m  which  Columbus  discovered  America,  and  name 

the  place  at  which  he  first  landed.     What  does  San  Salvador 

mean?, 421, 839 

From  "wiiat  country  did  Cotamfooas  sail?  What  large  island  did 

be  discover?  How  many  voyages  did  he  make? 98,  81O,  421 

Give  an  account  of  tfee  voyages  of  John  and  Sebastian  Cabot. 

Wlaat  land  was  discovered  by  each?  Give  dates 1<68,  414,  98 

Who  was  Amerigo  Vespucci?  What  claims  <Kd  he  make  m 

regard  t©  his  discoveries? 996 

When,  for  whom,  and  by  whom  was  America  named? 799,  396 

By  whom  was  Florida  discovered?  In  what  year?  Why  was 

the  name  Florida  chosen? $8, 477, 815 

Name  the  discoverer  of  the  Pacific  ocean.  Where  did  be  plant 

a -colony?. , 98,  402 

By  whom  was  Mexico  discovered?  By  whom  was  it  conquered? 

Give  details  of  tbe  conquest -98, 423 

When  was  Panama  settled?  What  does  the  name  Panama 

mean?  By  wiioo^was  the  ei<ty  of  Panama  founded?,  .98,  833,,  5S2 
What  was  the  nationality  of  Jaeques  Cartier?  In  whose  name 

did  he  claim  North  America?    Why  was  the  gulf  of  St. 

Lawrence  so  named? 416, 34,  839 

Name  a  discovery  made  by  De  Soto.  Give  the  date.  How 

far  did  he  explore  the  country?. . , 427,  168 

Who  founded  the  city  of  St.  Augustine,  Florida?  In  what 

year?  For  what  historical  fact  is  it  noted? 98,  838, 168 

When  was  Santa  Fe"  founded?  What  is  the  meaning  of  its  name?.  839 
Where  did  Sir  Walter  Raleigh's  exped  ition  plant  a  colony?  In 

what  year  was  this  settlement  made?     Wliat  name  was 

given  to  the  territo^? 168, 98, 179 


What  English  colony  did  Sir  Francis  Drake  visit?  Name  a 

naval  achievement  for  which  he  is  celebrated 98,  428 

For  whom  was  the  city  of  Raleigh  named?    When  was  it  settled? .     837 

Mention  the  first  Englishman  to  visit  Massachusetts.  What 

part  of  the  coast  did  he  discover? 132,  98 

Connect  an  important  discovery  with  each  of  these  dates:  1492, 

1497,  1534 98 

Name  the  oldest  European  settlement  on  the  American  continent. 
The  oldest  in  the  United  States.  The  oldest  permanent 
English  settlement  in  America 552,  168 

Give  the  name  of  the  first  English  child  born  in  America.  The 

first  white  child  born  in  New  England 98 

The  Period  of  Colonization 

To  what  company  did  James  I  grant  a  charter  for  the  territory 
known  as  Virginia?  What  was  the  extent  of  their  terri- 
tory?   179 

When  did  the  English  make  their  first  permanent  settlement  at 
Jamestown,  Va.?  Why  did  they  call  the  place  James- 
town?  98,  822 

Give  an  account  of  the  life  of  Capt.  John  Smith.    6f  Poca- 

hontas 489,  477,  179 

By  whom  were  the  first  slaves  brought  to  Virginia?    When? . .        98 

When  and  by  whom  was  Quebec  settled?    Are  any  Canadian 

cities  older  than  Quebec? 98,  562 

Give  the  population  of  Virginia  in  1641 179 

Who  became  governor  of  Virginia  in  1642?    What  was  the  cause 

of  Baeon's  rebellion?    When  did  it  occur? 99,  179 

In  what  year  was  Maryland  settled?     By  whom?     When  was  an 

act  of  religious  toleration  passed? 98,  168, 131 

When  was  the  city  of  Baltimore  founded?    For  whom  was  it 

named? 131,  801 

What  is  Mason  and  Dixon's  line?    When  was  it  adopted? 132,  131 

Trace  the  history  of  the  name  Carolina  as  applied  to  North  and 

South  Carolina 806 

Name  the  first  settlement  in  South  Carolina.    Give  date.  Until 

what  date  were  the  two  Carolinas  united? 155,  99 

For  what  is  John  Locke  known  to  Americans? 458 

Name  the  first  settlement  in  Georgia.    Who  made  it?    After 

whom  was  Georgia  named? 624,  113,  472 

When  and  by  whom  was  the  first  settlement  within  the  state  of 
New  Jersey  made?  Where?  Of  what  state  was  New  Jersey 

originally  a  part? 135,  624 

34 


Explain  the  circumstances  which  led  to  the  granting  of  a  separate 

constitution   for   New   Jersey.     Why   was   New   Jersey   so 

named? 135,  831 

When  was  Plymouth,  Mass.,  founded?    State  the  origin  of  its 

name 168,  835 

Tell  what  people  settled  Plymouth,  from  what  country  they 

came,  and  the  name  of  the  ship  in  which  they  sailed.    Who 

was  their  leader? 132,  168,  98 

Name  the  first  governor  of  the  Plymouth  colony.     The  second . .       98 
Sketch  the  life  of  Miles  Standish.     In  what  way  was  he  helpful 

to  the  Plymouth  colony? 490 

In  what  historic  poem  by  Longfellow  is  Priscilla  a  character?  Tell 

the  story  of  the  poem 376 

What  company  sent  John  Endicott  to  America?    What  settle- 
ments were  planted  by  his  expedition? 132 

When  and  by  whom  was  Salem  settled?     Boston?    Give  the 

origin  of  both  names 168,  839,  803 

Who  were  the  first  and  second  governors  of   Massachusetts 

'  colony?     What  influence  did  the  second  exert? 98,  503 

Why  was  Roger  Williams  banished  from  Massachusetts? 502 

In  what  year  was  Harvard  college  founded?     By  whom? 98,  443 

By  whom  and  where  was  the  first  printing  press  established  in 

the  British  American  colonies?    In  what  year? 98 

In  what  part  of  America  did  King  Philip's  war  take  place?    How 

long  did  it  last?  Give  dates.  Who  was  King  Philip?. .  .168,  476 
Mention  two  colonies  which  were  affected  by  King  Philip's  war. . .  132, 146 
When  did  Massachusetts  lose  her  charter?  When  was  a  new 

charter  issued?    Name  two  colonies  united  in  1692 132 

Who  was  at  the  head  of  the  Plymouth  company  which  made  unsuc- 
r     cessful  attempts  to  settle  the  Maine  region?    Between  what 

parallels  did  this  territory  he? 131 

When  were  the  first  two  settlements  made  in  New  Hampshire? 

Name  them 135, 168 

When  was  Maine  first  set  apart?    To  whom  was  its  charter 

granted? 131 

Why  was  New  Hampshire  so  named?    Maine? 831,  827 

Under  the  jurisdiction  of  what  province  did  Maine  and  New 

Hampshire    fall?    When    did    New    Hampshire    become    a 

separate  province? 168,  131,  135 

Name  two  countries  claiming  the  Connecticut  territory.    Which 

finally  secured  it? 37 

Where  and  by  whom  were  the  first  three  settlements  made  in 

Connecticut?    Give  dates 37 

35 


By  whom  was  the  city  of  New  Haven  founded? 37 

Give  the  date  of  the  first  constitution  of  Connecticut.  Why  is  thia 

constitution  worthy  of  special  mention? 98,  37 

Tell  the  story  of  the  charter  oak.  Where  was  it?  Who  was 

governor  at  that  time?     What  action  was  he  endeavoring 

to  take? .35,  37 

Give  an  account  of  the  settling  of  Rhode  Island,  with  date.  Name 

the  first   settlement   in   the   state.       Mention   three   later 

settlements  in  Rhode  Island 98,  146, 168 

When  did  Hendrik  Hudson  explore  the  river  which  bears  his 

name?  By  whom  was  he  employed? 135 

By  whom  was  New  York  state  first  settled?  Where?  When? . .  135,  98 
State  the  extent  of  the  territory  called  New  Netherland.  Into 

the  possession  of  what  company  did  it  soon  pass? 135 

When  and  by  whom  was  Albany  settled?  Under  what  name? .  .  168,  135 
How  did  the  Dutch  acquire  Manhattan  island?  Who  was  their 

governor  at  that  time? 135 

When  did  Peter  Stuyvesant  become  governor  of  New  Amsterdam?.  99 
On  what  grounds  did  the  English  claim  New  Netherland?  How 

were  these  claims  enforced? 135, 168 

Give  the  date  upon  which  New  Amsterdam  became  New  York. 

For  whom  was  New  York  named? 135,  168 

State  the  nationality  of  the  first  settlers  of  Delaware.  By  whom 

were  they  driven  out?    To   what  country  was  Delaware 

next  subjected? 39 

To  whom  did  the  English  sell  Delaware?  With  what  state  was 

it  governed  until  the  revolution?     For  whom  was  Delaware 

named? 39,  811 

Who  colonized  Pennsylvania?  Give  date.  State  five  important 

facts  concerning  the  settlement  of  Pennsylvania 140-141 

Tell  some  facts  about  William  Penn.  What  city  did  he  found? 

What  does  its  name  mean? 475,  140,  834 

Where  did  each  of  the  following  make  explorations:  Marquette? 

Joliet?  La  Salle? . . 99,  456, 130 

By  whom  was  New  Orleans  founded?  When? 130,  99 

Name  three  wars  between  the  French  and  the  English  from  1692  to 

1748.  What  was  the  principal  event  of  King  George's  war? .  168,  99 
When  did  the  French  and  Indian  war  begin?  Name  six  of  its 

prominent  events 168 

Who  won  the  battle  of  Fort  Duquesne?  Give  facts  about  the 

English  commander 99,  410 

Mention  two  generals  killed  in  the  battle  of  Quebec.  State 

which  army  was  victorious k 99,  467,  503 

36 


What  country  was  called  Acadia?  Where  were  the  Acadians 
taken  in  1755?  When  was  Acadia  ceded  to  the  British? 
797,  99-100,  343 

By  what  treaty  was  the  French  and  Indian  war  ended?  To 

what  countries  did  France  cede  Canada  and  Louisiana?.  168, 34,  130 

When  did  Franklin  discover  electricity? 86,  99 

Name  in  the  order  in  which  they  were  settled  the  thirteen  original 
colonies.  Give  the  dates  of  settlement  of  Virginia,  New 
York,  Massachusetts,  Maryland 624 

Mention  an  important  event  in  the  history  of  British  America 
that  occurred  during  1620.  Of  French  America.  Of 
Spanish  America 98 

Explain  what  is  meant  by  the  Mecklenburg  declaration 132 

What  were  the  Blue  Laws?  In  what  state  and  in  what  year 

were  they  compiled? 27 

The  Revolutionary  Period 

Who  became  king  of  England  in  1760? 151 

State  the  sentiment  of  th#  colonies  after  the  close  of  the  French 

and  Indian  war.  What  were  "writs  of  assistance"? 169 

When  was  the  stamp  act  passed?  Tell  of  its  provisions  and 

how  it  was  received  by  the  colonists 169 

In  what  city  did  delegates  assemble  to  resist  the  stamp  act? 

Give  details  of  the  action  taken  by  the  congress 100f  169 

When  was  the  stamp  act  repealed?  By  what  other  taxes  was  it 

followed? 169 

Describe  the  Boston  massacre.  The  Boston  tea  party 169 

What  were  the  provisions  of  the  Boston  port  bill? 169 

Give  the  date  of  the  first  continental  congress.  Where  did  it 

meet?    How     many     colonies     were     represented?    What 

action  was  taken? 169 

State  some  facts  about  John  Hancock 442 

Who  warned  the  people  of  Lexington  of  the  British  attack? 

Describe  the  battle  of  Lexington 130,  480 

Give  the  exact  date  of  the  battle  of  Lexington.  Tell  why  this 

battle  was  of  so  great  importance 169,  130,  100 

Mention  the  important  conquests  made  by  Ethan  Allen.  .169,  396,  162 
Relate  in  detail  the  proceedings  of  the  second  continental  con- 
gress   169 

In  what  year  was  George  Washington  appointed  commander- 

in-chief  of  the  American  forces? 100r  169 

Describe  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill 32, 169 

Mention  an  important  event  of  March  17,  1776 169,  519 

37 


When  and  where  was  the  declaration  of  independence  adopted? 

By  whom  was  it  written? 100,  169 

Give  in  substance  the  first,  second,  and  last  paragraphs  of  the 
declaration  of  independence.     Name  five  of  the  prominent 

signers 599-600 

When  was  the  first  United  States  flag  unfurled?     Explain  the 
origin  of  the  stars  and  stripes.     When  was  the  flag  adopted 

by  congress?     Who  called  the  flag  "Old  Glory"? 100,  789,  110 

Give  the  history  of  the  liberty  bell 794 

What  was  the  result  of  the  battle  of  Long  Island?    Of  White 

Plains?     What  is  meant  by  Washington's  retreat? 169 

How  did  Washington  spend  Christmas  night,  1776? 169 

What  part  did  each  of  the  following  take  in  the  revolution: 

Cornwallis?    Lafayette?    Kosciusko? 422-455 

Name  an  American  city  taken  by  the  British  forces  in  1777. . .  100,  170 
Name  the  commanders  at  the  battle  of  Saratoga.     What  was 

the  result  of  this  battle? 170,  413,  436 

Mention  three  battles  of  1777  in  whi«h  Gen.  Burgoyne  partici- 
pated      170 

Give  the  date  of  Burgoyne's  surrender  at  Saratoga.    Why  is 

Saratoga  one  of  the  decisive  battles  of  history? 170,  22 

Where  is  Valley  Forge?    For  what  is  it  noted? 845, 179 

State  which  army  was  victorious  at  each  of  the  following  battles: 
Monmouth,   Savannah,   Stony  Point,   Charleston,   Camden, 

King's  Mountain 170,  11-19 

Give  three   important    facts    concerning  the  life   of  Anthony 

Wayne.     When  was  the  battle  of  Stony  Point? 499,  18 

What   brilliant   service   did   Paul   Jones   render   the   American 

colonists? 100,  170,  452 

Tell  the  history  of  Major  Andr6  and  Benedict  Arnold . . .  397,  399, 100 
In  what  part  of  the  country  were  most  of  the  military  operations 

of  1781?     Under  what  commander? 170 

Mention  three  battles  of  1781  in  the  South 170 

What  was  the  last  battle  of  the  revolution?    Give  date  and 

place  of  Cornwallis'  surrender 170,  100 

In  what  year  were  the  articles  of  confederation  adopted  by  the 
thirteen   colonies?    When   were   they  ratified?    When   did 

they  go  into  effect? 100,  586, 170 

In  what  city  and  in  what  year  was  the  bank  of  North  America 

established?    Give  facts  about  Robert  Morris 100,  468,  652 

By  what  treaty  was  the  revolution  cl^ed? 100,  164 

Give  an  account  of  Shays's  rebellion 100,  154 


In  what  year  did  the  constitutional  convention  assemble  at 
Philadelphia?  When  was  the  constitution  adopted?  When 
did  it  become  effective? 100,  170,  59< 

Show  why  the  achievements  of  the  following  entitle  them  to 
be  ranked  as  noted  Americans:  Benjamin  Franklin,  Patrick 
Henry,  Thomas  Jefferson,  Samuel  Adams,  John  Jay 394450 

In  what  year  was  the  independence  of  the  United  States  recognized 

by  Holland?  When  by  Denmark?  Sweden?  Spain?  Russia?.  100 

The  Development  of  the  Union 

Who  was  the  first  president  of  the  United  States?     In  what 

year  was  he  elected?  How  long  did  he  serve? 101,  144-145 

Give  a  brief  account  of  the  life  of  George  Washington 498 

To  what  political  party  did  Washington  belong?  State  the 
number  of  candidates  for  president  of  the  United  States 
in  1789 144-145,  618 

On   what   date   was   Washington  inaugurated?     In  what   city? 

How  was  the  date  of  inauguration  chosen? 170,  794 

Of  how  many  departments  did  Washington's  cabinet  consist? 
Name  them.  Give  the  names  of  the  members  of  Washington's 
cabinet  in  1789 636-638 

Which  member  of  Washington's  cabinet  planned  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  United  States  bank?  Tell  something  of  his  lif  e .  652,  442 

Where  did  the  first  congress  of  the  United  States  meet?  When?.  101,  794 

Name  three  states  admitted  to  the  Union  during  Washington's 

administration 101 

During  whose  administration  as  president  was  the  United  States 
supreme  court  organized?  The  first  census  enumeration 
ordered?  The  first  tariff  bill  passed? 101 

Who  laid  the  cornerstone  of  the  United  States  capitol?    When 

was  the  capital  removed  from  Philadelphia  to  Washington? .     101 

By   whom   was   the   cotton-gin   invented?    State   some   facts 

about  the  inventor 101,  501 

Name  two  political  parties  existing  in  Washington's  time,  and 

state  their  views 171 

Name  the  second  president  of  the  United  States.    How  was  the 

vice-president  chosen? 101,  171 

Explain  the  alien  and  sedition  laws.  With  what  country  was 
the  United  States  having  trouble  at  the  time  these-  laws 
were  passed? 171 

Was  John  Adams  a  popular  president?    Give  reasons 171 

What  president  was  elected  by  the  house  of  representatives  in 

1800?    Why? 17J 


Why  was  the  twelfth  amendment  to  the  constitution  adopted? 

What  are  its  provisions? 171,  598 

Under  whose  administration  was  the  District  of  Columbia 

established? 101 

Give  an  account  of  the  purchase  of  Louisiana,  telling  from  what 

nation  it  was  purchased,  the  price  paid,  and  the  date  of 

the  transaction 171,  101,  130 

Name  two  explorers  who  traveled  through  Oregon  and  Wash- 
ington, 1804-1806.  By  whom  were  fur  traders  sent  to  these 

territories? 140,  179 

Give  an  account  of  Aaron  Burr's  conspiracy.  What  office  did 

he  hold  under  President  Jefferson? 171,  414,  101 

Who  built  the  Clennont?  When  did  she  make  her  first  trip 

from  New  York  to  Albany?  What  was  her  rate  of  speed? .  101,  435 
Explain  the  embargo  act  and  the  conditions  that  led  to  it.  When 

was  it  passed?  When  was  it  repealed? ,  ,171,  101 

Name  two  important  events  of  Adams's  administration.  Of 

Jefferson's 101 

Against  what  country  did  the  United  States  declare  war  in 

1812?  Review  the  causes  of  this  war 101, 171 

Mention  four  naval  engagements  in  1812.  Compare  results  of 

the  battles  on  the  land  with  those  on  the  water 101, 171 

Describe  fully  the  battle  of  Lake  Erie.  What  fact  did  this 

battle  establish? 126,  476 

What  were  the  results  of  the  battles  at  Chippewa  and  Lundy's 

Lane? 171,  130 

Mention  some  buildings  in  Washington  burned  during  the  war 

of  1812.  Give  the  date  and  some  details  of  the  attack 171 

Name  the  treaty  of  peace  closing  the  war  of  1812.  What  battle 

took  place  after  this  treaty  was  signed? 171,  164 

Who  commanded  the  American  forces  at  the  battle  of  New 

Orleans?  Compare  the  two  armies 102,  449,  171 

Why  was  Monroe's  administration  called  the  "era  of  good  feeling"? .  172 
What  were  the  provisions  of  the  Missouri  compromise?  Why 

was  it  called  a  compromise? 172,  134 

When  and  from  what  country  did  the  United  States  acquire 

Florida? 102,  110,  172 

What  are  the  principles  of  the  Monroe  doctrine?  In  what  year 

was  it  proclaimed? 172,  102 

Name  the  states  admitted  from  1803  to  1825,  and  state  who 

was  president  when  each  was  admitted 101-102 

Give  briefly  the  most  important  facts  in  the  lives  of  James 

Madison  and  James  Monroe 461,  467 

40 


Mention  five  important  events  during  the  administration  of 

James  Madison.  Of  James  Monroe 101-102 

In  what  year  was  the  Erie  canal  completed?  Where  is  it? 

State  its  length. , 102,  653 

When  was  the  first  railroad  built  in  the  United  States?  What 
was  its  motive  power?  When  was  the  first  locomotive  built 
in  the  United  States? 102,  674,  103 

Mention  a  subject  to  which  William  Lloyd  Garrison  devoted 
much  time  after  1831.  State  the  character  of  a  book  by 
William  EUery  Channing/  published  in  1841 436,  418 

What  position  was  taken  by  Andrew  Jackson  in  regard  to  the 

United  States  bank?..* 172 

State  the  origin  of  the  political  parties  known  as  whigs  and 

democrats. 172,  171 

Explain  the  nullification  act  of  South  Carolina.  How  was  the 

affair  finally  settled? 172 

Show  why  the  attainments  of  the  following  entitle  them  to  be 
regarded  as  noted  Americans :  Calhoun,  Clay,  Andrew  Jackson, 
Daniel  Webster 414-499 

Relate  the  conditions  existing  in  Texas  early  in  the  19th  century. 

Describe  the  battle  of  the  Alamo 160-161,  11,  103 

Under  whose  administration  was  the  Morse  system  of  telegraphy 

patented?  Between  what  cities  was  the  first  message  sent? .  103 

How  long  did  William  H.  Harrison  serve  as  president?  By 

whom  was  he  succeeded? 103 

What  was  the  Dorr  rebellion?    State  the  causes 42,  103 

Name  the  official  position  held  by  Daniel  Webster  when  the 
Ashburton  treaty  was  signed.  How  did  this  treaty  affect 
the  state  of  Maine? 499,  103,  131 

Give  two  important  events  from  the  administration  of  each  of 
the  following:  John  Quincy  Adams,  Andrew  Jackson,  Van 
Buren,  Tyler 102-103 

What  was  the  Oregon  question?  Mention  the  two  parallels 

named  in  the  dispute.  How  was  the  matter  settled? 172 

State  the  cause  of  the  war  with  Mexico  in  1846.  Name  impor- 
tant battles  and  leaders.  What  territories  did  the  United 
States  acquire  as  a  result  of  this  war? 172,  139,  103 

Explain  what  is  meant  by  the  Wilmot  proviso 103,  173 

Associate  the  name  of  each  of  the  following  with  some  crisis  in 
American  history:  Sam  Houston,  Winfield  Scott,  Santa 
Ana,  Zaehary  Taylor 447-493 

Name  the  states  admitted  during  the  administrations  of  Jackson, 

Van  Buren,  Polk 103,  624 

41 


Outline  the  principal  events  of  James  K.  Folk's  administration .  103,  477 
What  discovery  greatly  increased  the  population  of  California 

in  1849?. : 104,  33 

Give  full  details  of  the  compromise  of  1850.  Name  its  author. 

Which  provision  of  this  compromise  is  called  the  fugitive 

slave  law? 173 

How  did  the  United  States  acquire  New  Mexico?  What  was 

the  Gadsden  purchase? 135 

What  was  the  Kansas-Nebraska  bill?  When  was  it  passed? . . .  173,  104 
Describe  the  feeling  existing  between  the  northern  and  southern 

states  from  1850  to  1860.  What  was  the  principal  issue? . .  173 
Give  facts  about  Stephen  A.  Douglas  and  Charles  Sumner,  show- 
ing their  attitude  towards  the  public  questions  of  then-  time.428,  492 

Explain  the  troubles  in  Kansas,  1854  to  1859 173,  126 

From  what  earlier  political  parties  was  the  republican  party  of 

1856  formed? 173 

Name  the  states  admitted  and  other  important  events  occurring 

during  the  administrations  of  Taylor,  Fillmore,  Pierce 104 

During  what  years  was  James  Buchanan  president? 104 

For  what  is  Cyrus  W.  Field  noted?  When  was  the  first  message 

received  over  the  Atlantic  cable? 433,  104 

Which  was  the  first  southern  state  to  secede  from  the  Union? ....  104 
Give  the  names  of  three  men  who  were  candidates  for  president 

of  the  United  States  in  1860.  Which  was  elected? .  619,  173,  104 

Name  the  states  which  seceded  from  the  Union  in  1861 104 

Where  and  when  did  the  organization  of  the  "Confederate  States 

of  America"  take  place?  Who  was  chosen  president? ....  104,  174 

Give  an  account  of  the  lif e  of  Jefferson  Davis 425 

Describe  the  first  attack  on  Fort  Sumter.  Who  commanded 

the  confederate  forces?  The  union? 174,  158 

Give  the  date  of  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run.  The  second.  In 

what  state  were  these  battles  fought?  Name  the  com- 
manders. State  the  result 32,  12 

Name  six  battles  of  1862 — two  fought  in  the  North  and  four 

in  the  South 105 

By  whom  was  New  Orleans  captured  in  1862?  Give  facts  about 

Farragut 16,  105,  432 

What  was  the  nature  of  the  emancipation  proclamation?  When 

and  by  whom  was  it  issued? 44-45,  105, 176 

Name  four  important  battles  of  1863.  Which  army  was  victorious 

at  ChanceUorsviUe?  At  Chickamauga?  At  Gettysburg? .  105,  11-19 
Describe  the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  Who  were  the  commanders? 

Give  its  date 115 

42 


Mention  three  battles  of  1864.     Which  army  was  victorious  in 

each? 105,  11-19 

In  what  year  was  the  battle  of  Antietam  fought?  The  Wilder- 
ness? How  mary  were  killed  and  wounded  in  each  battle?.  11,  19 

By  what  battle  was  the  civil  war  terminated? 175 

Review  briefly  the  civil  war,  giving  dates,  battles,  leaders,  and 

result 139 

Give  facts  about  Robert  E.  Lee,  stating  his  education  and  the 

wars  in  which  he  fought 456 

When  was  General  Lee  made  conunander-in-chief  of  the  con- 
federate armies?  Name  four  battles  of  the  civil  war  in 
which  he  commanded 456 

What  service  did  the  following  render  the  confederacy:  Beaure- 
gard?  Early?  "Stonewall"  Jackson?  Albert  Sidney  John- 
ston? Joseph  E.  Johnston? 404-451 

Give  an  account  of  the  life  of  Ulysses  S.  Grant.  In  what  year  did 
he  become  commander-in-chief  of  the  federal  armies? 
When  general  of  the  army  of  the  United  States? 439 

How  did  each  of  the  following  distinguish  himself  during  the  civil 

war:  McClellan?  Meade?   Sheridan?   Sherman? 464-488 

When  was  Abraham  Lincoln  assassinated?    Sketch  the  principal 

events  of  his  life.   How  long  was  he  president? 457,  144-145 

By  whom  was  Lincoln  succeeded  as  president? 105 

What  two  amendments  to  the  constitution  of  the  United  States 
were  proclaimed  during  Johnson's  administration?  State 
the  purpose  of  each 105-106,  598-599 

Tell  fully  how  and  when  Alaska  came  into  the  possession  of  the 

United  States 105,  177,  508 

What  conditions  led  to  the  impeachment  of  Andrew  Johnson? 

Before  what  body  was  he  tried?     What  was  the  verdict? .  .  177,  451 

Who  became  president  of  the  United  States  in  1869? 106,  439 

What  was  the  fifteenth  amendment  to  the  constitution?  When 

was  it  ratified? 106,  598-599 

For  what  claims  was  the  Geneva  award  paid?   State  the  amount. 

By  what  treaty  was  the  matter  adjusted? 177,  106,  165 

Give  the  history  of  the  Alabama  claims.  How  were  they  arbi- 
trated? Who  named  the  arbitrators? 11 

For  what  is  Horace  Greeley  noted?    When  was  he  a  candidate 

for  president  of  the  United  States? 440, 177 

Who  was  Sitting  Bull?  How  was  he  regarded  by  his  tribe?  What 
was  his  attitude  toward  the  whites?  What  American  general 
was  killed  in  the  battle  of  the  Little  Big  Horn?  Give  date . .  106,  488 

Name  six  notable  events  of  Grant's  administration 100 

43 


By  what  body  was  the  election  of  president  decided  in  1876? 

Which  candidate  was  declared  elected? 177 

Mention  three  events  of  Hayes's  administration 106 

How  long  did  James  A.  Garfield  serve  as  president?     Give  some 

of  his  personal  characteristics 106,  144-145,  436 

Who   succeeded   to   the   presidency   after   the   assassination   of 

Garfield? 106 

Describe  Bartholdi's  statue'  of  Liberty.    Where  is  it?    When  was 

it  unveiled? > 539,  107 

Under  whose  administration  was  Chinese  immigration  prohibited? .     107 

During  whose  administration  was  the  McKinley  tariff  bill  passed? 

The  Wilson  tariff  bill? 107,  108 

Give  the  more  important  events  of  Cleveland's  two  administra- 
tions. Outline  the  leading  facts  of  his  life 107-108, 420 

What  states  were  admitted  under  President  Harrison? 107 

In  what  year  did  McKinley  take  office  as  president? 108 

Name  a  tariff  bill  which  became  effective   during  McKinley's 

administration 108 

What  was  the  cause  of  the  Spanish- American  war? 156,  38-39 

Name  the  leading  battles  and  the  chief  leaders  of  the  Spanish- 
American  war.  How  long  did  this  war  last?  How  much 
money  did  it  cost  the  United  States? 139,  156-158 

Describe  the  battle  of  Manila  Bay.  Name  the  American  com- 
mander. Compare  this  battle  with  Trafalgar 131,  427 

Give  facts  about  Sampson,  Schley,  and  Roosevelt  in  connection 

with  the  Spanish-American  war 156-157,  486,  482 

For  what  military  service  is  each  of  the  following  distinguished: 
Adna  R.  Chaff ee,  Robley  D.  Evans,  Richmond  P.  Hobson, 
Nelson  A.  Miles,  Charles  D,  Sigsbee,  Joseph  Wheeler, 
Leonard  Wood? 417-503 

By  what  treaty  was  the  Spanish-American  war  closed?  What 
territory  did  the  United  States  acquire?  How  much  money 
did  the  United  States  pay  to  Spain? 177,  164,  139 

When  did  congress  authorize  self-government  for  Cuba?  In 
what  year  was  the  government  formally  transferred  to  the 
Cuban  authorities? 39 

WTien  and  in  what  city  was  President  McKinley  assassinated? 

Sketch  briefly  the  life  of  McKinley 108,  177,  464 

By  whom  was  McKinley  succeeded  as  president? 108 

Under  whose  administration  was  the  Panama  canal  purchase 

made?  When  was  the  treaty  signed?  What  are  its  terms? .  108,  553 

What  cabinet  department  was  created  in  1903? 108,  639 

In  what  year  was  Japanese  immigration  restrained?. 177 

44 


When  did  the  pure  food  law  take  effect? 109 

When  was  the  San  Francisco  earthquake? 109 

Mention  the  leading  events  of  Roosevelt's  first  administration. 

His  second.     Give  a  brief  sketch  of  his  life 108-109,  482 

Name  some  prominent  positions  held  by  William  H.  Taft  before 
his  election  to  the  presidency.  When  did  he  -become  presi- 
dent?   492 

What  were  the  chief  features  of  the  Taft  administration? . . .  109,  178 
Under  whose  administration  was  each  of  the  following  states 

admitted:    Arizona?    New  Mexico?    Oklahoma? 109 

When  and  by  whom  was  the  north  pole  discovered? 109 

In    what   year    were    postal    savings   banks    established?    The 

parcel  post  system? 109,  849,  848 

When  was  the  progressive  party  organized? 94 

When  were  the  sixteenth  and  seventeenth  amendments  to  the 
constitution  ratified?  In  whose  administrations?  What 

are  the  provisions  of  these  amendments? 109,  599 

In  what  field  of  activity  was  Woodrow  Wilson  prominent  before 
'  he    entered    political    life?       Give    a    brief    sketch    of    his 

career 502-503 

What  are  the  noteworthy  events  of  Wilson's  administration? .  .  109,  178 
Who  was  president  during  the  war  of  1812?     The  war  with 
Mexico  in  1846?     The  civil  war?     The  Spanish-American 

war?     The  world  war? 139,  101-109 

How  many  presidents  served  two  full  terms? 144-145 

Which  president  served  the  shortest  term? 144-145 

How   many   presidents   were   college   men?    How   many   were 

self-taught  or  had  only  common  school  education? 144-145 

How  many  presidents  were  born  in  the  state  in  which  you  live? .  144-145 
Which  state  has  produced  the  greatest  number  of  presidents? .  144-145 
State  the  number  of  democratic  presidents  since  1860.     Repub- 
lican  144-145 

Where  is  Lincoln  buried?    Grant?    Fillmore? 144-145 

Which  president  once  killed  a  man  in  a  duel? 785-786 

Mention  a  cabinet  department  created  in  1913. .. 640 

Associate  each  of  the  following  names  with  some  public  enter- 
prise: Jane  Addams,  Clara  Barton,  Andrew  Carnegie,  George 

W.  Goethals,  Jacob  Riis 394-481 

With  what  country  and  in  what  year  was  Perry's  treaty  made? 
How  many  important  treaties  in  American  history  have 

been  made  at  Paris? 164 

Who  is  now  president  of  the  United  States? 144-145,  605 

45 


CANADA 

By  whom  was  the  gulf  of  St.  Lawrence  first  explored?    When? ...       34 
When   and   by   whom   was   Quebec   founded?    What   was   the 

character  of  the  settlement? 34,  98,  562 

State  the  year  in  which  the  French  Jesuits  settled  at  Port  Royal.       98 

Where  was  Fort  St.  Louis  built?    By  whom? 34 

Give  an  account  of  the  life  of  Samuel  de  Champlain.    When  did 

he  become  governor  of  Canada? 418,  98 

What  name  was  given  to  Canada  by  the  French  settlers? 805 

By  what  people  was  Port  Royal  taken  in  1628? 98 

What  country  took  Quebec  in  1629?    Name  the  leader 562,  98 

How  long  after  1629  did  the  English  hold  Quebec?     By  whose 
influence  was  Canadian  territory  restored  to  the  French? 

Give  date 562,  98 

Mention  two  classes  of  missionaries  active  in  Canada  early  in 

the  17th  century.     Give  three  facts  about  them 34 

By  whom  and  when  was  Montreal  founded?    Who  named  the 

place? 546,  830 

Name  the  first  bishop  of  Quebec 99 

Mention  a  mission  founded  in  1668 99 

When  was  the  Hudson  bay  company  chartered?    What  territory 

was  granted  the  company? 34 

From  what  stronghold  and  throughout  what  district  did  the 
French  rule  during  the  17th  century  and  the  early  half  of 

the  18th  century? 34 

In   what   year   did   Frontenac   become   governor   of   Canada? 

Locate  a  fort  named  for  him.. 99 

Of  the  Indian  tribes  in  Canada  name  one  friendly  to  the  English 

and  one  hostile  tribe 34 

What  tribe  of  Indians  captured  Lachine? 99 

During  the  greater  part  of  the   18th  century  what  European 

countries  were  struggling  for  control  of  America? 34 

Name  the  principal  event  of  King  George's  war 168,  99 

Name  the  leaders  at  the  battle  of  Quebec.     Which  was  vic- 
torious?    On  what  "plains"  was  the  battle  fought?  What 

contest  was  practically  ended  by  this  battle? 34,  503,  467,  562 

Give  the  date  of  the  conquest  of  Montreal  by  the  English.     State 

the  importance  of  this  capitulation 34,  546 

By  what  treaty  of  peace  was  the  French  a*id  Indian  war  ended? 

What  were  its  terms? 168,  34 

How  were  Montreal  and  Quebec  affected  by  the  American  revo- 
lution?  546,  100 

46 


At  what  time  were  St.  John,  N.  B.,  and  Kingston,  Ontario, 

founded? 100 

In  what  year  was  Canada  divided  into  Upper  and  Lower  Canada? 

What  was  the  character  of  each  division? 101,  34 

When  and  by  whom  was  the  city  of  Toronto  founded?  Give 
the  name  of  the  fort  which  formerly  occupied  the  site  of 
Toronto 575,  99,  844 

At  what  time  was  slavery  rendered  illegal  in  Upper  Canada?  In 
Lower  Canada?  Was  this  earlier  or  later  than  the  abolition 
of  slavery  throughout  the  British  dominions? 101,  155 

Who  was  the  founder  of  Ottawa?     By  what  name  was  Ottawa 

formerly  known? 551 

In  what  year  was  the  Welland  canal  completed?  What  cities  does 

it  connect? 102 

When  was  constitutional  government  granted  to  Newfoundland?     103 

At  what  time  were  Upper  and  Lower  Canada  reunited  for  legis- 
lative purposes? 34 

What  city  became  the  capital  of  Canada  in  1858? 104 

By  what  legislative  act  were  the  British  colonies  in  North  America 

united?  What  name  was  given  to  their  union? 34,53 

Name  the  colonies  included  in  the  Dominion  of  Canada  at  the 
time  it  was  constituted.  Mention  three  others  added  from 
1868  to  1873.  What  colony  refused  to  join  the  confed- 
eracy?  , 34,  105,  106 

Who  was  the  first  governor-general  of  Canada? 151 

Name  the  first  premier  of  Canada.  Mention  other  important 
offices  held  by  him  What  was  his  influence  in  the  federa- 
tion of  the  colonies? 152,  460 

Give  a  brief  sketch  of  the  life  of  Alexander  Mackenzie.     What 

honor  did  he  decline? 460 

What  agitation  took  place  in  Nova  Scotia  in  1868? 106 

State  the  cause  of  Kiel's  rebellion.     How  was  it  suppressed? 

Give  its  date. . , 34 

In  what  circumstances  was  Manitoba  organized?     What  name 

was  given  to  the  unorganized  territory  beyond  Manitoba?. . .       34 

Name  the  divisions  of  the  Northwest  Territory  made  in  1882. .  .  .      107 

By  what  treaty  of  1871  was  the  fisheries  dispute  with  the  United 

States  settled?     What  arrangement  was  made? 34 

Describe  the  second  rebellion  headed  by  Louis  Kiel 34-35 

When  did  the  Washington  treaty  expire?  How  did  its  expira- 
tion affect  the  fisheries  question? 35 

How  and  when  was  the  Bering  sea  question  settled? 35 

47 


In  what  year  was  the  controversy  over  the  Alaskan  boundary 

decided?     In  favor  of  which  country? 35,  108 

When  was  the  Canadian  Pacific  railway  completed? 107 

In  what  year  was  the  Canadian- Australian  cable  laid? 108 

When  was  the  university  of  Ottawa  founded?     McGill  university? 

King's  College,  Windsor,  N.  S.? 100-108 

In  what  year  did  the  first  transatlantic  steamer  arrive  at  Quebec? 
When  was  the  suspension  bridge  at  Niagara  Falls  opened? 

The  Grand  Trunk  railroad? 104 

At  what  time  did  Canada  adopt  the  decimal  system  of  coinage? . .     104 
What  administration  changes  occurred  in  1911?     What  reciprocal 

measure  was  defeated  at  the  same  time? 109,  35 

State  the  important  facts  from  the  lives  of  Sir  Charles  Tupper, 
Sir  Wilfrid  Laurier,  Robert  Laird  Borden,  Duke  of  Con- 
naught,  Baron  Strathcona,  Sir  Lomer  Gouin 409-495 

Name  the  present  governor-general  of  Canada.     The   present 

premier 151,  152 

MEXICO 

According  to  traditional  history  what  different  dates  are  given 

for  the  occupation  of  Mexico  by  the  Toltecs? 98,  132,  162 

Describe  the  Toltecs — their  mode  of  life,  their  religion,  their 

progress  and  civilization 132,  162-163 

What  was  the  fate  of  the  Toltecs  in  Mexico?  By  whom  were 

they  succeeded?  Give  the  approximate  date 132,  162,  98 

Give  an  account  of  the  government  of  the  Aztecs.  Of  their 

religion 132 

When  was  the  city  of  Mexico  founded?  What  is  the  origin  of 

its  name? 98,  132,  829 

Name  the  first  Spanish  discoverer  to  visit  Mexico.  Give  the 

date.  What  sort  of  government  did  he  set  up? 132,  423,  98 

With  what  territories  was  Mexico  united  in  1540?  Under  what 

name?  How  was  all  this  territory  governed? 132 

How  did  Mexico  rank  with  other  Spanish  colonies?  With  what 

country  was  Mexico  compelled  to  carry  on  all  its  foreign 

trade? 132-133 

For  how  long  did  Spain  rule  Mexico?  Under  what  circumstances 

was  the  republic  of  Mexico  established? 132-133 

Who  became  president  of  Mexico  in  1833?  Give  the  leading 

events  of  his  life 103,  485 

Give  the  dates  connected  with  the  independence  of  Texas.  What 

war  was  the  result  of  the. annexation  of  Texas  by  the  United 

States? 133,  103 

48 


Name  the  Mexican  leader  in  the  war  against  the  United  States 

in  1846.    State  the  result  of  the  war 139 

Sketch  affairs  in  Mexico  from  1855  to  1867 133 

By  what  country  was  the  Emperor  Maximilian  sent  to  Mexico?. .  133 
How  long  did  Maximilian  rule  Mexico?  How  did  the  empire 

end?    Who  resumed  the  government  of  Mexico? 105,  133 

In  what  year  did  Porfirio  Diaz  become  president  of  Mexico? 
How  long  did  he  serve?  Name  two  events  of  his  admin- 
istration  133,  427,  109 

Why  did  Porfirio  Diaz  resign  as  president?    Give  facts  about 

Madero. , 133,  109 

Who  led  an  insurrection  beginning  in  1912? 133 

Name  the  leader  of  an  insurrection  commencing  in  1913 109 

What  led  the  U.  S.  to  take  Vera  Cruz  in  1914? 133 

SOUTH  AMERICA 

When  did  the  Incas  rule  Peru? 120 

By  whom  was  Peru  conquered  in  1533? 120,  477 

Who  were  the  first  two  European  explorers  of  Argentina?  At 

what  time  were  their  explorations  made? 20 

When  was  Buenos  Ayres  founded? ,  Why  was  the  site  chosen? 

What  does  its  name  mean? 20,  804 

From  what  European  country  did  some  of  the  colonists  of 

Argentina  come? 20 

Where  did  the  Spanish  establish  themselves  in  1729? 99 

Until  1775,  how  was  Argentina  governed?  What  change  of 

government  was  made  in  that  year?    What  territory  was 

added?  What  city  became  the  capital? 20,  100 

What  people  regarded  Titioaca  as  a  sacred  place?  Tell  one  of 

their  legends 844 

When  were  Buenos  Ayres  and  Montevideo  occupied  by  the 

English?  What  was  the  effect  on  the  colonists? 20 

In  what  year  did  the  independence  of  Argentina  begin? 101,  20 

What  confederation  was  formed  in  1816?  In  1831?  Describe 

conditions  in  the  Argentine  confederation,  1831  to  1859. . .  20 

When  was  the  constitution  of  Argentina  decreed? 102 

Mention  the  territories  acquired  by  Argentina  in  1881.  Between 

what  two  countries  were  Patagonia  and  Tierra  del  Fuego 

divided? 20,  106 

Tell  something  of  the  development  of  railroads  in  Argentina . .  108,  20 
How  did  Argentina  restrict  immigration  in  1911? 20 

49 


Name  a  large  battleship  launched  for  the  Argentine  navy.    Give 

date 109 

Hake  a  statement  about  Argentina's  expenditures  for  education 

in  recent  years 20 

Name  the  president  of  Argentina 604-605 

What  Portuguese  navigator  discovered  Brazil?  When? 143 

When  did  Amerigo  Vespucci  visit  Brazil? 396 

Who  made  the  first  settlement  in  Brazil?  In  what  year? 31 

Under  the  power  of  what  country  did  Brazil  fall  in  1578?  To 

what  country  did  it  become  a  prey? 31 

When  did  Portugal  recover  Brazil  from  the  Hollanders? 31,  84 

Why  was  the  seatvof  Portuguese  government  once  at  Rio  de 

Janeiro?  When  did  Brazil  become  a  kingdom? 143,  31,  102 

Who  was  the  "perpetual  defender"  of  Brazil?  When  did  he 

proclaim  the  independence  of  the  country? 31-32, 102 

When  was  the  republic  of  Brazil  founded? 32 

What  important  international  steps  were  taken  by  Brazil  during 

the  year  1906? 32 

Name  a  conference  held  at  Rio  de  Janeiro  in  1906 109 

What  demonstration  of  international  interest  was  given  by  Rio  de 

Janeiro  in  1908? 32 

Who  is  the  president  of  Brazil? 604-605 

To  whom  did  Chile  originally  belong?  By  whom  was  it  con- 
quered hi  1535? 35 

When  and  by  whom  was  Santiago  founded? 839 

For  how  many  years  was  Chile  a  Spanish  colony?  When  did 

Chile  gain  her  independence? 35 

Compare  Chile  with  other  South  American  states  with  respect 

to  internal  disturbances 35 

From  what  countries  did  Chile  gain  large  territories  in  1881?.  .35, 106 

What  serious  disaster  visited  Valparaiso  in  1906? 788 

Who  is  now  president  of  Chile? 604-605 

Give  facts  about  Atahualpa,  Simon  Bolivar,  Santos-Dumont. .  400-485 


HISTORY  OF  CONTINENTAL  EUROPE 

ITALY 

Under  whom  did  the  kingdom  of  Italy  begin?  By  what  con- 
queror of  Italy  was  he  put  to  death? 66,  67 

Who  was  Belisarius?  Justinian?  For  whom  did  Belisarius 

take  Italy? 405,  452,  67 

When  did  the  Lombards  conquer  Italy? 67 

Where  and  when  was  Charlemagne  crowned  king  of  Italy?  What 

other  countries  did  he  rule? 69,  418 

To  what  empire  did  southern  Italy  become  subject  in  890  A.  D.?.  70 
Where,  when,  and  by  whom  was  Otto  I  crowned  king  of  Italy? 

Of  what  country  was  he  already  king? 473 

In  what  year  was  Italy  united  to  Germany? 73 

What  is  meant  by  the  two  Sicilies? 154 

By  whom  was  Sicily  taken  from  the  Saracens?  What  title  did 

his  son  receive? 75,  482 

In  what  century  did  Venice  become  a  great  maritime  power? 

From  what  period  does  the  cathedral  of  St.  Mark  date? ...  75,  576 
Who  were  the  Ghibellines?  The  Guelphs?  What  influence 

had  their  feud  upon  Italy? 115 

What  were  the  Sicilian  vespers? 123,  155 

State  some  facts  about  Savonarola.  When  did  he  live? 485 

Describe  the  progress  made  by  the  republics  of  Italy  during 

the   12th  and   13th  centuries.     How  did  these  conditions 

lead  to  the  downfall  of  the  states? 123 

When  did  the  dominion  of  Italy  pass  to  the  pope? 76 

Give  an  account  of  Dante's  life.  Why  was  he  banished? 424 

Who  was  Lorenzo  de'  Medici?  For  what  was  the  Medici  family 

distinguished? 465,  80 

For  what  is  the  pontificate  of  Pope  Leo  X  noted?  How  was 

he  related  to  Lorenzo  de'  Medici? 80,  456,  26 

For  what  is  Michael  Angelo  famed?  Of  what  great  structure 

was  he  the  architect? 397-398,  572 

What  great  cathedral  was  dedicated  at  Rome  in  1626? 82,  571 

Give  the  date  of  Napoleon's  Italian  campaign 86 

When  was  the  Italian  republic  proclaimed?  Who  became  its 

president? 86,  88 

What  coronation  took  place  at  Milan  in  1805?  How  long  did 

the  kingdom  of  Italy  last? 543-544,  88 

'       51 


After  the  fall  of  Napoleon  by  what  authority  was  Italy  recon- 
stituted?      123 

What  was  the  result  of  the  revolution  of  1848?     Explain  what 

Cavour  accomplished  for  Italy  at  this  time 91,  417 

When  did  Victor  Emmanuel  become  king  of  Sardinia,  and  when 

king  of  Italy? 497,  93 

Describe  Garibaldi's  career.  Mention  one  of  his  conquests. . . .  436,  123 
When  did  Rome  become  the  capital  of  Italy?  Under  what 

control  was  Rome  from  728  to  1870? 95,  567 

What  is  the  Vatican?    Under  whose  power  is  it? 576,  567 

With  whom  was  Italy  at  war,  1911-12?    State  result 123,  139 

Sketch    briefly    facts    about    the    following:     Raphael,    Titian, 

Leonardo  da  Vinci 479-497 

What  did  Galileo  do  toward  the  progress  of  science?    What 

opposition  did  he  meet? 435 

What  Italian  city  was  the  birthplace  of  Christopher  Columbus? 

What  great  discovery  did  he  make?    Give  date 421,98 

THE  EASTERN  EMPIRE 
TURKEY,  OR  THE  OTTOMAN  EMPIRE 

When  did  Justinian  become  emperor  of  the  east?    What  were 

the  characteristics  of  his  reign? 67,  452 

Mention  some  territory  acquired  by  the  eastern  empire  before 

600  A.  D.  Give  the  extent  of  the  empire  in  600 67,  68 

How  was  Constantinople  twice  saved  from  the  Saracens? 68 

From  what  part  of  the  world  did  the  Ottoman  Turks  come? . . .  166 

When  were  the  Turks  first  recognized  as  a  nation? 67 

From  whom  did  the  Turks  get  their  religion?  In  what  century? .  166 

What  does  Ottoman  mean?  Who  was  Othman? 833,  166 

By  whom  was  the  Ottoman  empire  founded?  When? 76 

When  did  the  Ottomans  establish  themselves  in  Europe? 79 

Trace  the  Ottoman  encroachments  upon  the  eastern  empire 78-80 

For  what  purpose  did  John  VII  of  the  eastern  empire  visit  Italy? .  78 
When  did  the  eastern  empire  end?  How  long  had  it  existed? . .  80,  42 
During  the  14th  and  15th  centuries  what  was  the  military  rank 

of  the  Turkish  empire? 166 

Mention  the  territory  acquired  by  Turkey  between  1360  and 

1520 166,  81-83 

By  whom  was  the  Turkish  navy  created?  In  what  century?. .  166 
Under  whom  did  the  Ottoman  empire  reach  its  greatest  power? . .  166 

For  what  was  Solyman  the  Magnificent  celebrated? 166,  489 

Mention  the  first  great  naval  defeat  and  the  first  great  reverse 

on  land  which  the  Ottoman  empire  met 166 

52 


When  was  the  battle  of  Lepanto  fought?  By  whom? , 166 

Name  Turkey's  strongest  opponent  in  the  18th  century 166 

What  Russian  territory  did  Turkey  hold  at  the  middle  of  the 

18th  century? 166 

When  did  the  Turkish  empire  lose  the  Crimea? 167,  87 

By  what  means  and  at  what  time  did  Greece  become  independent 

of  Turkey? 167 

Give  the  cause  of  the  Crimean  war.  What  countries  united  with 

Turkey  in  that  war? '. 167,  38 

What  was  the  result  of  the  Crimean  war? 167,  139 

Explain  the  causes  and  the  results  of  the  Russo-Turkish  war .  167,  139 
Name  the  territory  lost  by  Turkey  between  1878  and  1885 . . .  167 
By  whom  was  Abdul-Hamid  forced  to  abdicate?  What  is  the 

order  of  succession  to  the  Turkish  throne? 167,  393 

Give  the  cause  and  the  result  of  the  Balkan  war 167,  139 

SPAIN  AND  PORTUGAL 

By  what  names  was  Spain  known  to  the  Greeks  and  to  the 

Romans?  Why  was  Spain  so  named? 155,  842 

In  what  century  and  by  whom  was  Barcelona  founded  and 

named? 155-156,  801 

In  what  order  was  Spain  successively  controlled  ly  the  Moors, 
the  Visigoths,  the  Greeks,  the  Romans?  Trace  the  same 
nations  in  Portugal 156,  142 

Under  the  power  of  what  invading  nation  was  Spain  at  the  time 
of  the  fall  of  the  western  empire,  476  A.  D.?  What  invaders 
made  Toledo  their  capital?. 156,  844 

Describe  conditions  in  Spain  under  Roman  rule. 156 

When  did  the  Moors  obtain  control  of  Spain?  When  did  they 

lose  it?  When  were  the  last  Moors  expelled? 156,  19,  82 

In  what  century  did  small  Christian  kingdoms  begin  to  spring 

up  in  Moorish  Spain? 156 

What  is  the  Alhambra?    When  was  it  founded? 798,  77 

Show  how  Ferdinand  V  of  Castile  became  monarch  of  all  the 

Spanish  kingdoms 432,  156 

When  was  the  conquest  of  Granada  made? 80,  156 

Name  an  important  discovery  made  during  the  reign  of  Ferdi- 
nand and  Isabella.  Give  the  date 432-433 

What  Portuguese  city  was  the  market  of  the  world  ia  the  16th 

century? 82 

Mention  some  celebrated  Portuguese  navigators,  their  voyages 

and  discoveries 148 

When  did  Spain  acquire  the  PMlippines?*. 82 


Between  what  dates  was  Portugal  under  Spanish  rule? 82, 84 

Describe  the  Spanish  armada.  In  what  year  and  with  what  object 

was  it  sent  out?  What  was  the  result? 21 

Under  what  ruler  were  Mexico  and  Peru  added  to  Spain?  Give 

dates 156,  83 

When  did  the  war  of  the  Spanish  succession  occur?  Give  result .  156,  139 
Why  did  Spain  declare  war  against  Napoleon  in  1808?  What 

country  aided  Spain  in  this  war,  and  with  what  result? 156 

When  was  Portugal  released  from  Napoleon's  power?  When  did 

it  become  a  constitutional  monarchy?  A  republic? 143 

Upon  the  abdication  of  what  ruler  did  Spain  become  a  republic? 

How  soon  was  the  monarchy  restored? 156 

State  the  cause  of  the  Spanish- American  war.  What  possessions 

did  Spain  lose  as  a  result  of  this  war? 156,  139 

Who  were  Cervantes,  Cid,  Cortez,  Velasquez,  Magellan? 417-496 

FRANCE 

By   what   name   was   France   known   to   the   Romans?    What 

Roman  ruler  first  conquered  France? '. 110,  63 

Give  the  origin  of  the  name  France.     When  are  the  Franks 

first  mentioned  in  history? 815,  65 

How  early  was  Paris  known  to  the  Romans?     When  and  under 

whom  did  the  Franks  take  Paris? 555,  66 

Under  what  power  was  Gaul  when  the  western  empire  fell?. .  .66,  110 

Who  was  the  founder  of  the  French  monarchy? 67,  421,  110 

To  what  dynasty  did  Clovis  I  belong?    How  long  did  the  Mero- 
vingians rule  France? 110,  147 

What  was  the  Salic  law? 153-154,  67 

Who  was  Charles  Martel?    What  decisive  battle  in  the  world's 

history  did  he  win? 419,  22 

Name  the  founder  of  the  Carlo vingian  dynasty 147,  476 

During  whose  rule  did  France  reach  its  greatest  power? 110,  418 

Between  what  years  was  Charlemagne  king  of  France? 147 

Who  was  the  founder  of  the  new  western  empire?    In  what  year? 

Over  what  countries  did  he  rule? 69,  418 

Explain  the  song  of  Roland  and  its  connection  with  French 

history 382,  378 

Trace  the  divisions  of  the  empire  among  the  descendants  of 

Charlemagne 69 

How  and  when  did  Normandy  get  its  name?     Who  were  the 

Northmen? 136,  832 

Name  the  first  king  of  the  house  of  Capet.     Over  what  Euro- 
pean countries  has  the  house  of  Capet  ruled? 148,  415 

54 


At  what  time  was  the  French  language  first  written? 72,  293 

What  were  the  crusades?  Name  three  French  rulers  who  led 

the  crusades 38,  75,  77 

When  was  the  university  of  Paris  founded?  What  colleges 

existed  in  Paris  prior  to  that  time? 76,  111 

Which  king  first  levied  a  tax  to  maintain  a  standing  army? Ill 

By  virtue  of  what  law  did  Philippe  of  Valois  become  king? Ill 

Between  whom  and  when  did  the  hundred  years'  war  occur? 

Name  king  of  France  at  the  beginning  and  at  the  close. .  .  .  138,  148 
What  country  was  victorious  in  each  of  the  following  battles: 

Crecy,  Poitiers,  Agincourt? 527,  78,  111 

What  part  did  Joan  of  Arc  play  in  bringing  the  hundred  years' 

war  to  a  close?  What  title  is  applied  to  her? 399,  111,  8J. 

What  was  the  Bastille? 518 

Who  were  the  troubadours?  Name  the  first  troubadour  of  note. .  385,  74 

Sketch  the  conditions  which  brought  about  the  renaissance 294 

Who  were  the,Huguenots?  Under  what  French  king  did  their 

persecution  begin? 118,  111 

Describe  the  massacre  of  St.  Bartholomew.  Who  instigated 

it? 118,  153,  111,  417 

Who  was  the  first  king  of  the  house  of  Bourbon?. . 148,  111 

By  what  edict  were  the  rights  of  the  Huguenots  established? 

What  war  did  this  close? 118,  42,  164,  138 

When' did  Cardinal  Richelieu  administer  the  government? Ill,  480 

Give  an  account  of  the  reign  of  Louis  XIV.  What  cardinal 

was  his  prime  minister? 459,  464 

From  what  is  the  name  Fronde  derived?  When  did  the  wars 

of  the  Fronde  occur? 113 

By  whom  was  the  edict  of  Nantes  reyoked? 42 

How  did  the  American  war  for  independence  influence  the 

people  of  France  during  the  latter  part  of  the  18th  century?.  Ill 
State  the  conditions  which  led  to  the  French  revolution  begun 

in  the  reign  of  Louis  XVI.  How  long  did  it  last? 459,  139 

Sketch  briefly  the  life  of  Marie  Antoinette ' 398 

What  class  of  people  composed  the  tiers  etatf  What  other  classes 

controlled  most  of  the  wealth  of  France?. 162 

What  is  meant  by  the  states  general? .842 

When  did  the  national  assembly  begin?  By  what  other  name  was 

it  known?  What  did  it  do? 21 

What  was  the  national  guard?  When  organized?  Give  facts 

about  its  first  commander 113,  87,  455 

What  action  was  taken  by  the  legislative  assembly? 21 

When  did  the  "convention"  meet?  What  did  it  proclaim? 21 

55 


Who  were  the  Girondists?  When  did  most  of  them  perish?.  .115-116 
Who  were  the  Jacobins?  What  political  power  did  they  exert? .  123-124 
What  organization  was  responsible  for  the  reign  of  terror?  When 

did  it  begin? 124,  113 

Give  facts  from  the  life  of  Danton,  Marat,  Robespierre,  Char- 
lotte Corday,  Madame  Roland 422-482 

Mention  the  principal  events  of  the  French  revolution 112-113 

What  was  the  French  directory?     Of  how  many  members  was 

it  composed? 41 

Who  became  commander  of  the  French  army  in  1795? 87 

When  was  the  directory  overthrown?    -By  whom?    What  official 

position  did  he  take?    How  long  did  the  consulate  last? .  1 12,  469, 148 

What  is  the  legion  of  honor?    Who  instituted  it? 366,  793 

When  was  Napoleon  I  proclaimed  emperor  of  France?    How  long 

did  he  reign?     Explain  the  cause  of  his  downfall ....  89,  148,  470 
After  the  abdication  of  Napoleon,  to  what  island  was  he  exiled? 

How  long  did  he  remain  there  in  exile? 469-470,  813 

Sketch  briefly  the  life  of  Napoleon  1 469-470 

Upon  the  restoration  of  the  Bourbon  line  who  became  king?.  148,  112 

What  was  the  hundred  days'  war?    What  battle  ended  it? 470,  112 

Describe    the    battle    of    Waterloo.     Name    the    leaders.    Give 

the  result.     Why  is  this  battle  of  particular  importance? .  179,  22 
To  what  island  was  Napoleon  I  banished  after  his  defeat  at 

Waterloo?    When  did  he  die? 112 

For  what  purpose  was  the  holy  alliance  formed?    What  coun- 
tries entered  into  it? 89,  117-118,  164 

Name  the  leading  battles  and  chief  leaders  of  the  Napoleonic 

wars.     What  position  did  France  hold  at  their  close? 139 

How  was  the  reign  of  Charles  X  affected  by  the  revolution  of 

1830? 112, 148 

When  did  the  second  republic  begin?    Who  was  its  president? 

Under  what  title  did  he  become  emperor? 148,  112,  470 

La  what  war  was  the  battle  of  Sedan  fought?    What  emperor 

was  captured?     Give  facts  about  the  battle 139,  112 

Give  the  chief  facts  in  the  history  of  Alsace-Lorraine 11 

What  change  of  government  followed  the  defeat  and  the  capture 

of  Napoleon  III? 148 

What  were  the  Tuileries? 165 

In  what  wars  did  Bazaine  and  MaeMahon  distinguish  them- 
selves?   Which  commanded  at  Sedan?    Which  at  Metz?.404,  460 

Mention  five  kings  of  France  who  were  deposed 41 

When  did  the  final  disposition  of  the  Dreyfus  ease  occur? 112 

For  how  many  years  has  France  been  a  republic? 148 

56 


To  whom  was  the  Nobel  prize  for  chemistry  awarded  in  1911? .  .  95 
Connect  each  of  the  following  with  some  important  period  in 

French  history:  Conde,  Grouchy,  Turenne 421-495 

For  what  is  each  of  the  following  celebrated:  Bonheur?  Dore"? 

Eiffel?  Rodin? ,  .400-481 

Who  ie  the  present  president  of  France? 605 

GERMANY 

What  is  the  meaning  of  the  name  Germany? 816 

Who  were  the  Teutones?  What  region  is  supposed  to  have 

been  their  original  settlement? 160 

When  did  the  Teutones  invade  Gaul?  Compare  with  the  date 

of  the  first  great  migration  of  the  German  nations 160,  62 

By  whom  were  the  Germans  defeated  in  55  B.  €.? 63 

Where  did  the  Frisians  live?  When  and  by  whom  were  they 

subjected  to  Roman  rule? 113 

Name  two  German  cities  which  grew  out  of  the  fixed  camps  of 

the  Roman  legions . . . . , 64 

Give  the  year  in  which  Germanicus  subdued  Germany ..........       64 

In  what  manner  did  Varus  govern  lower  Germany?  Who  was 

emperor  of  Rome  at  that  time?. , 64r  146 

When  was  a  Roman  bridge  built  across  the  Danube?  Under 

what  Roman  emperor? 65,  146 

Mention  a  wall  built  in  Germany  by  the  Roman  emperor  Hadrian.  05 
Where  did  the  Goths  originally  dwell?  Name  the  two  divisions 

into  which  they  separated  in  the  3rd  century.     Where  did 

each  division  settle? 116 

What  people  established  a  confederacy  in  Germany  at  the  middle 

of  the  3rd  century? 65 

From  what  people  did  Hungary  take  its  name?  What  was  its 

ancient  name? 821,  65 

When  did  the  Huns  invade  Hungary?  Where  did  they  come 

from?  Why  are  the  Germans  called  Huns? 821,  119,  65 

When  did  Teutonic  tribes  first  overrun  Alsace-Lorraine? 11 

In  what  parts  of  Germany  did  France  claim  supremacy?  Where 

did  the  Franks  set  up  their  kingdom? 66,  113 

When  did  Charlemagne  become  king  of  Germany,  Italy,  and 

France?  What  was  the  character  of  his  reign-? 69,  418,  113 

What  king  is  regarded  as  the  founder  of  the  German  empire? 

How  was  he  related  to  Charlemagne? 149,  69 

When  did  the  Carlovingian  dynasty  end?  At  this  period  what 

nations    were    in    Germany?     By    whom    was    their    king 

crowned? , ,.  .,.149,  11S-114 

57 


Mention  some  conquests  made  during  the  reigns  of  Henry  the 

Fowler  and  Otho  the  Great 149,  114,  473 

During  the  10th  century  what  was  the  attitude  of  the  Hun- 
garians towards  other  nations?  Who  subdued  them? 

When  did  Hungary  become  subject  to  Germany? 118,  114 

Give  the  main  facts  of  the  disagreement  between  Henry  IV  of 

Germany  and  Pope  Gregory  VII 75,  445,  440,  522 

When  did  the  Hohenstauffen  dynasty  begin? 149 

Under  whose  reign  did  the  wars  of  the  Guelphs  and  the  Ghibel- 

lines  begin?  At  what  time?  Explain  their  strife. ...  114,  149, 115 
When  was  the  Hanseatic  league  formed?  Explain  why  the 

Hanse  towns  formed  a  league 77,  117 

By  what  emperor  was  the  house  of  Habsburg  founded?  What 

historic  feud  did  he  terminate? 114,  149,  483 

What  invention  was  made  by  Gutenberg?  Where?  When? . . .  441,  80 
Of  what  country  is  it  said  that  its  history  is  the  history  of  the 

house  of  Habsburg? 22 

In  what  century  and  under  what  Austrian  niter  was  Hungary 

united  to  Austria? 22,  119 

When  did  the  reformation  begin?  In  whose  reign? 80,  150,  460 

Give  a  brief  sketch  of  the  life  of  Martin  Luther 460 

What  was  the  attitude  of  Charles  V  towards  the  reformation? 

State  the  importance  of  the  period  in  which  he  reigned . . .  418 
When  was  the  diet  of  Worms  held?  What  was  it?  What  plea 

did  Luther  make? 82,  165,  460 

Of  what  did  the  confession  of  Augsburg  consist?  What  was  its 

purpose?  Give  facts  about  the  compiler 688,  465 

Explain  the  cause  of  the  thirty  years'  war.  Give  the  dates,  the 

leading  battles,  the  chief  leaders 114, 161,  138 

What  was  the  defenestration  of  Prague? 39,  560 

Name  the  countries  involved  in  the  thirty  years'  war.  By  what 

treaty  was  it  closed? 161-162, 114 

Give  facts  about  Tilly.  Wallenstein 495/497 

By  what  country  was  Maria  Theresa  supported  in  her  contest 

for  the  throne  of  Germany?    How  long  did  the  war  of  the 

Austrian  succession  last? 462,  139 

When  and  where  was  the  battle  of  Liitzen  fought?  In  what 

war?  What  king  was  killed  in  this  battle? 131,  441 

In  what  condition  did  the  thirty  years'  war  leave  Germany?. . .  114 
Name  the  chief  contestants  in  the  seven  years'  war.  What 

nations  were  involved?  State  its  effect  upon  Prussia .  .  .  154,  51,  139 
Give  some  facts  from  the  life  of  Frederick  the  Great  of  Prussia . . .  434 

58 


When  did  Francis  II  of  Germany  take  the  title  of  Emperor  of 

Austria?  By  whom  was  he  driven  out  of  Germany? ....  88,  22 
At  what  time  was  Germany  under  the  power  of  Napoleon?  How 

was  it  governed  during  that  period? 114,  150,  37 

State  the  object  of  the  holy  alliance.  When  was  it  formed?. . .  117-118 
How  long  did  the  Germanic  confederation  rule?  By  what  vote 

was  Austria  excluded  from  the  confederation? 150,114 

State  the  cause  of  the  seven  weeks'  war.  Name  the  principal 

battles.  How  did  it  result? 114, 139 

In  what  year  was  Austria  finally  excluded  from  Germany? 

What  is  meant  by  the  North  German  confederation?  How 

long  did  it  rule  Germany?. . . . '. 22,  136, 150 

Who  became  king  of  Prussia  in  1861?  Premier  in  1862? 92 

When  was  the  Franco-Prussian  war?  Name  the  leading  battles. 

The  chief  leaders.  What  did  Germany  gain  by  this  war? .  139,  114 

Give  the  effects  of  German  rule  in  Alsace-Lorraine 11 

Tell  some  facts  about  Bismarck,  Frederick  Charles,  von  Moltke. 

Which    commanded    the    German    forces    at    Gravelotte? 

Which  received  a  title  in  recognition  of  his  services  during 

the  Franco-Prussian  war? 407-467 

When  was  the  Germanic  empire  reconstructed?  Who  was  its 

first  emperor?  How  long  had  he  been  king  of  Prussia?.  114,  150,  502 
In  what  year  did  William  II  become  emperor  of  Germany?  What 

characteristics  make  his  reign  conspicuous? 150,  502, 114 

What  incident  incited  and  what  was  the  real  cause  of  the  World 

War? 181 

What  territory  was  restored  to  France  by  the  Treaty  of  Versailles?  115 
Name  the  first  three  countries  who  declared  war  on  Germany. . .  182 
Name  the  present  ruler  of  Germany 605 

AUSTRIA  AND  HUNGARY 

By  what  battle  of  the  seven  weeks'  war  was  Austria  perma- 
nently separated  from  Germany?    Give  date 22,  119 

In  what  respects  is  the  government  of  Hungary  distinct  from 

_that  of  Austria? 22,  119 

When  did  Austria  pass  a  universal  suffrage  law? 94 

What  territories  were  acquired  by  Austria  in  1909? 22 

When  did  Francis  Joseph  become  emperor  of  Austria?    When 
was  he  crowned  king  of  Hungary?  _  Outline  the  principal 

events  of  his  reign 434,  119 

For  what  was  Metternich  distinguished?    Kossuth? 466,  454 

Who  is  now  ruler  of  Austria?    Of  Hungary? 605 

59 


DENMARK 

Give  the  meaning  of  the  name  Scandinavia.     In  early  literature 

what  people  were  called  Scandinavians? 840,  286 

How  early  did  the  Romans  know  the  inhabitants  of  Denmark?. .       40 

Who  was  Odin?     Name  the  mythical  first  ruler  of  Denmark 40,  337 

Name  two  classes  into  which  the  early  people  of  Denmark  were 

divided,  and  state  their  occupations 40 

Give  the  date  of  the  first  recorded  invasion  of  Britain  by  the 

Danes,  or  Northmen 69, 136 

Who  was  the  first  authentic  king  of  Denmark?     What  countries 

did  he  unite?     In  what  country  did  his  descendants  reign?. 40,  71 
What  are  the  Eddas?     When  were  they  composed?     What  is 

meant  by  the  sagas? 286,  354,  379 

When  did  Canute  reign  in  England?     When  did  his  dynasty  in 

Denmark  end? 415,  150,  40 

State  the  extent  of  the  Danish  kingdom  in  the  12th  and  13th 

centuries 40 

Mention  a  queen  who  ruled  Norway,  Sweden,  and  Denmark.    By 

what  act  were  these  countries  united? 40,  462,  164 

When  was  the  union  of  Calmar  dissolved?. . . . , 83 

How  long  did  the  Oldenburg  line  rule  Denmark? 40 

Who  was  the  ablest  Danish  ruler?     When  did  he  reign? 40,  83 

At  what  time  was  serfdom  prevalent  in  Denmark?     What  king 

was  active  in  abolishing  serfdom? 40 

What  effect  have  the  Schleswig-Holstein  troubles  produced? 40 

Who  is  the  present  king  of  Denmark? 605 

When,  to  what  country,  and  for  what  sum  did  Denmark  sell  the 

Virgin  islands? 41,  577,  624 

SWEDEN  AND  NORWAY 
Divide  the  early  inhabitants  of  Sweden  into  two  groups.     State 

their  origin.     How  did  an  attempt  to  unite  them  result? 158 

From  what  deity  did  the  Ynglingar  dynasty  claim  descent? . .  158,  337 

Who  were  Odin,  Frigga,  Thor? 330-342 

Give  the  origin  of  Friday,  Thursday,  Wednesday 816-846 

Name  a  king  who  ruled  the  whole  of  Sweden.     When? 158 

When  and  by  whom  was  Stockholm  founded?    What  does  its 

name  mean? » 571,  842 

Who  was  the  first  Christian  king  of  Sweden? 73 

Who  became  king  of  Sweden  hi  1150?    Why  did  his  death  cause 

trouble  with  Denmark? 75,  158 

When  was  the  throne  of  Sweden  offered  to  the  ruler  of  another 

country? 159,  462 


What  countries  were  united  by  the  union  of  Calmar?    Give 

date 159 ,  164, 402 

When  were  the  Danes  driven  from  Sweden?  Who  then  became 

king  of  Sweden? 159, 83,  441 

In  what  condition  did  Gustaf  Vasa  leave  Sweden  at  his  death? . .  159 
How  did  Sweden  become  involved  in  the  thirty  years'  war? 

Who  was  king  of  Sweden?  Where  was  he  killed? 161-162,  131 

How  does  Gustavus  Adolphus  rank  with  other  rulers  of  his  time? 

When  did  he  reign? 159,  441 

When  was  Sweden  declared  an  absolute  monarchy? 85 

Characterize  the  reign  of  Charles  XII  of  Sweden 418,  85,  87 

Who  was  Bernadotte?  How  did  he  become  king  of  Sweden? 

Characterize  his  reign  and  the  Bernadotte  dynasty 406, 159 

In  what  year  were  Norway  and  Sweden  united  as  two  kingdoms 

under  one  monarch?  How  long  did  this  union  continue?  89, 95,  159 
For  what  is  each  of  the  following  noted:  Alstroemer?  Ericsson? 

Linnaeus?  Oxenstienia?  Swedenborg? 396-492 

Name  the  present  king  of  Sweden. 605 

With  the  history  of  what  countries  is  that  of  Norway  interwoven?. .  137 

Who  was  the  first  king  of  Norway? 71 

In  what  century  does  the  authentic  history  of  Norway  begin? ....  137 

What  expeditions  led  to  the  introduction  of  Christianity? 137 

When  did  Olaf  II  rule  Norway?  Name  a  king  witii  whom  Olaf 

was  at  war.     To  what  country  did  Norway  pass  as  a  result 

of  that  war? 137, 472 

In  what  year  was  Bergen  fault? 75 

Explain  the  conditions  that  brought  Norway  under  the  rule  of 

Queen  Margaret.  What  other  -countries  did  she  rule? .  .  137,  462 
When  was  Norway  first  united  to  Denmark?  During  what  critical 

period  in  European  history  was  this  union  severed? 137 

Why  was  Denmark  compelled  to  give  up  Norway?  With  what 

country  did  the  tneaty  of  Kiel  unite  Norway? 137, 164 

How  did  the  Norwegians  receive  the  treaty  of  Kiel?  Why  did 

Bernadotte  invade  their  country? 137 

Oo  what  conditions  did  Norway  consent  to  Swedish  government? 

Who  was  the  first  joint  king  of  Sweden  and  Norway? 137 

What  caused  the  final  separation  of  Norway  from  Sweden? 

When  did  it  occur?  Who  became  king  of  Norway?. . .  137,  95,  159 
When  was  the  first  book  printed  in  Norway?  What  was  it? ....  289 
What  great  discovery  was  ma4e  by  Roald  Amundsen  in  1911? 

Sketch  his  career 94,  397 

Who  were  Bjomeon,  de  Bornemann  BuH,  Ibsen,  Nansen? 407-409 

Give  the  name  of  the  present  king  of  Norway 605 

61 


RUSSIA 

Who  is  regarded  as  the  founder  of  Russia?  State  his  nationality, 
the  territory  controlled  by  him,  and  the  date  of  the  found- 
ing of  the  empire 152 

What  Russian  ruler  invaded  Constantinople  in  the  10th  century? 

Name  an  invasion  made  by  him  in  907 70-71 

Who  became  ruler  of  Russia  in  945? 71 

What  ruler  is  called  the  Charlemagne  of  Russia?     When  did  he 

reign?     Mention  some  of  his  deeds 152,  73 

Describe  conditions  in  Russia  during  the  llth  and  12th  cen- 
turies  152,  73 

Name  two  Russian  cities  founded  in  the  12th  century 75 

Give  the  approximate  date  of  the  Mongol  invasion  of  Russia. 
By  what  name  were  the  invaders  known?  Until  what  date 

was  Russia  under  Tartar  rule? 77,  79 

Give  the  year  in  which  Ivan  the  Great  became  ruler  of  Russia. 

What  title  did  he  assume? 81,  149 

What  was  the  character  of  the  rule  of  Ivan  the  Terrible?  When 

did  he  reign? 315,  83,  149 

By  whom  was  the  house  of  Romanoff  founded? 83,  149 

State  facts  about  the  reign  of  Alexis 149,  395 

Give  an  account  of  the  reign  of  Peter  the  Great.     Why  is  it  said 

that  Russia's  greatness  dates  from  his  accession? 149,  152,  476 

Who  founded  St.  Petersburg?     Give  details 834,  85,  572 

When  and  under  what  ruler  did  the  three  partitions  of  Poland  take 

place?    What  portion  of  Poland  did  Russia  receive?.  .164,  152,  142 

Describe  the  reign  of  Catherine  II 149,  417 

In  what  battles  was  Russia  engaged  during  the  reign  of  Alexander 

I?  What  wars  were  then  taking  place  throughout  Europe?  395,  139 
When  was  Poland  united  to  Russia?     When  did  it  become  a 

part  of  the  Russian  empire? '. 89,  152,  142 

Name  a  war  which  was  terminated  by  Alexander  II.     By  means 

of  what  treaty?     What  death  did  Alexander  II  meet? .  395,  164,  132 
Give  a  brief  account  of  the  Crimean  war  and  its  consequences. 

Name  some  of  the  battles 38,  152, 139 

To  whom  and  when  was  Russian  America  sold? 93 

With  what  country  was  Russia  at  war  in  1877? 139,  152 

What  territory  was  acquired  by  Russia  from  1858  to  1909? 152 

In  what  year  did  Nicholas  II  come  to  the  throne?  State  some 
of  his  personal  characteristics.  Mention  important  events 

dwing  his  reign 140,  471 

What  privileges  were  given  by  China  to  Russia  in  1900?    How 

did  this  lead  to  the  Russo-Japanese  war? 152-153 

62 


Name  the  leading  battles  arid  the  chief  leaders  of  the  Russo- 
Japanese  war.  Give  its  result 139,  153 

Give  the  origin  of  these  names:  Moscow,  Russia,  Warsaw 830-846 

At  about  what  time  did  the  spread  of  nihilism  begin?     Who  is 

Prince  Kropotkin? 95,  152,  454 

Give  facts  about  Gorky,  Kosciusko,  Stolypin,  Tolstoi,  Witte. .  .  439-503 
Give  the  chief  facts  concerning  Russia's  part  in  the  world  war. .  .  97,  153 

BELGIUM   AND  HOLLAND 

In  the  time  of  Csesar  what  name  was  given  to  the  territory  now 
known  as  Belgium?  What  was  its  extent?  How  long  did 
it  continue  under  Roman  rule? 22 

How  early  is  Antwerp  mentioned  in   history? 510 

Trace  the  history  of  Belgium  from  the  fall  of  Rome  to  953.  Into 

what  parts  was  Belgium  divided  in  953? 22-23 

What  royal  house  acquired  the  whole  of  the  Netherlands  in  the 
15th  century?  For  how  many  years  had  Holland  been  an 
independent  country? 23,  117 

When  and  why  did  Belgium  and  Holland  become  Austrian  posses- 
sions? Why  did  they  later  pass  under  Spanish  rule? 23,  117 

When  'and  under  whom  did  the  seven  northern  states  establish 

their  independence?  What  country  retained  Belgium? 23,  117 

Outline  the  changes  made  in  the  territory  and  government  of 
Belgium  from  1598  to  1714.  What  disposal  was  made  of  Bel- 
gium by  the  treaty  of  Utrecht?  What  name  was  given 
to  Belgium  by  that  treaty? 23 

By  whom  was  Belgium  conquered  during  the  Austrian  war  of 
succession?  What  restoration  was  made  in  1748?  By 
what  treaty? 23 

At  what  time  did  the  Belgians  attempt  to  set  up  an  independent 
government  as  United  Belgium?  Trace  the  happenings  of 
the  next  ten  years 23 

When  was  the  kingdom  of  the  Netherlands  formed?  Of  what 

countries  was  it  composed?  Who  became  king? 23,  89,  117 

How  long  did  the  kingdom  of  the  Netherlands  exist?  Why 

was  it  dissolved?  Who  was  made  king  of  Belgium? 23,  89 

What  was  the  character  of  the  reign  of  Leopold  I  of  Belgium? .  456,  23 

How  long  did  Leopold  II  rule  Belgium? 456,  23 

By  what  treaty  was  the  Congo  Free  State  constituted?  Who 
became  its  sovereign?  To  what  country  was  the  Congo 
State  annexed  in  1908? 23 

For  what  are  Rubens  and  Van  Dyck  celebrated? 483,  496 

63 


Who  is  aow  king  of  Belgium? 605 

Give  the  chief  facts  concerning  the  German  invasion  of  Belgium 

in  1914 23 

How  many  provmces  united  to  form  the  Union  of  Utrecht? 

By  what  collective  name  were  these  provinces  known? 117 

Give  an  account  of  the  life  of  Hugo  Grotius 440 

Who  was  John  de  Witt?  What  positions  did  he  hold? 85,  427 

When  were  Holland  and  Belgium  united?  Give  the  name  of 

the  kingdom  thus  formed.  Name  the  ruler 117 

In  what  year  did  Holland  become  a  separate  kingdom?  How  long 

did  William  I  continue  to  rule  Holland? 117,  91 

How  many  years  did  William  III  reign  in  Holland? 117 

Give  a  brief  sketch  of  the  life  of  Wilhelmina  of  Holland 501 

What  international  court  of  artntration  meets  at  the  Hague? 

When  was  it  established?. . . 603 

To  what  country  is  the  name  Netherlands  now  restricted?. . . .  548 

Name  the  present  ruler  of  the  Netherlands <0Q5 

MODERN  GREECE 

When  was  Greece  taken  from  the  eastern  empire  by  the  Latins?. .  116 
By  whom  and  when  was  Greece  added  to  the  Turkish  empire? 

How  long  .did  Greece  remain  a  Turkish  province? 166,  116 

Give  date  -and  result  of  the  war  of  Greek  independence 116,  89,  139 

When  was  the  kingdom  of  Greece  founded?  Give  nationality 

of  the  first  king 89,  116 

la  what  year  did  the  people  demand  a  constitution?  When  was 

the  king  forced  to  abdicate? 91,  117 

Give  the  name  and  nationality  of  the  second  king  of  Greece 117 

When  did  Greece  annex  the  Ionian  isles? 93,  117 

What  was  the  result  of  the  war  with  Turkey  in  1896? 117 

With  whom  did  Greece  engage  in  war  in  1912?  What  countries  ' 

united  with  Greece? 117,  167 

What  territory  did  Greece  acquire  in  the  Balkan  war? .  117 

Name  the  present  king  of  Greece 97,  605 


HISTORY  OF  ASIATIC  COUNTRIES 

THE  SARACENS 

What  Semitic  chiefs  are  supposed  to  have  been  the  fathers  of  th^ 

present  inhabitants  of  Arabia? 19 

With  what  great  religious  character  does  the  history  of  Arabia 

begin? ;  •  •  •  •  19 

At  what  time  did  the  Jews  migrate  into  Arabia?  What  conditions 

were  favorable  to  the  introduction  of  Mohammedanism? 19 

Sketch  the  life  of  Mohammed 467 

When  was  the  Koran  published?  What  does  it  contain?  Explain 

the  doctrines  of  Mohammedanism 68,  281,  717 

Who  succeeded  Mohammed?  Give  some  facts  about  Abu 

Bekr.. 717,  393 

During  how  many  centuries  does  the  dominion  of  the  Arabs  form 

an  important  period  in  the  history  of  civilization? 19,  467 

When  did  the  Saracens  take  Jerusalem?  How  long  did  they  hold 

it? 68 

In  what  century  was  the  power  of  the  caliphs  established  in  the 

east?    What  authority  had  the  caliphs?    What  does  the 

word  caliph  mean? 68,  34 

When  was  Mohammedanism  accepted  in  Persia? 68 

What  part  of  Africa  was  subdued  by  the  Saracens  in  698?  In 

709? 68 

When  was  the  art  of  paper-making  introduced  by  the  Arabs? . .  68 
How  large  a  portion  of  Spain  was  acquired  by  the  Moors  in  711? 

How  did  they  govern  it? 156 

Trace  the  attacks  and  conquests  made  by  the  Saracens  from 

673  to  1055 68-73 

In  what  battle  were  the  Saracens  defeated  by  France?  Of 

what  importance  was  this  battle? 69,  22 

When  did  Bagdad  become  the  capital  of  the  Saracenic  empire? 

Under  whom  did  it  attain  its  greatest  splendor? 69,  34 

Who  was  Haroun  al  Raschid?  What  famous  romances  date 

from  his  time? 69,  443,  362 

Whose  reign  was  called  the  golden  period  of  learning  in  Arabia? 

In  what  country  did  the  Saracens  promote  agriculture  and 

horticulture  at  this  time? 69 

By  whom  and  when  were  the  figures  of  arithmetic  brought  into 

Europe? ' 70 

65 


When  did  the  decline  of  the  caliphate  begin?  In  what  year 
was  Bagdad  overthrown  by  the  Turks?  When  did  the 
caliphate  of  Bagdad  come  to  an  end? 70,  73, 19 

State  the  results  of  the  Saracen  conquests  from  710  to  1492. 

The  leading  battles.  The  chief  leaders 138 

When  and  by  whom  was  the  Alhambra  founded?  When  were 

the  last  of  the  Moors  expelled  from  Spain? 77,  798,  82 

Name  three  Mohammedan  divisions  which  were  provinces  of 

Turkey  prior  to  the  World  War 20 

In  what  countries  does  Mohammedanism  now  prevail? 717 

What  older  styles  of  architecture  were  combined  in  the  Saracenic? 

Compare  Moorish  and  Saracenic  arches 512 

JAPAN 

In  what  century  were  letters  and  the  writings  of  Confucius  first 

known  to  Japan?  From  what  country  were  they  brought? ..  317 

When  was  Buddhism  introduced  into  Japan? 124 

Explain  how  the  noble  families  of  Japan  came  gradually  to  rule 

the  mikados 124 

At  about  what  time  did  Japan  adopt  the  feudal  system?  What 

change  of  government  was  made  in  the  8th  centmry? ....  124,  317 
By  whom  were  the  Fujiwarra  family  opposed?  Mention  two  other 

families  who  came  into  power 124 

Give  the  name  of  the  first  shogun 124 

Give  the  meaning  of  shogun.  Compare  the  powers  of  the  shogun 

with  the  powers  of  the  emperor,  in  the  12th  century 124 

What  family  controlled  both  the  mikadoate  and  the  shogunate 

from  1199  to  1333? 124 

Describe  the  influence  of  the  Hojo  family 124 

Whom  did  the  Ashi-Kaga  family  succeed?  What  war  did  they 

occasion? 124 

State  Japan's  attitude  towards  feudalism  at  the  time  Europe  was 

'discarding  the  feudal  system 124 

Name  a  shogun  who  perfected  marine  architecture.  What  name 

is  given  to  the  period  in  which  he  lived? 124 

When  did  Europeans  begin  to  land  in  Japan?  During  what 

year  were  all  foreigners  except  Dutch  and  Chinese  banished 

from  Japan? 124 

Give  an  account  of  the  religious  strife  in  Japan  between  1549  and 

1615.    Describe  the  effect  upon  Japan  of  its  first  hundred 

years  of  intercourse  with  Christian  nations 124 

Give  the  name  of  the  shogun  under  whom  the  Christians  were 

expelled  from  Japan 124 


Upon  what  island  were  the  Dutch  traders  confined? 124 

To  whom  was  the  name  Tycoon  applied?  At  what  time? 124 

In  what  year  did  the  American  fleet  under  Commodore  Perry  visit 

Japan? .90, 124 

When  was  the  Perry  treaty  with  the  United  States  concluded? 

Why  did  the  making  of  this  treaty  hasten  the  Japanese 

revolution? , 124-125 

What  was  the  Dai  Nihonshi?  How  did  it  affect  the  authority 

of  the  shogun?    Trace  a  connection  between  this  work  and 

the  revolution  of  the  19th  century 317 

What  changes  in  government  followed  the  revolution  of  1868?  125 
By  what  country  was  Japan  opened  to  the  world  after  several 

European  countries  had  failed  hi  a  similar  attempt? 125 

Give  the  date  of  the  telegraph  connection  -between  Japan  and 

Russia.  When  did  Japan  accept  the  European  calendar? .  95,  94 
Why  was  Korea  called  the  hermit  nation?  At  what  time  did 

Korea  make  treaties  with  other' nations? 37-38 

In  what  year  did  Japan  adopt  a  constitution?  Give  the  date 

of  the  first  Japanese  parliament 607,  95 

Explain  the  cause  of  the  war  between  China  and  Japan  in  1894. 

Give  the  date  and  the  terms  of  the  treaty  by  which  the  war 

was  ended 125, 164 

In  what  year  did  the  Russo-Japanese  war  begin?  When  did 

it  end? „ 139 

What  was  the  chief  cause  of  the  Russo-Japanese  war  and  what 

were  some  of  the  principal  battles?     In  what  place  in  the 

United  States  was  the  treaty  closing  this  war  signed?  Mention 

the  name  of  a  noted  American  who  did  much  to  bring  about 

this  treaty 139, 153 

Where  is  Port  Arthur?  Sketch  briefly  its  history.  Why  was 

Port  Arthur  so  important  a  point  in  the  Russo-Japanese 

war? 559 

In  what  year  did  Korea  pass  under  a  Japanese  protectorate? 

When  did  Japan  annex  Korea? 38,  95 

Sketch  briefly  the  lives  of  Togo,  Oyama,  and  Oku.  Which  of 

these  was  called  the  Nelson  of  Japan? 472-495 

Give  facts  about  Ito,  Saionji 449-492 

State  facts  about  the  educational  system  of  Tokyo.  What  does 

the  name  Tokyo  mean? 575,  844 

How  long  did  Emperor  Mutsuhito  rule?  What  progress  did  Japan 

make  during  his  reign?  Give  date  of  his  death 125 

Name  the  present  ruler  of  Japan.  What  is  his  official  title? 605 

What  part  did  Japan  take  in  the  war  of  the  nations? 125 

67 


CHINA 

How  long  a  period  of  time  has  elapsed  since  wheat,  rice,  tea, 

millet,  the  soy  bean,  and  sorghum  are  known  to  have  been 

in  cultivation  in  China? 55 

When  was  silk  culture  begun  in  China? 55 

From  what  country  and  at  what  time  was  the  manufacture 

of  silk  introduced  into  Europe? 67 

Who  was  Genghis  Khan?  What  conquests  did  he  make  in  the 

13th  century? 35-36,  77,  436 

By  what  ruler  was  the  Mongol  dynasty  founded?  In  what 

year?  What  city  did  he  build? 36,  77 

When  was  the  Mongol  dynasty  expelled  from  China?  By  what 

dynasty  were  the  Mongols  succeeded? 556,  36 

When  and  by  whom  were  the  first  authentic  ^accounts  of  China 

written? 36 

Who  were  the  Manchus?  What  dynasty  did  they  establish? 

Give  date 827,  36 

Give  the  meaning  of  Peking.  Of  Nanking 834 

When  was  the  first  British  intercourse  with  China  attempted? 

How  did  China  treat  the  British  merchants? 36 

In  what  year  did  Great  Britain  make  war  upon  China? 36 

Name  five  ports  of  China  opened  to  British  commerce  in  1842. 

What  other  concessions  were  made  to  the  British  at  that 

time? • 36 

Explain  why  the  Tai-ping  rebellion  was  so  called.  How  did  it 

result? 36 

During  what  years  was  China  at  war  with  Japan?  State  the 

results  of  the  war 36,  139 

Give  some  facts  about  the  progress  of  China  in  commerce  and 

science  in  the  19th  century 36 

What  was  the  Boxer  rebellion? 30,  95,  36 

When  did  China  become  a  republic?  Who  became  its  president?  36 
For  how  many  years  did  the  Manchus  rule  China?  How  long 

was  China  an  empire? 592,  36 

State  some  facts  in  the  life  of  Wu  Ting-Fang 504 

In  what  year  did  China  declare  war  on  Germany? 97 

Who  is  president  of  China? 605 


LANGUAGE 

Where    does    the    Hamitic    race     belong,    historically?     What 

country  was  the  center  of  the  Hamitic  civilization? 183 

In  what  region  do  the  Semitic  races  first  appear? 183, 

From  what  two  sources  has  our  knowledge  of  the  Semitic  language 
been  chiefly  drawn?  By  what  means  has  our  study  of  this 
subject  been  greatly  aided? 183* 

What  later  civilization  obscured  that  of  the  Hamitic  race?  Into 

what  two  classes  are  the  Aryan  tongues  divided? 183, 184^ 

What  name  is  given  to  the  Aryan  group  that  traveled  farthest 
west?  To  which  Aryan  group  does  the  Sanskrit  language 
belong? 184 

Name  the  three  great  classes  in  which  all  languages  originating 

on   the   eastern   continents   may   be   included 133-184 

To  which  of  the  three  great  divisions  does  the  language  of  ancient 
Egypt  belong?  From  which  were  the  Hebrew  and  the 
Arabic  developed?  Which  gave  rise  to  the  languages  of 
modern  Europe? 183-184 

Into  how  many  groups  may  the  primitive  languages  of  the  Ameri- 
can continent  be  divided? 183 

To  whom  was  the  British  language  indebted  for  its  earliest  words? 

Give  some  examples 185 

By  what  people  were  the  Celts  succeeded  in  Britain?    What 

changes  did  the  Anglo-Saxons  make  in  the  language? . . .     183 

If  the  English  language  were  divided  into  a  hundred  parts,  how 
many  parts  would  be  of  Anglo-Saxon  origin?  How  many 
of  Latin  origin?  How  many  of  Greek  origin? 183 

Which  early  tongue  is  called  the  basis  of  the  English  language?.     185 

From  what  source  does  the  English  derive  most  of  its  mono- 
syllables? Verbs  of  action?  Prepositions  and  numerals?.  185 

Explain    why   the   English   language   is    continually   acquiring 

new  words 185 

Name  some  words  brought  into  Britain  by  the  Romans.  What     . 
sort  of  words  did  the  introduction  of  Christianity  bring 
into  English? 185 

What  did  the  Norman  conquest  do  for  the  English  language? .  185-186 

After  the  Norman  conquest  which  classes  retained  the  Saxon 

language?    Which  spoke  French? 185 

Contrast  the  names  of  ox,  sheep,  calf,  deer  when  alive  and  when 

served  as  food.     Account  for  the  difference. . .  186 


What  sorts  of  words  came  to  us  from  the  Dutch?  From  which 
people  did  we  get  the  language  of  chivalry,  of  law  and  govern- 
ment?  185-186 

Name  five  words  in  our  language  of  Dutch  origin.  Five  of  Latin 

origin.  Five  of  Italian  origin.  Two  of  Danish  origin . .  185-186 

What  characteristics  are  imparted  to  English  by  the  German 

and  the  Latin? 186 

What  language  is  the  principal  source  of  our  musical  terms?  Of 
our  scientific  terms?  Of  our  dress  and  cooking  terms?  Of 
our  military  terms? 186 

Mention  five  words  the  English  acquired  from  the  native  Ameri- 
cans   186 

From  what  languages  do  we  get  the  following  words:  shamrock, 
law,  wagon,  sing,  pie,  potato,  conscience,  telephone,  piano, 
embroider,  ask? 185-186 

Give  the  preferred  English  plural  of  focus,  syllabus.  Which 
is  the  better  English  usage — technic  or  technique?  Grippe 
or  grip? 186 

CAPITALS  AND  PUNCTUATION 

Give  five  invariable  rules  for  the  use  of  capital  letters.  Illustrate 

each 187-188 

When  should  eh  begin  with  a  capital?    When  the  names  of  the 

points  of  the  compass? 187-188 

Should  the  names  of  the  seasons  be  capitalized? 187 

Which  words  in  the  titles  of  books  should  be  capitalized? 187 

Give  the  rule  for  the  capitalization  of  titles  of  office  or  honor. 
When  should  such  titles  not  begin  with  capitals?  Give  the 
rule  for  abbreviated  titles 187 

State  the  abbreviations  for  doctor  of  philosophy,  doctor  of 
laws,  his  majesty's  service,  fellow  of  the  royal  society, 
September.  Punctuate  each  correctly 202-207 

What  is  the  meaning  of  the  wireless  signal  C.  Q.  D.? 203 

Give  the  meaning  of  each  of  the  following  abbreviations  and 
degrees:  A.  B.,  C.  P.  A.,  F.  R.  C.  S.,  I.  H.  S.,  R.  S.  V.  P., 
Xn.,  J.  U.  D 202-208 

What  rule  for  capitals  is  applied  when  a  title  is  used  in  place  of 

a  person's  name? 187 

In  what  cases  should  quotations  begin  with  capitals?    When 

should  they  not? 187-188 

What  is  the  object  of  punctuation?    Explain   the  difference 

between  close  and  loose  punctuation 188 

70 


Show  how  changing  the  position  of  a  comma  may  alter  the 

meaning  of  a  sentence 188 

Give  the  names  of  the  marks  used  for  punctuation 188 

In  what  two  cases  are  periods  always  used? 188 

State  five  rules  for  the  use  of  the  comma.    Give  an  example  of 

each 188-189 

Illustrate  the  difference  between  a  restrictive  clause  and  a  descrip- 
tive clause.  How  is  the  comma  used  with  such  clauses? . .  189 

When  should  a  subject  clause  be  followed  by  a  comma? 189 

Compare  the  use  of  the  semicolon  with  the  use  of  the  comma. .     189 
When  is  the  semicolon  used  between  clauses  joined  by  for,  but, 
and?    When  is  it  used  between  the  parts  of  a  compound 

sentence? 189 

How  do  authorities  differ  in  regard  to  the  punctuation  of  sen- 
tences containing  as,  viz.,  that  is? 190 

Give  three  illustrations  of  different  rules  for  the  use  of  the  colon.     190 

When  should  the  interrogation  point  be  used? . . . .' 190 

Explain  the  position  of  the  interrogation  point  when  used  with 

quotation  marks 190 

When  are  the  marks  of  parentheses  used?    When  are  brackets 

used?    Give  illustrations 190 

Show  the  use  ©f  the  dash  as  a  mark  of  punctuation  by  giving 

two  illustrations 190 

State  three  uses  of  the  hyphen 190 

What  is  the  purpose  of  the  double  quotation  marks?    The  single 

quotation  marks?     Illustrate  each 190-191 

What  is  the  present  tendency  in  regard  to  the  use  of  capitals 

and  marks  of  punctuation? 191 

CORRECT  USE   OF  WORDS 

What  is  the  correct  pronunciation  of  the  following  words:  address, 
adult,  aeroplane,  apparatus,  chiropodist,  clematis,  clique, 
clothes,  eczema? 267-270 

Pronounce  correctly  the  following:  Anzac,  Apache,  Calais,  Cleo- 
patra, Danish,  Eiffel,  Goethals,  JekyU. 267-271 

How  should  the  following  be  pronounced:  abdomen,  acclimate, 

apricot,  aunt,  bicycle,  frontier? 267-271 

Give  the  correct  pronunciation  of  bouquet,  calliope,  clandestine, 

column,  comparable,  curator 268-270 

Is  your  pronunciation  of  the  following  words  correct:  exit, 
exquisite,  financier,  frappe",  genuine,  mauve,  meringue, 
modiste,  vagary,  vaudeville? 270-274 

71 


What  is  the  meaning  of  prima  donna?  Give  the  correct  pronuncia- 
tion  266,  273 

Give  the  correct  pronunciation  and  the  meaning  of  the  following: 
apropos,   chauffeur,  coupe,   decollete,  elite,  passe,  protege, 

tSte-a-tete,  tout-ensemble,  vis-a-vis 263-274 

Do  we  accept  or  except  invitations?    Explain  the  correct  use  of 

except  as  compared  with  besides  and  unless 191,  226,  254 

Distinguish  between  being  almost  killed  and  being  nearly  killed . .     191 
What  are  the  correct  uses  of  the  words  alone  and  only?    Compare 

the  meanings  of  alone,  solitary,  lonely 191,  223 

Give  the  exact  meaning  of  anticipate.    What  is  the  difference 

between  prevent  and  anticipate? 192,  250 

Correct  the  error  in  the  following  sentence:  "I  am  anxious  to 
have  you  live  ia  New  York."     What  different  emotions  are 

expressed  by  distress  and  anxiety? 192,  237 

Give  sentences  in  which  the  following  words  are  correctly  used: 

ability,  capacity,  talent 221 

How  does  intellect  differ  from  talent?    What  is  the  difference 

between  talent  and  genius? 246 

When  a  man  beats  his  horse,  is  the  horse  abused  or  misused? ...     221 
Which  of  the  following  is  correct:  "I  am  going  to  make  a  visit,"  or 

"I  am  going  to  pay  a  visit"? 195 

Should  we  say  "Come  to  see  me"  or  "Come  and  see  me"? 191 

What  rule  applies  to  the  use  of  the  words  farther  and  further? . . .     194 
Explain  and  illustrate  the  meaning  of  the  words  emigrant  and 

immigrant 193 

In  what  kind  of  sentence  should  the  connectives  so  and  as  be 

used  together?    When  as  and  as? • 192 

State  the  difference  between  a  dictionary,  a  lexicon,  and  an 

encyclopedia 236 

Do  we  cite  authors  or  do  we  quote  them?   Illustrate  the  distinction.    229 
Are  all  authors  writers?    Are  all  writers  authors?    Explain . .     255 
What  is  a  calamity?    A  disaster?    Was  the  San  Francisco  earth- 
quake a  calamity  or  a  disaster?     How  do  calamity  and  loss 

compare  in  meaning? 227,  193 

Do  we  differ  from  or  with  a  person?     Are  certain  things  different 

to  or  different  from  other  things? 193 

Compare  the   correct   uses   of   the  following   words:  difference^ 

variety;  difference,  distinction;  difference,  altercation 236 

How  are  the  words  affect  and  effect  correctly  used? 193,  222,  238 

Point  out  the  error  in  this  sentence:    He  had  ought  to  go 194 

Explain   the   distinction   between   the  meanings  of   the   words 

character  and  reputation 229 

72 


Correct  the  following  sentence:  I  know  a  widow  woman  in 

New  York. 198 

What  is  the  difference  between  proclaiming  and  publishing? 

Use  proclaim  correctly  in  a  sentence 234 

What  is  wrong  in  this  sentence:  The  individual  left  here  on 

the  last  train? 194-195 

To  what  do  the  words  fewer  and  less  apply?  Illustrate  their 

correct  use 194 

Distinguish  between  crime  and  vice  by  using  these  words  in 

sentences 233 

When  do  we  excuse  and  when  do  we  pardon?  When  do  we  for- 
give?  239,  242 

Correct  the  error  in  the  following  sentence  and  give  a  reason 

for  your  answer:  Those  kind  of  apples  are  good 197 

What  is  the  difference  between  salary  and  wages?  Between  allow- 
ance and  stipend? 223 

How  does  an  axiom  differ  from  a  proverb?    What  is  an  adage?.     225 

Correct  the  following  sentences  and  give  a  reason  for  the  correction: 

Leave  me  be.  Leave  me  go 195 

Show  by  sentences  the  correct  use  of  the  words  lie  and  lay  in 
the  present  tense.  In  the  past  tense.  Correct  the  sentence: 
He  laid  upon  the  bed  a  long  time 195 

Contrast  the  meanings  of  the  words  enough  and  sufficient 239 

Explain  the  use  of  learn  and  teach.  Point  out  the  error  in  this 

sentence:  I  wish  you  would  learn  me  to  write 195 

Do  we  lend  money  or  do  we  loan  it? 195 

Which  has  the  highest  authority,  an  ambassador,  an  envoy  or  a 

plenipotentiary?  Explain  their  different  functions 223 

What  is  the  difference  between  truth  and  veracity? 254 

When  do  we  avenge  wrong  and  when  do  we  revenge  wrong? 192 

Is  it  possible  for  a  person  to  be  civil  without  being  polite?  Give 

a  reason  for  your  answer.  What  does  genteel  mean? ....  229,  242 

Does  your  coat  sit  well  or  set  well?  ^Does  the  hen  set  on  eggs 

or  does  she  sit  on  eggs? 196 

Explain  clearly  the  use  of  the  words  sit  and  set.  Give  the  origin 

of  the  saying  that  the  sun  sets 196 

When  do  we  stop  at  a  hotel  and  when  do  we  stay  at  a  hotel? . .     197 

Is  there  any  difference  between  correction,  discipline,  and  punish- 
ment? Illustrate  by  using  these  words  correctly  in  sen- 
tences   233 

What  word  should  generally  be  used  instead  of  lady?  What 

word  is  usually  preferable  to  gentleman? 195 

Distinguish  between  error  and  fault 239 

73 


Which  word  in  the  following  sentence  is  superfluous:    A  number 

of  people  congregated  together  in  the  hall? 193 

When  do  we  purchase  and  when  do  we  buy? 196 

Correct  the  error  in  this  sentence:  He  lives  on  Jefferson  street.     197 
Explain  the  difference  between  habitation  and  home.  Between 

house  and  residence 243-244 

Do  we  die  of,  with,  or  from  a  certain  disease? 193 

Distinguish  between  contagion  and  infection.     Give     the     correct 

use  of  contagious,  epidemical,  pestilential 232 

When  do  we  cry  and  when  do  we  weep? 234 

Is  a  large  tree  high  or  tall?     Is  the  bird's  nest  in  the  top  of  the 
tree  high  or  lofty?    Give  a  sentence  in  which  lofty  is  correctly 

used 244 

What  is  wrong  in  this  sentence:    I    took    the   medicine  as  a 

preventative? ". 196 

Give  accurately  the  use  of  the  following  words:  business,  occupa- 
tion, employment 227 

Distinguish  between  the  meanings  of  vocation  and  avocation . .     227 

Explain  the  difference  between  increase  and  grow 246 

Do  we  smell  the  rose  or  smell  of  the  rose? 197 

Can  a  person  be  conspicuous  without  being  prominent? •    250 

By  what  rule  is  the  use  of  can  and  may  governed?     Illustrate  by 

sentences  in  which  can  and  may  are  correctly  used 228,  195 

Find  the  error  in  the  sentence:    She  lives  a  long  ways  from  the 

school 198 

Do  ingenious  and  ingenuous  mean  the  same?    Give  a  reason  for 

your  answer." 246 

Give  the  difference  between  the  words  intend  and  purpose.  Which 

is  the  stronger  word,  purpose  or  design? 195,  235 

Show  how  shall  and  will  are  correctly  used  to  express  the  future. 

How  to  express  determination 197 

Give  the  exact  meaning  of  the  following  sentence:    We  will  go  to 

the  picnic  tomorrow,  rain  or  shine 197 

What  does  the  following  sentence  mean:    I  will  dr«wn   and 
nobody  shall  help  me?     Transpose  shall  and  witt  and  explain 

the  meaning  of  the  altered  sentence 197 

Find  the  error  in  this  sentence:    The  goods  arrived  all  O.  K. . . .     206 
Correct  the  following  sentences  and  give  reasons  for  the  cor- 
rections:    (a)    You  may  have  all  of  it.     (b)    She   had   no 

money  at  all.    (c)  These  hats  are  both  just  alike 191-192 

Do  we  put  potatoes  in  the  basket  or  into  the  basket?    Is  there 
any  difference  between  walking  into  the  room  and  walking 

in  the  room? 194 

74 


What  rule  is  given  for  the  use  of  the  prepositions  in  and  intet 

Which  of  the  two  is  sometimes  an  adverb? 194 

Explain  the  difference  between  audience  and  spectators.  Is  it 

correct  to  speak  of  the  audience  at  a  ball  game? 192 

"I  calculate  to  go  away  tomorrow."  Correct  the  foregoing  sen- 
tence, and  explain  what  calculate  means 193,  227 

Do  we  write  all  over  the  page  or  over  all  the  page? 191 

Can  one  have  a  bad  temper  with  a  good  disposition?  Explain 

your  answer 237 

Why  should  we  not  say,  "I  expect  you  know  all  about  it"?  Give 

the  sentence  correctly 194 

Give  the  correct  use  of  the  words  beautiful,  handsome,  pretty. 
Is  a  handsome  face  always  a  pretty  one?  Would  you  call  a 
delicately  colored  flower  handsome? 226 

"To  the  victors  belong  the  spoils  of  the  enemy."  Is  the  fore- 
going statement  justified  by  the  meaning  of  the  words  victor 
and  conqueror? 232 

Make  a  careful  distinction  between  the  meanings  of  booty,  spoil  and 

prey.  Use  these  words  correctly  in  sentences 227 

Do  we  make  experiments  or  do  we  try  them? 197 

Do  we  sustain  injuries  or  receive  them? >  197 

Distinguish  between  cause,  reason,  motive.  Causes  produce 

effects.  What  do  reasons  and  motives  produce? 228 

Is  it  permissible  to  end  a  sentence  with  a  preposition? 193-194 

What  is  the  difference  between  a  person's  manners  and  his  morals? 
Between  his  air  and  his  manner?  Illustrate  the  correct 
use  of  these  words 248,  223 

LETTER  WRITING 

Name  the  six  parts  of  a  letter 214 

What  must  the  heading  of  a  letter  contain?  Should  the  heading 
be  written  on  one  line  or  on  two  lines?  How  should  it  be 
punctuated? 214 

In  dating  a  business  letter  what  abbreviations  are  used  for 
January,  February,  and  other  months?  Which  months 
are  not  abbreviated? 202-287 

On  which  line  should  the  address  begin?    How  should  it  be 
written?    Should  the  word  street  or  avenue  in  the  address  A 
begin  with  a  capital? 214 

Give  three  forms  of  salutation  for  a  formal  letter.  What  is  the 
most  formal  salutation?  To  whom  is  it  addressed?  Is  a 
complimentary  salutation  used  for  the  president  of  the 
United  States? 214 

75 


Why  is  it  proper  to  write  "My  dear  Mr.  Jones"  to  a  stranger? 
Which  is  regarded  as  the  more  formal  address — "Dear  Mr. 
Brown"  or  "My  dear  Mr.  Brown"? 214 

What  word  of  the  salutation  must  always  be  capitalized?  State 
the  difference  of  opinion  in  regard  to  the  capitalization  of 
its  other  words 214-215 

How   should   the   salutation  be   punctuated?    Why  should  the 

dash  not  be  used? 215 

On   what  line   should   the   body  of   the   letter  begin?    Where 

should  a  margin  be  left?    How  wide  should  the  margin  be? . .     215 

What  is  meant  by  the  complimentary  close?    Where  should 

it  be  written?    Give  a  rule  for  its  capitals  and  punctuation.     215 

Name  the  forms  of  complimentary  closing  used  in  business 
correspondence.  What  forms  should  be  used  when  the 
writer  intends  to  show  respect? 215 

Where  should  the  signature  be  written?  If  one  wishes  to  sign 
"Miss"  or  "Mrs."  to  a  business  letter,  within  what  marks 
should  such  words  be  inclosed? 215 

What  is  the  address  on  the  envelope  called? 215 

Of  how  many  lines  does  the  superscription  usually  consist?  In 
what  order  are  they  arranged?  Where  should  the  first 
line  be  written? 215 

How  should  the  superscription  be  punctuated?    Are  commas 
*»    to  be  used  on  the  envelope? 215 

What  title  is  prefixed  to  the  name  of  a  clergyman?  To  what 
persons  is  the  term  "honorable"  applied?  How  is  it  abbre- 
viated?  215-216 

Should  a  degree,  such  as  LL.D.,  be  written  after  a  man's  name, 

if  Hon.  has  been  used  before  the  name? 216 

Correct  these  errors:  Hon.  Judge  Boyd,  Rev.  Jones.  Is  it  per- 
missible to  address  a  letter  to  Mrs.  Dr.  Brown? 216 

Give  the  exact  form  for  the  outside  and  the  inside  of  a  letter 
addressing  the  president  of  the  United  States.  How  is 
the  governor  of  the  state  to  be  addressed? 216 

Give  general  rules  for  business  letters.     How  long  may  a  business 

letter  remain  unanswered? 216 

Distinguish  fully  between  a  business  letter  and  a  friendly  letter. 
,    / 216-217,  219-220 

How  may  a  letter  of  recommendation  be  addressed?    Write  a 

letter  of  recommendation 217 

In  what  person  are  formal  invitations  always  written?  In  what 
person  should  the  reply  to  a  formal  invitation  be  written? 

Give  an  example  of  a  formal  invitation 218-219 

76 


Write  a  letter  of  application.  A  note  of  introduction.  An 

informal  invitation 217-219 

For  what  purposes  may  a  post  card  be  used?  Is  it  permissible 

to  write  a  personal  message  on  a  post  card? 220 

HIGHER   ENGLISH 

Account  for  the  origin  of  figurative  language.    What  is  a  figure 

of  speech? 208-209 

Make  three  literal  statements.    Express  the  same  thoughts  in 

figurative  language 209 

Define  figure  of  grammar.  Figure  of  rhetoric.  When  we  speak 
of  figurative  language  do  we  usually  mean  figures  of  gram- 
mar or  figures  of  rhetoric? 209-210 

Name  the  classes  into  wnich  figures  of  grammar  are  divided.  How* 
many  figures  of  orthography  are  mentioned?  How  many 
of  etymology?  How  many  of  syntax? 209-210 

Give  an  illustration  of  each  of  the  figures  of  orthography 209 

What  are  figures  of  etymology?    What  sorts  of  changes  are 

made  in  words  by  these  figures? 209-210 

What  is  a  figure  of  syntax?    Name  two  principal  figures  of  syntax 

and  give  an  illustration  of  each s  210 

Into  how  many  classes  are  figures  of  rhetoric  divided?    On  what  is 

each  of  the  first  four  based? 210 

Name  the  figures  based  on  resemblance.    Give  two  examples  of 

simile.    Of  metaphor 210-211 

By  what  words  is  the  comparison  in  simile  usually  introduced? 

Which  are  the  best  similes? 210 

How  does  a  metaphor  differ  from  a  simile?    Give  sentences  to  show  x 
the  difference.     Illustrate  two  grades  of  metaphors 210-211 

Which  figure  of  speech  is  more  commonly  used  than  any  other?.     211 

Compare  personification  with  metaphor.  Define  personifica- 
tion. Give  an  example 211 

What  is  allegory?  Discuss  the  resemblance  between  allegory, 
metaphor,  and  simile.  State  two  marked  differences  between 
the  metaphor  and  the  allegory 211 

Mention  two  well-known  allegories.    Name  their  authors.  Ou1>- 

line  the  story  of  each 211,  374,  376 

Point  out  and  name  the  figures  based  on  resemblance  which  are 
found  in  the  following  sentences:  "Experience  keeps  a 
dear  school,  but  fools  will  learn  in  no  other."  "Falsehood 
is  cowardice — truth  is  courage."  "He  had  a  face  like  a 
benediction." 210-211 

77 


Give  the  names  of  the  figures  based  on  contiguity.    Define 

each 211 

Name  six  varieties  of  metonymy.    Give  an  example  of  each 

variety 211 

State  what  kind  of  metonymy  is  used  in  each  of  the  following 
sentences:  (a)  Do  you  enjoy  Dickens?  (b)  Our  flag 
must  be  respected,  (c)  The  battleships  opened  fire  at  Vera 
Cruz,  (d)  The  fisherman's  net  was  drying  in  the  sun 211 

How  does  synecdoche  differ  from  metonymy?  Give  an  illus- 
tration   211 

State  whether  synecdoche  or  metonymy  is  employed  in  the  follow- 
ing sentence:  "Shoot,  if  you  must,  this  old  gray  head."..  211 

How  many  figures  are  based  on  contrast  or  surprise?    Name 

and  define  three  of  them 211-212 

Give    three    examples    of    antithesis.    Of  epigram.    To    which 

class  does  the  pun  belong? 212 

What  is  irony?    Quote  a  famous  passage  illustrating  this  figure 

of  speech "212 

To  what  class  of  figures  does  hyperbole  belong?    Name  three 

jother  figures  belonging  to  the  same  class 212-213 

Give  an  example  of  hyperbole.  What  is  the  effect  of  the  fre- 
quent use  of  this  figure? 212 

Explain  the  folio  whig  figures  and  give  an  example  of  each:  excla- 
mation, apostrophe,  vision 212-213 

Tell  what  figure  of  speech  is  used  in  each  of  the  following  sen- 
tences: "Give  us  this  day  our  .daily  bread."  "How  dear 
to  my  heart  are  the  scenes  of  my  childhood!"  "Fools  rush 
in  where  angels  fear  to  tread."  "Roll  on,  thou  deep  and 
dark  blue  ocean — roll!"  "Waves  mountain  high  washed 
the  boat  ashore."  "The  more  haste,  the  leas  speed." 
"Thrilling  tales  told  to  tiny  tots." 211-213 

Distinguish  clearly  between  climax  and  anticlimax.    In  what  class 

of  writing  is  anticlimax  often  used? 213 

Define  euphemism,  onomatoposia,  alliteration.  Give  illustra- 
tions of  each 213 

Name   two   types  of   composition.    Compare   the   language  of 

prose  with  the  language  of  poetry 198 

What  are  the  chief  varieties  of  prose  composition?    What  does 

each  accomplish? 198 

State  the  aim  of  narration.    Mention  nine  forms  of  writing 

that  may  be  classed  umder  narration 198 

What  is  a  plot?    Hew  do  letters,  memoirs,  and  biographies  differ 

from  stories,  novels,  and  dramas? 198 

78 


Name  some  books  of  travel  and  their  authors.  What  books  of 
travel  have  been  written  by  Frank  G.  Carpenter?  John 
Muir?  Theodore  Roosevelt? 198,  416-482 

What  is  the  difference  between  biography  and  autobiography? 
How  do  memoirs  differ  from  biography?  Mention  a  well- 
known  autobiography.  What  biographies  did  Washington 
Irving  write? 198,  448 

How  does  history  differ  from  memoirs?  From  biography? 

Name  some  well-written  histories 198-199 

What  is  the  aim  of  fiction?  Name  at  least  six  forms  of  fiction. 

What  educational  value  have  the  best  novels? 199 

Explain  the  difference  between  a  myth  and  a  fable.  Between 

a  parable  and  an  allegory 199 

What  are  folk-tales  and  legends?  To  what  form  of  composition 
do  they  belong?  Name  some  well-known  writers  of  short, 
stories,  and  mention  some  of  their  best-known  works 199 

Of  what  may  description  treat?  Which  is  easier — to  describe 
external  objects  or  to  delineate  character?  Mention  three 
celebrated  writers  who  have  excelled  in  description  of 
character 198,  199-200 

How  is  description  related  to  narration?  In  what  respect  doea 
exposition  differ  from  both  description  and  narration? 
Name  five  forms  of  exposition 199,  200, 198 

Distinguish  between  an  editorial  and  an  essay.  Between  a  review 

and  a  criticism.  Name  three  writers  of  notable  essays . . .  200 

What  is  the  purpose  of  argumentative  discourse?  Of  what 
steps  does  such  a  discourse  consist?  How  does  it  differ 
from  a  debate? 200 

Into  what  classes  of  composition  is  persuasion  divided?  State 
the  aim  of  persuasion.  How  does  the  appeal  made  by 
persuasion  differ  from  the  appeal  made  by  argumentation  and 
exposition? 200 

How  does  a  lecture  differ  from  a  sermon?  From  an  oration? 

From  an  address? 200 

Mention  two  celebrated  orations.  What  rank  does  the  oration 

occupy  in  prose  composition? 200 

Name  the  three  parts  into  which  orations,  addresses,  and  speeches 

are  divided 200 

What  are  the  three  kinds  of  arguments  used  in  a  sermon?  Of 

how  many  parts  does  a  sermon  consist? 200-201 

Into  how  many  groups  is  poetry  divided?    Name  them 198 

Explain  how  poetry  differs  from  prose,  mentioning  ferm,  language, 

and  aim 201 

79 


What  is  the  character  of  epic  poetry?    Name  some  of  the  great 

epics  and  their  authors 201 

To  what  class  of  poetry  do  "Evangeline"  and  the  "Lay  of  the 

Last  Minstrel"  belong?  Name  others  of  the  same  class. . .  201 
Give  an  outline  of  the  "Faerie  Queene".  Of  "The  Lay  of  the 

Last  Minstrel" 357,  366 

How  do  the  ballad  and  the  tale  differ  from  the  epic  and  metrical 

romances? . .. 201 

To  what  class  of  poetry  do  "Robin  Hood"  and  "Chevy  Chase" 

belong?  Tell  something  about  these  poems 201,  378,  350 

What  are  the  characteristics  of  dramatic  poetry?  Before  the 

age  of  Shakespere,  what  was  the  highest  form  of  dramatic 

art?  Who  were  the  dramatists  of  Pericles'  time? 198,201 

What  are  the  chief  divisions  of  the  drama?  Distinguish  between 

tragedy  and  comedy 201i 

Outline  the  plot  of  "Hamlet".  Of  "Macbeth".  By  whom  were 

these  written?     To  what  class  of  dramatic  poetry  do  they 

belong? 361,  369,  201 

Mention  five  well-known  comedies.  Give  the  names  of  the  authors. .  201 
Give  a  brief  sketch  of,"Pippa  Passes."  Of  "Merchant  jof 

Venice."    Of    "Midsummer    Night's    Dream."     Which    of 

Shak«spere's  plays  are  called  his  fairy  plays? 201,  376,  371 

What  is  the  story  of  "The  Tempest"?  Of  "She  Stoops  to 

Conquer*'?  Name  the  author  of  each 383,  382 

How  does  opera  differ  from  drama?  What  is  melodrama?  Name 

the  author  and  composer  of  the  world's  greatest  operas . . .  201 
What  classes  of  poems  belong  to  the  lyric  group?  Mention  a 

lyric  poem  by  Ben  Jonson.      By  Tennyson.      By  Burns. 

; 201,  390,  202 

Distinguish  the  ode  from  other  poetic  forms.  Mention  some 

English  odes.    Give  the  first  line  of  Milton's  "Hymn  on  the 

Nativity."  Wordsworth's  "Ode  on  Immortality.".  .  .201-202,  389 
What  is  the  nature  of  an  elegy?  Mention  three  elegies.  Give 

their  first  lines 202,  387-389 

Of  how  many  lines  does  a  sonnet  consist?  What  are  its  themes? 

Name  three  English  poets  who  have  written  sonnets 202 

Mention  a  sonnet  by  Richard  Watson  Gilder.  Quote  its  first 

line 202,  214 

Compare  didactic  poetry  with  other  poetic  forms.  Give  the  title 

of  one  didactic  poem 202 

Account  for  the  popularity  of  lyric  poems 202 

What  form  of  poetry  is  "Essay  on  Man"?  "In  Memoriam"? 

"Lead,  Kindly  Light"? 202 


LITERATURE 

What  is  literature,  and  what  is  its  kindred  science? 277 

Compare  literature  and  history.  Show  how  the  two  are  closely 

affiliated 277 

By  what  manner  of  study  can  any  single  literature  be  best  under- 
stood?   277 

Name  seven  ancient  oriental  literatures 277 

Into  what  three  periods  may  the  development  of  early  literatures 

be  divided? 277 

Between  2000  B.  C.  and  1500  B.  C.  what  was  the  character  of 

inscriptions  made  in  Babylonia  and  Assyria?  In  Egypt?.  277 

Compare  the  golden  age  of  Babylonian  literature  with  the  literary 

conditions  of  China  and  Arabia  during  the  same  period..  277 

When  and  by  whom  were  letters  first  used  in  Egypt?  Who  in- 
vented the  Egyptian  alphabet? 55 

Give  items  showing  the  degree  of  civilization  of  Egypt  in  the 

20th  and  19th  centuries  B.  C 55 

Sketch  the  progress  of  literature  during  the  period  from  1500 
-B.  C.  to  1000  B.  C.  Compare  the  literature  of  Egypt  with 
that  of  Babylon  and  the  Hebrews 277 

After  the  year  1000  B.  C.  what  literatures  began  to  decline? 
Compare  the  literary  activity  of  China  during  the  500  years 
following  1000  B.  C.  with  that  of  India,  Arabia,  and  Persia. .  277 

In  what  year  did  Cyrus  the  Persian  conquer  Babylonia?  Compare 
this  conquest  with  the  period  of  decline  of  Babylonian 
literature 58,  277 

In  all  literatures  which  appeared  earlier — prose  or  verse? 294 

To  the  literature  of  what  country  does  the.  oldest  temperance 

ode  in  the  world  belong? 278 

ANCIENT  ORIENTAL  LITERATURES 

Give  a  brief  description  of  the  extent  of  the  literature  of  India.  277 
Name  five  languages  included  in  the  Indo-European  group.  How 

is  the  Sanskrit  related  to  this  group? ..'...  277 

Which  is  the  most  ancient  of  the  Hindu  literatures? 277 

Which  of  the  oriental  literatures  is  supposed  to  bear  the  closest 

resemblance  to  the  primitive  language? 277 

Give  an  account  of  the  Sanskrit,  stating  to  whom  it  is  a  sacred 

language,  by  whom  it  is  now  written    and    spoken,  and 

naming  the  earliest  form  in  which  Sanskrit  appears.  .277, 380 

81 


What  does  Veda  mean?  Divide  the  Vedas  into  four  classes. 
Of  what  does  each  class  consist?  State  the  two  parts  of  each 
Veda 277 

Explain  the  meaning  of  Vedanga.    What  does  Vedanga  include?. 277-278 

What  is  the  code  of  Manu?     The  Mahabharata?     The  Ramayana? 

To  what  times  do  these  writings  belong? 278, 277 

When  and  by  whom  was  Buddhism  founded?  What  are  the 
sacred  books  of  Buddha  called?  In  what  language  are  they 
written? 278,  689 

In  what  country  did  many  of  the  fairy  tales  told  in  English- 
speaking  homes  originate? 278 

In  the  Hindu  mythology  who  were  Vishnu,  Brahma,  Siva?  What 

does  the  word  avatar  mean? 342,  326 

Give  the  legend  of  Rahu.     Who  were  the  Rakshasas? 340 

By  what  name  is  the  earliest  language  of  Persia  known?  To 
what  other  language  is  it  allied?  What  are  the  evidences 
that  the  people  of  India  and  those  of  Persia  were  originally 
one  community? 278 

Name  some  countries  in  which  cuneiform  letters  were  employed.  >' 
What  are  cuneiform  letters? 278,  277,  351 

What  is  the  nature  of  the  Zend-Avesta?  When  was  it  compiled? 
State  the  position  it  occupies  among  Indo-European  litera- 
tures  278,  277 

Whom  do  the  Persians  regard  as  the  author  of  the  Zend-Avesta? 
Of  what  does  the  Avesta  consist,  and  in  what  manner  was 
it  brought  together?  What  is  known  of  the  life  of  Zoroaster? 
278,  504 

When  did  Alexander  the  Great  conquer  Persia?  What  effect 
had  his  conquest  upon  the  language  and  the  literature  of 
the  Persians? 60,  278 

During  what  period  did  modern  Persian  literature  flourish?  How 

does  it  compare  with  the  literature  of  ancient  Persia? . . .     278 

Mention  three  later  Persian  writers — a  great  moral  teacher,  a 

court  historian,  and  a  writer  of  lyric  poems 278 

What  position  did  Firdausi  occupy?     For  what  is  Omar  Khayyam 

celebrated?    Tell  some  facts  about  each 278,  433,  472 

Mention  the  chief  hero  of  the  Persian  romances.    Sketch  the 

story  of  his  life 379 

Give   the   Persian   myths   of   Ormuzd,   Ahriman,   Mithras,   the 

ferohers 324-337 

How  complete  is  the  literature  of  ancient  China?    What  writings 

were  preserved  in  the  sacred  books? 278 

82 


Name  the  first  book  published  in  China.    What  is  known  of  this 

book  and  of  its  original  date? 279 

At  how  early  a  date  was  a  dictionary  of  Chinese  compiled? ....       56 

What  is  the  "Book  of  History"?    The  "Book  of  Rites"?    By 

whom  were  they  compiled? 279 

What  are  the  "Four  Books"?  By  whom  were  they  written? 
What  was  the  influence  of  the  "Five  Classics"  and  the  "Four 
Books"  upon  Chinese  thought  and  life? 279 

During  what  century  did  Confucius  live?  Mention  three  impor- 
tant facts  concerning  his  lif e 422 

Who  was  Laotse?    Of  whom  was  he  a  contemporary?    For  what 

writings  is  he  celebrated? 455 

Who  has  been  called  the  Plato  of  China?  Of  whom  was  he  a 
follower?  State  one  of  his  teachings.  What  was  his  method 
of  discussion?  What  is  theJMengtse? 279,  370 

What  effect  has  the  educational  system  of  the  Chinese  produced 
/    upon  their  students? . .  T-. 279 

Give  an  account  of  the  poetry  of  China.     In  what  form  are  official 

documents  sometimes  issued? >  279 

What  three  philosophies  are  found  in  China?    Mention  some  other 

classes  of  works  predominant  in  Chinese  literature 279 

Which  literature  stands  first  among  the  literatures  of  antiquity?.     279 

Account  for  the  universal  significance  of  Hebrew  literature.   Of 

what  sort  of  people  is  it  the  story? 279 

Mention  some  of  the  characteristics  of  Hebrew  literature  and 

Hebrew  law ^ 279 

In  what  form  has  the  most  important  part  of  Hebrew  literature 
been  preserved?  During  what  period  were  these  books 
written?  Prior  to  that  time  how  was  knowledge  of  Hebrew 
history  preserved? 279-280 

What  is  the  prevalent  idea  of  Hebrew  literature?  Contrast 
the  Hebrew  conception  of  God  with  the  divinities  of  other 
nations 280 

Outline  the  four  periods  into  which  Hebrew  literature  is  divided .     280 

Sketch  the  life  of  Moses,  tracing  the  progress  of  the  Hebrews 

under  his  guidance 468,  55 

Name  the  books  included  in  the  Hebrew  pentateuch.  To  what 
writer  are  they  ascribed?  Outline  the  subject  matter  of 
each  book 280,  375 

What  book  of  the  Bible  is  older  than  the  books  of  Moses? 277 

Give  the  names  of  the  historic  books  of  the  Bible.    Of  the  poetic 

books.    Of  the  books  of  wisdom 280-281 

83  & 


Sketch  the  lives  of  David  and  Solomon.  To  what  class  of  Hebrew 

literature  do  their  writings  belong? 425,  489,  281 

Who  are  the  major  Hebrew  prophets?  How  many  minor  prophets 

are  there? 281 

State  facts  about  Isaiah,  Jeremiah,  Ezekiel,  Daniel 424-450 

What  was  the  period  of  the  Babylonian  captivity?  What  name 
is  given  to  the  literature  of  the  Hebrews  from  the  epoch 
of  the  captivity? 57-58,  280 

To  what  writings  is  the  name  rabbinical  literature  applied? 

What  are  its  characteristics?  What  is  the  septuagint?.  .280,  381 

Divide  the  books  of  the  new  testament  into  four  classes. . . .     281 

Name  the  authors  of  the  four  biographical  books.  Give  addi- 
tional books  of  the  new  testament  written  by  some  of  these 
men.  Which  wrote  the  history  of  the  acts  of  the  apostles? 
281,  451-463 

How  does  an  epistle  differ  from  a  letter?  To  whom  were  the 
Pauline  epistles  addressed?  Outline  the  life  of  St.  Paul. 
247,  281,  474 

What  is  the  apocalypse?    Who  is  said  to  have  written  it?.  .281,  345 

How  many  books  are  there  in  the  old  testament?  How  many  in 

the  new  testament? 280-281 

Briefly  describe  the  Talmud.    Mention  its  two  great  divisions .  280,  383 

Mention  three  celebrated  schools  for  the  study  of  rabbinical 

literature 280 

Compare  the  material  on  which  the  Persians  wrote  with  that  used 
by  the  Babylonians.  What  sort  of  inscriptions  indicate 
a  common  origin  for  these  two  races? 281 

What  were  the  famous  tile  libraries  of  Babylon?  What  subjects 

did  the  works  in  these  libraries  cover? 281 

What  effect  did  the  decline  of  Babylon  have  on  the  literature 

of  Assyria? 281,  277 

Describe  the  library  at  Nineveh.    When  was  it  destroyed? 281 

Under  what  ruler  did  Babylon  build  up  a  great  library? 281 

Mention  some  valuable  records  recovered  from  the  libraries  of 

Babylon  and  Nineveh.  In  what  form  are  these  records?. ..  281 

What  great  discovery,  made  in  1835,  has  opened  to  modern  readers 

the  ancient  language  and  literature  of  Assyria  and  Babylonia?  281 

What  form  of  writing  did  the  Sumerians  originate?     When? ....      281 

Before  the  6th  century  what  was  the  character  of  Arabian  liter- 
ature? .  .' 281 

State  the  influence  of  Mohammed  on  the  advancement  of  learn- 
ing in  Arabia  during  the  7th  and  8th  centuries 281 

Name  a  great  religious  work  written  by  Mohammed.  What  was 

its  aim? 467,  281 

84 


From  what  source  did  Arabian  writers  take  their  stories? 282 

What  is  the  Arabian  Nights? 282 

What  was  the  nature  of  the  Maqama?    Who  originated  it?    Who 

was  its  most  brilliant  writer? 282 

What  can  be  said  concerning  the  universities  and  libraries  of 

Arabia  between  the  10th  and  15th  centuries? 282 

Under  whose  rule  did  Arabian  literature  decline? 282 

Who  was  Avicenna?    What  did  he  write?    To  what  study  did 

Averrhoes  devote  his  life? 402,  401 

What  two  cities  were  centers  of  Arabian  literature  in  the  19th 

century? 282 

Give  the  meaning  of  the  following  according  to  Arabian  mytho- 

•    logy:  peri,  Eblis,  Azrael 326-339 

What  are  meant  by  Al-sirat,  Israfil,  sedrat? 324-341 

Of  what  do  the  remains  of  early  Egyptian  literature  consist? . .     282 
During   what   centuries   were   hieroglyphic   characters   used   in     ' 

Egypt?    What  forms  of  writing  succeeded  the  hieroglyphic?.    282 
What  discovery  about  the  close  of  the  18th  century  simplified 

the  study  of  ancient  Egyptian  literature? 282,  378 

Mention  three  religious  works  of  the  early  Egyptians.    Name 

a,  moral   treatise  contemporaneous  with  the  "Book  of  the 

Dead" 282,  277 

What  was  the  golden  age  of  Egyptian  literature? 277 

Give  the  title  of  the  oldest  fairy  story  in  the  world  and  tell  how 

long  ago  it  was  written 282 

GREEK  LITERATURE 

Name  three  traditional  poets  of  ancient  Greece.  Sketch  some 

of  the  early  legends  of  Greece 283 

What  were  the  twelve  labors  of  Hercules?  How  does  Hercules 
rank  among  the  Grecian  heroes?  What  was  his  distinguish- 
ing characteristic? 331 

Describe  the  expedition  of  the  argonauts.  The  ship  in  which 

they  sailed 325 

Tell  something  about  Jason,  Castor  and  Pollux,  Theseus,  Colchis, 

the  golden  fleece,  Medea 326-342,  325 

In  what  period  did  Homer  live?  From  what  war  do  his  two 
great  poems  date?  Which  poem  is  called  the  beginning 
of  literature? 282-283,  446 

State  some  theories  in  regard  to  the  authorship  of  the  Homeric 

poems.  Give  the  traditions  of  Homer's  lif e 446-447 

What  two  poems  are  the  foundation  of  Grecian  literature?  To 

what  class  of  poetry  do  they  belong? 283,  201 

85 


When  was  the  Iliad  written?  Of  how  many  books  does  it  con- 
sist? What  does  it  commemorate? 363 

Give  the  mythical  history  of  Paris,  Helen,  Menelaus.  Outline 

the  story  of  the  Iliad 331-338,  363 

According  to  the  Iliad  what  parts  did  the  following  play  in 
the  Trojan  war — Agamemnon,  Hector,  Achilles,  Priam? 
, 324-340,  363 

Tell  the  story  of  the  Odyssey.  By  what  other  name  is  Ulysses 
known?  Describe  the  characters  of  Ulysses  and  Penelope. 
373,  342,  339 

In  what  ways  were  Calypso,  Circe,  Telemachus,  Nestor,  and 

Mentor  connected  with  the  wanderings  of  Ulysses? .  373,  326-341 

Why  were  the  cyclic  poets  so  called?  When  did  they  flourish? 

What  do  their  poems  recount? 283 

State  the  time  at  which  Hesiod  lived.  What  are  his  two  repre- 
sentative poems?  Contrast  his  works  with  those  of 
Homer 282,  283 

By  what  name  are  poems  that  aim  to  teach  known?  What  is 
the  theme  of  Hesiod's  "Works  and  Days"?  Of  his 
"Theogony"? 202,  283 

During  what  period  was  the  epic  the  only  poetic  form  used  in 
Greece?  Explain  how  the  republican  movement  in  Greece 
led  to  the  development  of  the  elegy  and  the  epigram ....  283 

Name  the  author  of  some  Greek  elegies.  When  did  Thales 

live  and  what  did  he  write? 283,  282,  494 

During  what  centuries  did  JEsop  live?  What  is  the  character 

of  his  writings?  TeU  what  is  known  of  his  life 283,  394 

What  is  meant  by  the  seven  wise  men?    Who  were  they?.381,  283,  116 

What  is  the  character  of  the  lyric  poems  of  Greece?  Mention 

three  writers  of  lyrics.  Which  is  the  greatest? 283,  282 

Give  some  facts  about  Anacreon.  To  what  sort  of  verse  is  the 

term  anacreontic  applied? 397,  344 

Mention  the  founders  of  three  schools  of  Greek  philosophy. 

What  was  the  teaching  of  each  school? 284 

Sketch  the  lives  of  Anaxagoras,  Anaximander,  and  Diogenes. 
To  what  school  of  philosophy  did  they  belong?  Which 
opened  the  first  school  of  philosophy  at  Athens? 397-427,  284 

Mention  three  noted  Greeks  who  were  pupils  of  Anaxagoras 397 

At  about  what  time  did  Pythagoras  live?  Mention  three  of  his 
doctrines.  When  did  Zeno  live?  When  was  the  stoic 
school  of  philosophy  founded? 284,  479,  504 

How  did  Grecian  drama  originate?  Who  is  known  as  the  founder 

of  dramatic  art?. 284 

86 


Mention  three  of  the  greatest  writers  of  Greek  tragedy.    What 

Greek  writer  holds  the  highest  place  as  a  writer  of  comedy? .     284 

Give  facts  about  ^Eschylus,  Sophocles,  Euripedes  and  Aristoph- 
anes. Under  which  did  Greek  drama  reach  its  highest 
excellence? 284,  394-489 

Who  was  the  first  Greek  writer  of  history?    Name  two  other 

great  Greek  historians  and  compare  their  styles  of  writing.     284 

Sketch  the  lives  of  Herodotus.  Thucydides,  and  Xenophon. 
Which  is  called  the  father  of  history?  What  did  Thucydides 
write?  What  historic  retreat  is  the  subject  of  Xenophon's 
Anabasis? 44£-504,  284 

Name  five  Greek  orators.  Which  established  a  school  of  politi- 
cal oratory?  What  two  of  these  were  rivals? 284 

Give  an  account  of  the  lives  of  Demosthenes  and  ^Eschines .  426,  394 

At  what  time  was  Socrates  born?  What  was  his  early  occu- 
pation? To  what  great  work  was  much  of  his  life  devoted? 
How  did  Socrates'  philosophy  differ  from  that  of  his  pred- 
ecessors?  489,  284 

Through  the  writings  of  which  cf  Socrates'  pupils  are  the  prin- 
ciples of  Socrates  best  expressed? 284 

Of  whom  was  Plato  a  pupil?  What  are  the  characteristics  of 
Plato's  writings?  Give  an  account  of  his  life.  What  is 
Plato's  "Phsedo"?  His  "Republic"? 477,  284,  375,  377 

Who  was  the  teacher  of  Aristotle?  How  was  he  described  by 
that  teacher?  Tell  something  of  Aristotle's  philosophic 
work 399,  284 

Who  founded  the  epicurean  school  of  philosophy?     What  are 

its  teachings?    Of  what  school  did  it  become  a  rival?.  .284,  431 

In  what   century   did  Euclid  lay   the  foundation  for  modern 

geometry?     What  is  known  of  his  life? 284,  431 

What  did  Archimedes  write?  In  what  scientific  field  was  he  a 
brilliant  inventor?  What  do  modern  engineers  owe  to 
Archimedes? 283,  399,  284 

Who  conquered  Greece  in   146  B.  C.?    What -effect  had  this 

conquest  on  the  literature  of  Greece? 62,  284 

Name  some  of  the  writers  of  Greece  after  the  Roman  conquest.     284 

For   what   work   is   Plutarch   celebrated?    To   what   school   of 

philosophy  did  he  belong?. 477,  284 

In  what  century  did  Epictetus  teach?    What  position  did  he 

occupy  during  early  life?. 431,  284 

According  to  Greek  mythology  who  were  the  Titans,  Kronos, 

and  Cybele? 342,  333,  327 

87 


How  was  the  government  of  the  world  divided  among  Zens, 

Poseidon,  and  Hades?  What  part  did  each  obtain? 342 

Where  did  Zeus  live?  What  was  the  extent  of  his  power? 342 

What  important  position  does  each  of  the  following  gods  occupy 

in   Greek   mythology:     Aphrodite,    Apollo,    Ares,  'Artemis, 

Bacchus,  Demeter,  Hera,  Hermes,  Hestia,  Pallas-Athene? .  325-338 
Over  what  did  each  of  the  following  gods  preside:  ^Eolus, 

uEsculapius,  Eos,  Helios,  Iris,  Nemesis,  Nox,  Pan,  Plutus, 

Themis? 324-341 

Where  was  the  palace  of  Poseidon?  Over  what  did  he  rule?. .  340 
Who  was  Triton?  What  were  Scylla  and  Charybdis,  the  hydra, 

naiads,  nereids,  Oceanus,  sirens? 327-342 

Who  was  Hades?  What  was  the  ensign  of  his  power?  What 

blessings  did  he  give? 330-331 

Where  was  the  river  Lethe?  To  what  region  was  the  name 

Erebus  applied?  Who  was  Cerberus? 334,  329,  327 

Describe  the  rivers  Styx,  Cocytus,  Acheron.  Who  was  Charon? 

324,  327,  341 

What  were  the  duties  of  the  Eumenides?  Fates?  Harpies? 

Nemesis? 329-336 

Name  the  nine  muses  and  tell  over  what  each  one  presided. 

Where  did  they  live? 336 

Give  the  legend  connected  with  each  of  the  folio  whig:  Clytie, 

Daphne,  Echo,  Hyacinthus,  Iris,  Lotis,  Narcissus v.  .327-336 

How  did  the  Greeks  immortalize  Andromeda,  Casseopeia, 

Castor  and  Pollux  (Gemini),  Orion,  Pleiades,  Sirius? 325-341 

Tell  the  story  of  one  exploit  of  Perseus  and  one  of  Bellerophon 

as  found  hi  the  following  references:    Perseus,   helmet  of 

Hades,  Medusa,  Pegasus,  Hippocrene,  Bellerophon,  Pirene, 

the  ehimaera 326-339 

Who  was  Theseus?  Associate  the  following  with  one  of  his 

adventures:  Minos,  Daedalus,  the  minotaur,  Ariadne. . 342,  325-336 
What  and  where  is  each  of  the  following:  Castaly,'!  Delphi, 

Elysium,  Helicon,  Olympus,  Parnassos,  Pelion? 326-339 

Tell  something  of  Adonis,  Antaeus,  Arachne,  Atlas,  Briareus, 

Cadmus,  Chiron,  Hygeia,  Orpheus,  Phaeton 324-339 

LATIN  LITERATURE 

What  is  the  character  of  the  first  writings  of  the  Romans? 

Compare  with  the  early  literature  of  other  nations 285 

In  what  wars  was  Rome  engaged  between  264  and  146  B.  C.? 
How  did  this  affect  the  intellectual  condition  and  the  litera- 
ture of  the  Romans?. .  138,  285 


Whose  name  comes  first  in  the  literature  of  Rome?    What  was 

his  nationality? 285 

What  great  change  in  Roman  customs  was  instituted  by  Livius 

Andronieus?    In  what  year?    How  long  were  his  writings 

used  as  texts  in  the  Roman  schools? 285 

Name  two  great  comic  poets  of  Rome.  Mention  one  work  of 

each 285/284 

Who  is  known  as  the  father  of  Latin  song?  When  did  he  live? 

What  did  he  write? 285,  284 

Against  what ]were  the  satires  of  Lucilius  directed?  Who  invented 

the  word  satire? 285 

Give  an  account  of  Cato  as  a  writer  and  as  a  Roman  citizen. 

What  was  the  nature  of  his  greatest  work? 285 

Mention  five  noted  Latin  authors  who  wrote  during  the  let 

century  B.  C ,  .284,  285 

What  influence  did  Cicero  exert  on  the  Latin  language?  What 

was  the  varied  character  of  his  writings? 285,  284 

At  what  age  did  Cicero  begin  to  speak  in  public?  What  offices 

did  he  fill?     What  conditions  led  to  his  proscription  and 

death? 419 

Explain  the  patriotic  act  which  earned  for  Cicero  the  title  of 

father  of  his  country 419 

What  was  the  object  of  Catiline's  conspiracy?  What  was  the 

result  of  his  attempt  to  execute  his  plans? 417 

Sketch  the  life  of  Julius  Caesar,  showing  conquests  made  by  him. 

Of  what  do  his  commentaries  consist? 414,  63,  285 

What  was  the  nature  of  Lucretius'  writing?  State  the  cause 

of  his  death 460 

Name  three  works  of  Sallust.  Why  are  they  valuable?  What 

was  Sallust's  literary  style? 284,  285,  485 

For  what  is  the  Augustan  age  of  Roman  literature  distinguished? 

Mention  four  writers  of  the  Augustan  age . , 285 

When  did  Virgil  live?  How  does  he  rank  among  the  Augustan 

poets?    Name  three  of  his  works  and  state  the  character 

of  each 284,  285,  497 

Give  an  outline  of  Virgil's  JSneid.  At  what  point  does  it  take 

up  the  tale  related  by  Homer  in  the  Iliad?    Who  is  ^Eneas? 

Anchises? 343,  363,  324,  325 

What  are  the  "Georgics"  of  Virgil? 359 

Compare  the  date  of  birth  of  Horace  with  the  birth  date  of  the 

Roman  emperor  Augustus 284,  146 

Name  three  works  written  by  Horace.  State  why  they  are 

attractive  to  cultivated  minds 285,  447 

89 


Who  was  Cornelius  Nepos?    In  what  regard  is  his  only  extant 

work  held? 284,  470 

By  what  name  did  Livy  call  his  history  of  Rome?    Compare 

Livy  with  other  historians.    Tell  something  of  his  lif e . .  458,  285 

What  did  Ovid  write? 285 

To  what  school  of  philosophy  did  Seneca  belong?    Name  some 

of  his  works.  Give  three  other  facts  about  the  life  of  Seneca .  487,  285 

Mention  a  work  written  by  Pliny  the  Elder.     By  Quintilian . . .     285 

Outline  the  principal  events  in  the  life  of  Tacitus.    Name  his 

chief  works 492,  285 

What  conditions  gave  rise  to  the  satires  of  Juvenal?    Did  Juvenal 

live  before  or  after  the  beginning  of  the  Christian  era? . .  285,  452 

Through  the  influence  of  what  conditions  did  Latin  literature 

come  to  an  end? 285 

Mention  five  of  the  Latin  fathers  of  the  church.  What  philosophy 
did  they  follow?  Give  some  facts  about  the  lives  and  writ- 
ings of  St.  Ambrose,  St.  Augustine,  St.  Jerome.  .285-286,  396-450 

Which  of  the  Latin  fathers  wrote  the  "Te  Deum  Laudamus"? 
Which  made  the  Latin  translation  of  the  Bible  known  as 
the  Vulgate? 396,  450,  386 

Arrange  in  the  order  in  which  they  lived:    Horace,  Virgil,  Cicero, 

Ovid,  Tacitus,  Livy 284-285 

According  to  Roman  mythology  over  what  did  Jupiter,  Neptune, 
and  Pluto  preside?  Which  of  these  corresponds  to  the 
Greek  Zeus?  Poseidon?  Hades? 330-342 

What  relation  did  each  of  the  following  bear  to  Jupiter:  Juno, 

Minerva,  Latona,  Apollo,  Diana? 325-335 

For  what  qualities  were  Apollo  and  Minerva  celebrated?  Who 
introduced  the  worship  of  Diana  into  Rome?  In  which 
two  of  these  were1  the  sun  and  the  moon  deified? ....  325,  335,  328 

Over  whom  did  Saturn  and  Janus  rule?  What  place  had  each 
of  the  following  in  the  life  of  the  Roman  people:  Ceres, 
Mars,  Mercury,  Pax,  Pluvius,  Vesta,  Vulcan? 327-342 

Relate  the  mythological  tale  of  Venus,  Cupid,  and  Psyche. 342,  327,  340 

What  was  personified  in  each  of  the  following:  Aurora,  Flora, 

Fortuna,  Luna,  Morpheus,  Nox,  Sommis? 326-341 

What  were  the  Parcae?    How  many  were  there?    What  was  their 

power  over  the  lif  e  of  man? 338 

SCANDINAVIAN  LITERATURE 

In  earliest  literature  to  what  people  is  the  term  Scandinavian 
applied?  Until  about  what  time  was  Icelandic  the  literary 
language  of  all  the  Scandinavians?  What  name  do  the 

earliest  authorities  give  to  this  language? 286,  288 

90 


How  does  the  early  Scandinavian  poetry  compare  with  that  of 
other  Teutonic  races?  Describe  the  poetry  of  the  early 
Scandinavian  literature 286 

Of  what  form  of  poetry  was  the  saga  the  outgrowth?  To  what 
century  does  the  saga  in  its  purest  form  belong?  When 
was  it  lost  in  biography? 286 

What  does  the  word  Edda  mean  and  to  what  is  it  applied?  Of 
what  does  the  "elder"  Edda  treat?  The  "younger"  Edda? 
By  whom  and  when  was  each  compiled? 286,  379,  354 

Who  was  the  greatest  Scandinavian  writer  of  the  12th  and  13th 

centuries? 286 

During  what  century  did  Swedish  literature  begin?  Name  two 

of  the  earliest  writings 286,  287 

Of  what  did  St.  Bridget's  revelations  consist?  When  did  she  live  ?  286,287 

By  whom  was  the  Bible  translated  into  Swedish? 286,  287 

In  what  form  does  the  earliest  Swedish  poetry  appear?  When  was 

the  first  book  printed  in  Swedish? 286 

Mention  two  brothers  who  studied  under  Luther.  What  did 
they  write?  How  was  Swedish  literature  affected  by  the 
reformation? 286,  287 

How  did  Buraeus  arouse  interest  in  Scandinavian  language  and 

mythology?  Who  ruled  Sweden  at  that  time? 286 

During  whose  reign  did  the  Swedish  drama  begin?  Who  is  the 

greatest  Swedish  dramatist? 286 

Give  facts  about  the  life  of  Messenius.  Mention  his  first  comedy 

and  his  first  tragedy 286-287 

Who  was  the  father  of  Swedish  poetry?  Give  an  account  of 

his  writings,  showing  their  influence  on  Swedish  literature.  287 

What  is  the  character  of  the  writings  of  Gustavus  Adolphus? 

Who  was  he? 287,  83 

What  discoveries  made  Rudbeck  famous?  With  what  uni- 
versity was  he  connected?  State  the  name  and  the  object 
of  his  greatest  work.  Characterize  his  writings 287 

Who  was  Emanuel  Swedenborg?  What  is  the  nature  of  his 

writings?  When  did  he  live? 492 

In  what  year  was  Linnaeus  born?  What  was  the  chief  interest 

of  his  lif  e?  Mention  one  of  his  works 457 

What  author  shows  the  English  and  the  French  influence  upon 
18th  century  Swedish  literature?  Name  two  of  his  writings. 
After  what  English  authors  are  they  modeled? 287 

When  was  Dalin  born?  Compare  with  the  dates  of  birth  of 
Addison  and  Pope.  Name  three  other  English  contem- 
poraries of  Dalin 287, 296 

01 


What  writer  is  known  as  the  Swedish  Sappho? 287 

Mention  three  poets  born  in  1740,  1772,  1779,  respectively. 

Which  of  these  is  called  the  Anacreon  of  Sweden? 287,  405 

In  what  field  are  the  writings  of  Berzelius?  When  did  he  live? 

With  what  university  was  he  connected? 406 

What  was  the  nature  of  the  Swedish  academy?  The  object  of 

the  Gothic  society?     Name  two  famous  writers  connected 

with  the  new  school  of  literature 287 

Under  what  pseudonym  did  King  Oscar  II  write?  Mention  two 

of  his  works 472 

Give  the  names  of  four  Swedish  writers  of  history.  Which  of 

these  was  the  legal  historian? 287 

Name  two  Swedish  women  who  wrote  poems.  One  who  wrote 

novels i 287 

What  was  the  year  of  August  Strindberg's  birth?  Of  his  death? 

Name  his  greatest  work 287 

Mention  two  books  of  travel  by  Hedin.  Sketch  the  life  of  the 

author 444 

Between^ what  centuries  were  the  Danish  ballads  probably  com- 
posed? How  much  later  is  the  language  in  which  they  are 

preserved? 288 

In  what  period  did  Danish  literature  begin?  Mention  a  writer 

of  that  time.  What  did  he  write? 288,  373 

What  did  Tycho  Brahe  write?  In  what  country  did  he  spend 

most  of  his  life? 288,  411 

Who  was  the  first  original  dramatist  hi  Denmark?  Who  is 

called  the  founder  of  Danish  poetry? 288 

What  did  Holberg  write?  Wessel?  Ewald?  Oehlenschlager? 288 

Name  one  Danish  author  who  wrote  a  medical  work.  One  who 

wrote  on  zoology.  One  on  geography 288 

Where  and  when  was  Hans  Christian  Andersen  born?  What 

is  the  nature  of  his  writings? 288-289,  397 

Mention  a  Danish  writer  of  the  latter  half  of  the  19th  century . .  289 

When  was  the  first  book  printed  in  Norway?  By  whom? 289 

Who  was  the  earliest  original  writer  in  Norway? 289 

By  whom  was  "The  Dawn  of  Norway"  written?  For  what 

purpose? 289 

Name  the  two  compilers  of  a  collection  of  old  Norse  folk-tales. 

How  was  their  material  gathered? 289 

In  what  year  was  Ibsen  born?  What  are  three  of  his  best- 
known  dramas? 448,  289 

Name  Bjornson's  leading  works.  What  honor  was  conferred 

upon  him  by  Norway? 289,  407 

92 


In  the  Norse  mythology  who  was  Alfadur?    Give  the  legend  of 

Ginungagap  and  Midgard 324,  330,  335 

Who  were  the  JBsir?    What  were  Asgard,  Bifrost,  Glasir?.324,  325-330 
What  is  the  connection  between  Heimdal,  Ragnarok,  and  Lif ? 

331,  340,  334 

Who  were  the  Valkyrs?     What  was  Valhalla?     Tell  something 

about  the  Gjallar  bridge  and  the  Gjallar  horn 342, 330 

Relate  the  tradition  of  Odin 337 

Associate  each  of  the  following  with  Odin:    Frigga,  Thor,  Balder, 

Bragi,    Iduna.     Who    were    Frey,    Freya,    Frodi,    Hymir, 

,     Loki? :  .326-342 

To  what  source  does  Grimm  attribute  the  tale  of  the  sleeping 

beauty? 382 

GERMAN  LITERATURE 

Mention  two  of  the  oldest  poems  in  German  literature.  To 
what  remote  times  may  these  poems  be  traced?  Give  a  brief 

outline  of  "Reynard  the  Fox" 290,  377 

Sketch  the  progress  of  learning  in  Germany  during  the  reign 
of  Charles  the  Great  and  Louis  the  Pious.  By  whom  was 

the  writing  of  that  time  chiefly  done? 290 

What  is  the  first  novel  in  modern  European  literature?    When 

and  by  whom  was  it  written? „ 290 

In  what  language  were  the  histories  of  the  llth  century  written?     290 
Who  became  the  leaders  of  literature  in  Germany  about  1200? 

In  what  class  of  writings  did  they  excel? 291 

Name  three  great  poets  of  the  12th  and  13th  centuries 291 

What  name  is  generally  applied  to  the  Nibehmgenlied?  Into 
how  many  parts  is  the  poem  divided?  What  is  its  principal 

theme? 372,  291 

Who  were  King  Nibelung,  Siegfried,  Kriemhild,  dwarf  Alberich, 

Hagen*  Brunhild,  Etzel? 348-382 

Mention  another  epic  similar  to  the  Nibelungenlied 291,  361 

Tell  the  story  of  Parsifal.     Of  Lohengrin.     Who  wrote  them? .  374,  367 
Outline  the   legend   of   Tannhauser.     What   German   composer 

made  Tannhauser  the  subject  of  an  opera? 383 

Through  what  orders  of  monks  did  preaching  become  a  powerful 
educational  influence?  By  whom  was  the  mystic  school 
founded?  Who  were  the  greatest  writers  of  the  14th  and 

15th  eemturies? 291 

Give  an  account  of  the  life  and  writings  of  Thomas  a  Kempis.453,  291 
In  what  century  did  modern  German  literature  begin?    Name 

four  writers  of  that  century .' 291 

93 


What  were  the  principal  works  of  Martin  Luther  and   Ulrich 

von  Hutten? 291,  460,  289 

What  did  Hans  Sachs  write?    When  and  by  whom  was  the 

German  drama  founded? 291,  80 

What  was  the  effect  of  the  thirty  years'  war  on  German  litera- 
ture?   291 

In  whose  reign  did  German  literature  revive? 291 

Who  were  Klopstock  and  Herder?     What  did  they  write?     What 

is  Klopstock's  "Messiah"? 291,  290,  371 

Tell  something  of  the  life  of  Lessing.  Name  three  of  his  works. 
Which  one  stimulated  historic  study  in  Germany?  Which 
was  a  treatise  on  art? 457,  290,  291 

Outline  the  influence  of  the  philosophy  of  Kant  on  modern 
thought.  Name  three  of  his  works.  What  name  has  since 
been  applied  to  his  doctrines? 452-453;  291 

What  was  the  principle  of  Fichte's  philosophy? 291 

Give  an  account  of  the  life  of  Goethe.  Mention  four  of  his  well- 
known  works.  What  is  the  object  of  Goethe's  "Wilhelm 
Meister"? 438,  291,  370 

Briefly  describe  the  character  Faust.    Mephistopheles 357,  335 

With   what   other   European   writers   does   Goethe   rank?    To 

whose  influence  did  Goethe  owe  much  of  his  success? 291 

What  made  Weimar  the  center  of  intellectual  life  during  the 

latter  part  of  the  18th  century? 291 

Relate  the  important  events  in  the  life  of  Schiller.     Mention 

two  of  his  historical  works.     Five  of  his  dramas 486,  291 

What  is  the  greatest  drama  in  the  German  language?  -  By  whom 

was  it  written? 291 

Name  three  poets  who  were  contemporaries  of  Schiller.    What 

did  each  write? 291-292 

Give  the  names  of  three  works  by  Jean  Paul  Richter.    When 

did  he  live? *  .  .292,  290 

Mention  five  noted  German  scientists.    Give  facts  about  the 

life  and  writings  of  each 292,  441-497 

Who  was  Hegel?    What  system  of  philosophy  was  taught  by 

him?    When  did  Schopenhauer  live?    What  did  he  write?.444,  290 

At  what  time  did  Jakob  and  Wilhelm  Grimm  live?    What  did 

they  write  besides  "Household  Tales"? 290,  440 

For  what  profession  did  Heine  prepare?    Mention  three  of  his 

best-known  works • 444 

Name  five  German  historians.    Give  facts  about  the  lives  of 

Neander,  Niebuhr,  Ranke 292,  470-479 

94 


What  is  the  character  of  Auerbach's  writings?  To  what 
classes  of  writers  do  Miihlbach,  Freytag,  and  Paul  Heyse 
belong? 401,  292,  290 

Mention  three  noted  operas  to  which  both  libretto  and  music  were 

written  by  Richard  Wagner 497 

Give  the  name  of  one  German  writer  born  in  the  15th  century. 
One  in  the  16th.  One  in  the  17th.  Six  in  the  18th.  Three 
in  the  19th 289-290 

Relate  the  story  of  the  Pied  Piper  of  Hamelin.  What  was 

Koppelberg? 375,  333 

What  is  the  German  legend  of  the  trusty  Eckhardt? 328,  354 

In  German  tradition  who  was  the  Lorelei?  What  was  a  gnome? 

A  kobold? 334,  330,  333 

FRENCH  LITERATURE 

From  what  time  do  the  most  ancient  documents  of  the  French 
language  date?  What  are  the  four  divisions  of  the  early 
literature  of  France? 293 

Is  the  song  of  Roland  .earlier  <jor  latei   than  the  troubadours? 

What  is  its  theme? 74,  293,  378 

What  are  the  Arthurian  romances?    Tell  the  romance  of  the 

sangraal.    Of  Charlemagne 345,  360,  350 

What  was  the  nature  of  the  songs  of  the  troubadours?  By 
what  name  were  the  troubadours  known  in  northern  France? 
By  what  names  were  similar  singers  known  in  Germany  and 
England? ' .385,  76 

Who  was  Abelard?    What  did  he  write?    Give  an  account  of 

his  romantic  lif e 292,  393 

At  what  time  were  oriental  legends  brought  into  France?  During 
what  centuries  were,  the  "fabliaux"  popular?  What  are 
they? 293,  357 

In  what  two  centuries  and  by  what  two  authors  was  the  "Romance 
of  the  Rose"  written?  Discuss  the  character  of  the  poem. 
Give  a  brief  synopsis  of  it.  Outline  the  story  of  "Robert 
the  Devil"  and  tell  when  it  was  written 293,  378 

In  what  way  did  the  crusades  stimulate  dramatic  writing  in 
France?  Give  an  account  of  French  drama  in  the  14th 
and  15th  centuries 293 

What  document  is  probably  the  oldest  French  prose?  Give 
its  date.  When  were  the  laws  of  William  the  Conqueror 
wrttten? 294 

Name  the  chroniclers  of  the  12th,  14th  and  15th  centuries.    Of 

what  countries  is  Froissart's  "Chronicles"  a  record? 294 

05 


By  what  events  was  the  literature  of  France  greatly  influenced 

during  the  15th  century? 294 

What  is  meant  by  the  renaissance?  Compare  the  effects  of  the 

renaissance  in  France  with  those  in  Italy  and  Germany. . .  294 

Outline  the  characters  Gargantua  and  Pantagruel.  Name  the 
work  in  which  they  appear.  In  what  century  was  it  popular? 
Who  is  the  author? : 359,  374,  294 

Give  an  account  of  the  life  and  writings  of  John  Calvin.  What 
tendency  of  the  times  is  shown  in  Montaigne's  writings? 
, 415,  294,  467 

Name  three  dramatists,  two  writers  of  fiction,  four  orators,  and 
three  influential  patrons  of  learning — all  of  the  17th  century. 
What  prestige  did  the  French  language  acquire  throughout 
Europe  at  this  time? 294 

Mention  three  representative  works  of  Corneille.  On  which  is 
his  fame  based?  Explain  the  origin  of  his  character  Cid 
Campeador 422,  350 

Tell  something  of  Moliere  and  the  purpose  of  his  plays.  In 
which  plays  do  Tartufe,  Sganarelle,  and  Agnes  occur?  Tell 
the  story  of  the  "Love  Doctor" 467,  294,  343-383 

What  position  does  Racine  occupy  in  French  literature?  Name 
some  of  his  works.  Which  is  sometimes  called  the  greatest? 
479,  292 

In  what  fields  are  Descartes  and  Bossuet  noted?  Give  some 
details  of  the  life  of  each.  To  what  century  do  they  belong? 
292,  426,  410 

Why  is  the  early  part  of  the  18th  century  called  a  dead  season 
of  French  literature?  Name  three  novelists  of  the  century. 
294,  292 

What  is  the  character  of  Voltaire's  writings?  Show  his  versa- 
tility by  mentioning  some  of  his  works.  Why  was  he  exiled 
from  France? 497,  294 

How  was  Rousseau's  early  life  spent?  Name  the  most  famous 

of  his  writings.  What  is  the  nature  of  his  "Smile"? .  483,  294,  355 

Describe  the  character  Gil  Bias.  By  whom  was  "Gil  Bias" 
written?  Name  some  other  works  by  the  same  author. 
360,  294,  456 

What  is  the  story  of  "Paul  and  Virginia"?  Tell  something  of  the 

author 375,  406 

Who  wrote  the  "Barber  of  Seville"?  Justify  the  term  many- 
sided  genius  as  applied  to  the  writer 2S5,  404 

For  what  lyric  is  Rouget  de  Lisle  famous?  Compare  with  other 

French  lyric  poems. 295 

96 


Name  Montesquieu's  greatest  work 467,  294 

Name  two  eminent  naturalists  of  the  18th  century.  State  some 

facts  about  their  lives 292,  413,  424 

For  what  sorts  of  literary  productions  are  Chateaubriand  and 

Madame  de  Stael  celebrated?  Name  two  works  of  each . .  295,  292 
Give  the  names  of  five  French  historians  of  the  19th  century. 

Mention  one  work  of  each.     Which  has  been   called  the 

greatest  French  writer  of  his  time? 295,441-494 

For  what  are  Cousin,  Comte,  Renan  noted? 295,  480 

Give  a  brief  sketch  of  the  life  and  writings  of  Jules  Michelet. .  .466,  293 

Mention  three  noted  modern  French  dramatists 295 

Give  a  brief  sketch  of  the  life  of  Balzac.  What  is  the  extent  of 

his  works? 295,  403 

When  did  Victor  Hugo  live?  Name  three  of  his  works.  Which 

is  his  greatest  production? 447,  295 

Sketch  the  life  of  Dumas  the  Elder.  Which  of  his  books  have 

been  most  popular?    How  was  Alexandre  Dumas,  born  1824, 

related  to  Alexandre  Dumas,  born  1802? 428,  295 

What  did  Eugene  Sue  write?  Compare  the  birth  dates  of  Dumas 

the  elder  and  Sue 295,  492,  428 

Is  George  Sand  a  real  name?  What  are  the  names  of  three  of 

her  books? 295,  485 

What  is  the  character  of  the  writings  of  Jules  Verne?  Sardou? . .  293,  485 
To  what  class  of  writers  does  Zola  belong?  Maupassant? .  .  293,  504,  463 
For  what  profession  did  Calvin  prepare?  Corneille?  Moliere? 

Balzac?  Thiers? 403-494 

Give  the  work  and  the  author  from  which  each  of  the  following  is 

taken:  Candide,  Consuelo,  Le  Menteur,  Pantagruleon  law 

case,  Quasimodo,  Rigolette 349-377 

What  is  the  Gesta  Romanorum? 359 

Give  the  real  names  of  the  following  writers:  Pierre  Loti,  George 

Sand,  Voltaire,  Max  O'Rell 292-293,  322-323 


ITALIAN  LITERATURE 

How  old  are  some  of  the  manuscripts  preserved  in  Italian  libra- 
ries? Name  three  of  them.  What  is  a  palimpsest? 309,  374 

Explain  how  culture  was  kept  alive  in  Italy  during  the  middle 
ages.  Was  the  taste  of  the  Italians  at  that  time  for  legends 
and  poems  or  for  serious  history? 309 

What  early  Italian  traveler  and  writer  described  Cipango?  Of 

what  interest  did  Italy  find  his  travels? 350,  309 

During  what  century  did  the  real  Italian  literature  begin?  What 

was  the  character  of  the  literature  developed? 309 

97 


What  two  religious  orders  influenced  Italian  life  and  letters  in 

the  13th  century?     To  what  two  writers  are  most  of  the 

poems  and  hymns  attributed? 309 

With  whom  did  the  Italian  drama  begin?     Show  how  his  personal 

influence  led  to  the  development  of  the  drama 309-310 

What  Italian  dialect  became  the  language  of  literature?     What 

was  the  first  prose  work  written  in  Italian? 310 

Tell  some  facts  about  Guittone  d'  Arezzo.     Whom  did  he  take 

for  his  model? 310 

In  what  century  and  by  whom  was  the  "Golden  Legend"  written? 

Why  is  it  deserving  of  study? 360 

Explain  why  the  year  1282  is  regarded  as  marking  the  period  of 

development  of  Italian  literature 310 

Describe  the  writings  of  Cavalcanti.    Of  what  political  party  was 

he  the  head?    Of  whom  was  he  a  close  friend? 310 

Give  an  account  of  the  life  of  Dante,  with  dates  of  birth  and 

death.     Name  his  principal  works.     How  does  Dante  rank 

with  other  writers  of  his  time? 424,  310 

Tell  briefly  of  what  Dante's  "Vita  Nuova"  consists.     What  is 

the  nature  of  his  "Convito"?    Of  "De  Monarchia"? 310 

Outline  carefully  the  "Divine  Comedy".     State  to  what  class 

of  poetry  it  belongs,  into  what  parts  it  is  divided,  what 

questions  it  discusses 352,  310 

Why  was  the  "Divine  Comedy"  so  named  by  Dante?    What 

effect  had  this  poem  upon  Italian  literature? 310-311 

What  sort  of  poems  were  written  by  Cino  da  Pistoia?    Give 

three  facts  about  his  personal  and  literary  standing 311 

How  is   Petrarch   classed   in   histories  of  literature?     In   what 

other  way  is  he  equally  well  known?     Relate  in  brief  the 

events  of  his  life 311,  476 

When  did  Boccaccio  live?     What  is  his  most  celebrated  work? 

Of  what  does  it  consist?    Mention  some  other  subjects  on 

which  hp  wrofp 408,  352,  311 

Mention  a  writer  whose  work  is  still  consulted  as  an  authority  on 

Florentine  history  of  the  13th  and  14th  centuries 311 

For   what  is   Lorenzo  de;   Medici   chiefly  remembered?     What 

was   his   influence   as    a    scholar?      Why    did    Savonarola 

oppose    him?    Give   facts   about    the   lives   of   both  men. 

311,  465,  485 

Name  two  leading  Italian  historians.    How  did  their  studies 

of  historical  conditions  differ?    Mention  one  work  by  each. 

311,  309,  460 

When  did  Ariosto  live?    What  is  his  greatest  work? 399,  312 


When  and  by  whom  was  "Orlando  Furioso"  written?  State 
what  kind  of  poetry  it  is,  its  theme,  its  characteristics,  its 
popularity.  Who  is  Genevra? 373,  399,  312,  359 

Who  was  Torquato  Tasso?  Give  a  short  account  of  his  life. 

Name  his  greatest  work.  What  does  it  describe?.  .493,  309,  312 

Give  a  synopsis  of  Tasso's  "Jerusalem  Delivered".  Who  were 
Godfrey  de  Bouillon,  Armida,  Rinaldo,  Ubaldo,  Clorinda, 
Erminia,  Adrastus,  Ademar? 364,  438,  343-385 

Under  what  rule  did  the  period  of  decadence  in  Italian  litera- 
ture begin?  How  long  did  this  condition  last?  By  what 
name  is  it  known? 312 

In  what  different  fields  of  learning  was  Galileo  conspicuous? 
Name  his  inventions  and  discoveries.  Give  other  events 
of  his  life.  Characterize  Galileo's  prose 312,  435 

When  was  Italy  freed  from  Spanish  dominion?  What  sort  of  writing 

appeared  first  in  this  new  period?  By  what  was  it  followed?  312 

At  what  time  did  Botta,  Sismondi,  and  Colletta  live?  To  what 
class  of  writers  do  they  belong?  Which  wrote  a  history 
of  the  American  revolution? 312,  309,  410,  488 

When  was  the  movement  known  a,s  romanticism  prominent? 
Compare  this  with  the  renaissance.  Mention  the  first 
realistic  writer  of  Italy.  State  Goethe's  estimate  of  him. 312,  294 

For  what  is  Gabriele  Rossetti  celebrated?  What  position  did 
he  occupy  in  England?  Give  the  names  of  his  son  and  his 
daughter,  and  tell  something  of  their  literary  and  artistic 
attainments 483 

Compare  Leopardi's  writings  with  those  of  Shelley  and  Byron. 

Also  compare  dates  of  birth,  and  ages  at  death.  .312,  456,  296-297 

Name  three  fiction  writers  of  the  19th  century.  Two  political 

writers 312 

What  position  do  the  works  of  De  Amicis  hold? 312 

Give  an  account  of  the  life  and  writings  of  Gabriele  d'  Annunzio.     398 

SPANISH  LITERATURE 

What  is  the  oldest  specimen  of  Spanish  literature?    The  earliest 

important  work?    From  what  century  do  they  date? 313 

Who  was  the  Cid?     How  has  he  been  immortalized  in  fiction? 

419-420,  350 

What  is  the  character  of  the  13th  century  literature  of  Spain? 

Name  three  writers  of  that  century 313 

Who  is  the  author  of  "The  Philosopher's  Stone"?    Who  was* 
the  originator  of  history  written  in  Spanish?    What  is  the 
"Oronica  General"?    During  whose  reign  was  it  compiled?.     313 

99 


Trace  the  influence  of  Alfonso  X  through  the  historical  literature 

of  the  14th  century 313 

State  some  facts  about  the  writings  of  Juan  Manuel  and  Pedro 

Lopez  de  Ayala 313,  312 

In  what  century  were  the  French  romances  of  the  "round  table" 

translated  and  imitated  in  Spain? 313 

What  is  meant  by  the  "arte  de  trobar"?  During  whose  reign 
did  it  appear?  Of  what  was  it  composed?  Mention  two 
writers  of  such  verse 313 

How  did  Spanish  drama  begin?  Trace  its  development.  When 

and  by  whom  was  "La  Celestina"  written?  What  effect  had  it?  313 

From  the  union  of  what  kingdoms  does  the  golden  age  of  Spanish 

literature  date? 314 

Give  a  concise  biography  of  Cervantes.  What  was  the  character 
of  his  first  writings?  Name  an  English  author  whose  death 
occurred  in  the  same  year  as  Cervantes'  death 417,  295 

What  is  the  nature  of  Cervantes'  "Don  Quixote"?  Tell  some- 
thing of  these  characters:  Don  Quixote,  Sancho  Panza, 
Mambrino,  Camacho,  Ubeda 353,  349-385 

What  did  Lope  de  Vega  write?  Of  whom  was  he  a  contemporary? 

314,  313 

Who  was  the  leading  Spanish  dramatist  during  the  golden  age? 

Divide  his  plays  into  four  classes 314,  414 

State  how  the  historical  writings  of  Juan  de  Mariana  differed 
from  those  of  earlier  Spanish  writers.  Name  three  Spanish 
historians  who  wrote  of  the  new  world 314,  313 

To  what  extent  are  such  subjects  as  philosophy,  mathematics, 

etc.,  represented  in  Spanish  literature? 314 

From  what  source  did  the  16th  century  poets  draw  much  of  their 
inspiration?  To  what  extent  has  Spanish  poetry  influenced 
the  national  life? 314 

Why  did  Spanish  literature  make  little  progress  during  the  first 
half  of  the  18th  century?  What  was  the  influence  of  Charles 
III  upon  literature? 314 

Outline  Spanish  literature  of  the  19th  century.  What  author 
wrote  under  the  pen  name  Figaro?  Name  a  famous 
^  novel  of  the  century  and  its  author 314 

RUSSIAN  LITERATURE 

Describe  the  oral  traditions  which  were  the  foundation'of  Russian 

literature.  By  what  name  are  they  known? 314-315 

Into  what  five  periods  is  the  oral  literature  divided?  What 

are  the  characteristics  of  the  tales  of  the  first  three  periods?.314-315 

100 


What  are  the  principal  themes  of  the  tales  of  the  fourth  period, 
in  which  Moscow  became  the  capital  of  Russia?  Give  the 
date  of  its  beginning 310 

Show  how  the  accession  of  Peter  the  Great  is  marked  by  distinct 

legendary  tales 315 

In  what  century  and  by  whom  were  some  of  Russia's  songs  and 

folk-tales  preserved  in  written  form? 315 

What  is  the  earliest  specimen  of  written  Russian  literature? 

What  is  its  date? 315 

Mention  three  prose  writings  of  the  llth  century.  By  whom 

,  was  most  of  the  writing  of  these  times  done? 315 

Who  is  called  the  patriarch  of  Russian  literature?  What  are  his 

writings? 315 

What  is  the  "Story  of  Igor"?  At  what  time  and  by  whom  was 

the  "Book  of  Household  Management"  written? 315 

When  was  the  first  printing  press  set  up  in  Moscow?  When 

was  the  first  book  printed?  What  was  this  book? 315 

N  ame  the  most  important  Russian  writing  of  the  first  half  of  the 
17th  century.  Where  was  it  written?  At  that  time  what 
treatment  did  writers  of  educational  works  receive? 315 

What  country  influenced  Russia  during  the  17th  century?  With 

what  writers  did  the  old  Russian  literature  end? 316,  315 

In  what  ways  did  Alexis  stimulate  the  progress  of  learning?  What 

books  did  he  burn?  When  did  he  reign? 316,395 

When  did  Peter  the  Great  become  czar?  What  was  his  influence 

in  regard  to  the  use  of  the  Russian  language? 149,  310 

Name  three  writers  of  the  time  of  Peter  the  Great.  State  the 

purpose  of  the  works  of  each 316 

What  was  the  attitude  of  Catherine  II  toward  literature?  Name 

the  greatest  poet  of  her  reign 417,  316 

Who  wrote  "A  Journey  to  Moscow"?  What  journey  did  the 

author  make  in  consequence  of  this  work? 316 

Mention  the  most  celebrated  writer  of  Russian  fables.  Who  is 

called  the  first  novelist  of  talent?  Of  what  did  he  write?.  316 

Explain  what  is  meant  by  Little  Russia.  When  was  all  publica- 
tion in  the  language  of  Little  Russia  forbidden?  Who 
was  the  poet  of  Little  Russia?  What  name  is  given  to  the 
cainfmarking  his  grave? 317 

What  class  of  people  form  the  main  subject  of  Turgenieff' s  works? 
Give  an  estimate  of  the  author.  Of  his  "Nest  of  Gentle 
People" .316,  495 

Give  dates  of  birth  and  death  of  Tolstoi.  Name  four  of  his 

works,  x  Which  do  critics  consider  his  best  works? 495,  316 

101 


Name  three  Russian  historians  of  the  19th  century.  Which  is 

called  the  ablest  of  his  time? 317 

(State  the  subject  of  Count  Witte's  writings.  What  important 

positions  were  held  by  him? 503 

What  is  the  real  name  of  Maxim  Gorky?  Give  a  brief  review  of  his 

lif e  and  writings 439 

JAPANESE  LITERATURE 

From  what  century  does  Japanese  literature  date?  How  early 

are  historical  compilations  said  to  have  existed? 317 

Give  the  title  of  the  earliest  known  Japanese  writing.  Explain 

fully  how  it  was  compiled 317 

What  is  the  most  ancient  poem  hi  Japanese  literature?  To 

what  century  does  it  belong? 317 

Name  a  Japanese  history  completed  in  720.  Compare  this  with 
the  "Kojiki".  In  these  ancient  histories  what  name  is 
given  to  Japan? 317 

What  is  the  "Tosa  Nikki"?  In  what  century  and  by  whom  was 

it  written? 318 

During  the  10th  century  what  place  did  women  occupy  in 

Japanese  literature? , 318 

By  whom  and  in  what  century  was  the  "Dai  Nihonshi"  com- 
posed? What  was  its  purpose?  Why  have  the  national 
annals  of  Japan  been  so  carefully  guarded? 317 

What  do  the  Japanese  works  on  geography  cover? 318 

Describe  the  poetry  of  Japan.  Mention  two  poetic  forms  that 

do  not  appear  in  Japanese  literature 318 

What  sorts  of  fiction  are  common  in  the  literature  of  Japan?. . .     318 

Mention  a  reference  work  of  great  value  to  students  of  Japanese 

language  and  literature 318 

ENGLISH  LITERATURE 

Name  the  oldest  song  of  the  Northmen  which  has  been  preserved 

in  English  literature 297 

How  old  is  "Beowulf"?  Outline  it  briefly.  To  what  class  of 

poetry  does  it  belong? 295,  347,  297 

What  is  the  first  great  native  British  poem? 298,  295 

Under  what  influence  did  literature  begin  in  England?  In  what 
century  and  in  what  part  of  the  country?  For  how  many 
centuries  was  learning  confined  to  this  locality? 297 

Who  was  the  first  writer  of  English  prose?  What  did  he  write? 

State  the  extent  of  his  fame 298,  295 

Trace  the  development  of  literature  in  the  9th  century.  Give 
dates  and  effect  of  Danish  invasions  and  conquest.  What 
place  is  called  the  cradle  of  English  poetry?  The  home  of 
English  prose? 298,  69-70 

102 


To  what  extent  and  in  what  way  did  Alfred  the  Great  advance 

English  language  and  literature? 298,  295,  395 

When  did  ^Elfric  write?  What  is  the  best  model  of  English  at 

the  beginning  of  the  llth  century? 295,  298 

Why  was  the  Norman  conquest  so  important  an  event  in  litera- 
ture? What  was  its  effect? 72,  298 

Describe  the  literature  of  England  during  the  12th  century. 

What  did  Geoffrey  of  Monmouth  write? 298 

Give  the  four  cycles  into  which  12th  and  13th  century  romance 
is  divided.  Tell  some  of  the  traditions  of  King  Arthur, 
Arthur's  drinking-horn,  Arthur's  round  table,  the  graal,  Sir 
Tristram,  Roland,  Charlemagne,  Robin  Hood 298,  345-385 

When  were  the  first  dramas  produced  in  England?  On  what 
are  the  mysteries  and  miracle-plays  founded?  Give  date 
and  name  of  the  earliest  miracle-play  on  record 299,  371 

Mention  Roger  Bacon's  greatest  work.  Who  was  he?  To  what 

century  does  he  belong? 402,  295 

Name  two  prose  writers  of  the  14th  century,  mentioning  one  work 

of  each.  Who  wrote  "Piers  Plowman"?  What  is  it? 298,  375 

Give  a  brief  account  of  the  life  and  writings  of  Chaucer.  What 

is  his  greatest  work?  In  what  dialect  did  he  write? .  419,  298-299 

State  the  theme  of  the  Canterbury  tales.  What  is  the  literary 

value  of  the  prologue? 350,  298-299 

What  connection  has  each  of  the  following  with  the  Canterbury 
tales:  Tabard  inn,  Harry  Baillie,  Arcite,  Donegild,  Griselda, 
Valerian,  the  pardoner's  tale,  Madame  Eglantine?  From 
what  sources  does  Chaucer  derive  some  of  his  tales? ....  345-385 

Summarize  the  literary  events  of  the  14th  century.  Name  the 

greatest  writer?  Whose  name  stands  second? 299,  298 

Characterize  15th  century  English  literature.  What  was  the 
greatest  prose  work  of  the  century?  When  and  by  whom  was 
the  first  book  printed  in  England?  What  was  it? 299,  417 

Of  what  nature  is  Malory's  "Morte  d'  Arthur"?  TeU  something 

of  the  author 299,  461 

Name  Sir  Thomas  More's  most  celebrated  work.  Give  a  short 

outline  of  it 295,  468,  385 

Who  made  the  first  complete  English  translation  of  the  scrip- 
tures? The  second?  When  and  by  whom  was  the  first  copy 
of  the  whole  Bible  printed? 298,  299 

What  is  meant  by  the  golden  age  in  English  literature?  What 

conditions  stimulated  intellectual  activity  at  this  time? . . .  299 

What  rank  does  Spenser  take  among  writers  of  the  Elizabethan 

age?  Mention  two  of  his  works 299 

103 


Describe  Spenser's  "Shepherd's  Calendar" 299,  381 

Outline  the  "Faerie  Queene".  Tell  something  of  interest  about 
each  of  the  following:  Red-cross  knight,  Una,  Acrasia,  Guyon, 
Archimago,  Duessa,  Canace,  Serena,  Calidore,  the  blatant 
beast,  Florimel,  Malengrin,  Philtra,  Ignaro 357,  343-385 

Name  some  dramas  by  Christopher  Marlowe.  In  what  year  was 
he  born?  Compare  date  of  his  birth  with  the  birth  date  of 
Shakespere 299,  295 

Tell  what  is  known  of  the  life  of  Shakespere.  Name  three  of  his 

contemporaries.  How  many  plays  did  he  write? 487,  299 

Name  three  of  Shakespere's  tragedies.  Three  of  his  comedies. 

Estimate  the  literary  value  of  his  works 487,  299 

TeU  the  story  of— "As  You  Like  It",  "Twelfth  Night",  "Othello", 

"King  Lear",  "Winter's  Tale" 346-386 

Describe  each  of  the  following  characters  and  tell  in  which  of 
Shakespere's  plays  each  occurs:  Banquo,  Bardolph,  Bene- 
dick, Caliban,  Falstaff,  Jaques,  Queen  Mab,  Nick  Bottom, 
Prospero,  Romeo,  Shylock,  Timon,  Viola 346-386 

What  is  considered  the  measure  of  Shakespere's  literary  great- 
ness? In  what  way  does  he  excel  other  writers? 299-300 

Mention  three  dramas  produced  by  Ben  Jonson.  How  was  his 
early  life  spent?  Contrast  Jonson' s  delineation  of  character 
with  that  of  Shakespere.  What  is  the  nature  of  "Every  Man 
in  His  Humor"? 300,  452,  356 

When  did  the  decay  of  English  drama  begin?  How  do  the  plays  of 

Fletcher  and  Beaumont  compare  with  those  of  Shakespere?.. 300,  433 

Who  was  the  greatest  prose  writer  of  the  Elizabethan  age?  In 
what  three  fields  of  literature  was  he  prominent?  Give  a 
sketch  of  his  life 300,  402 

Name  and  describe  Bacon's  greatest  work.  When  was  it  pub- 
lished? In  what  language?  What  is  his  "New  Atlantis"?. 300,  372 

What  name  is  given  to  the  literary  period  following  the  Eliza- 
bethan? Contrast  its  characteristics  with  those  of  the 
Elizabethan  age.  Were  its  writings  chiefly  prose  or  poetry? .  300 

In  what  year  was  the  King  James  version  of  the  Bible  printed? 

What  was  its  effect  upon  the  speech  of  the  people? 300 

What  place  does  Milton  occupy  among  English  writers?  Describe 

his  boyhood,  his  education,  his  later  lif e 300,  466 

Mention  five  of  Milton's  early  poems.  Tell  something  of  each. 

Which  of  these  is  considered  his  finest  poem? 300 

To  what  class  of  writing  was  Milton  devoted  from  1640  to  1660? 
Give  the  name  of  his  greatest  prose  work.  Who  were  the 
rulers  of  England  during  that  tune? 301, 151 

104 


Describe  briefly  "Paradise  Lost".  What  is  its  style?  To  what 

classic  writers  may  Milton  be  compared? 301 

Who  is  called  the  second  greatest  writer  of  the  puritan  age?  State 

the  comparative  standing  of  Shakespere,  Milton,  Bunyan . .  301 

Give  the  principal  facts  regarding  the  life  of  John  Bunyan.  With 

what  idea  was  "Pilgrim's  Progress"  written? 413,  301,  370 

Outline  the  story  of  "Pilgrim's  Progress".  Who  are  Christian, 
Hopeful,  giant  Despair?  What  are  doubting  castle,  the 
slough  of  despond,  and  the  valley  of  humiliation? .  .  376,  350-385 

Tell  something  of  Samuel  Pepys's  "Diary".  How  was  it  written? .  301, 375 

What  is  the  great  historical  work  of  the  puritan  age?  Of  whom 

was  its  author  an  exact  contemporary? 301 

Contrast  Dryden's  poetry  with  that  of  Chaucer  and  Spenser. 

Name  three  of  his  poems.  When  did  Dryden  live?. .  .301,  299,  428 

Compare  Dryden's  literary  style  with  that  of  Pope.  What  influ- 
ence had  their  writings  upon  English  speech? 301-302 

Describe  the  conditions  of  Pope's  time.  Give  a  sketch  of  his  life. 
Name  two  of  his  poems.  Which  of  the  classics  did  he  trans- 
late?  301-302,  478 

Name  the  greatest  work  of  John  Locke.  Of  Sir  Isaac  Newton. 

State  some  facts  about  each 296,  458,  470 

For  what  sort  of  writing  is  the  first  half  of  the  18th  century 

notable?  What  writers  developed  a  new  style  of  essays?. . . ,  302 

What  was  the  "Tatler"?  The  "Spectator"?  The  "Guardian"? 
By  whom  were  they  published?  Name  some  contributors. 
What  is  the  value  of  Addison's  essays?  Tell  something  of 
his  life 302,  382,  394 

At  what  time  did  prose  fiction  develop  in  England?  Who  was 

the  first  fiction  writer  of  the  century? 302 

What  are  Daniel  Defoe's  best-known  works?  Tell  the  story  of 

"Robinson  Crusoe" 302,  426,  378 

Who  wrote  "Gulliver's  Travels"?  The  "Tale  of  a  Tub"?  Give 
a  short  sketch  of  the  author's  life.  What  is  the  character 
of  "Gulliver's  Travels"?  What  is  Lilliput  land?  Laputa? 
302,  492,  361-367 

Mention  two  novels  by  Fielding.  Name  two  by  Richardson. 

Smollett.  Sterne.  Tell  something  of  each  work 302,  344-381 

Give  some  facts  about  Fielding,  Smollett,  Sterne.  Which  is 

called  the  father  of  English  fiction?. 433-490 

How  does  the  "Vicar  of  Wakefield"  rank  among  novels  of  the 
18th  century?  Outline  the  life  of  Goldsmith.  Give  the 
theme  of  the  "Vicar  of  Wakefield",  "She  Stoops  to  Con- 
quer", "The  Deserted  Village" 302,  438,  352-386 

105 


Mention  well-known  poems  by  Gray,  Collins,  Cowper.    What  is 

the  literary  value  of  Gray's  work? 302,  296,  439 

Name  three  18th  century  historians.  Two  distinguished  orators. 
Tell  something  of  their  lives  and  their  literary  standing. 
What  did  Blackstone  write? 302,  407-448 

Give  an  account  of  the  literary  work  carried  on  by  Dr.  Samuel 
Johnson.  What  is  his  most  famous  work?  Why  did  he 
write  "Rasselas"?  Who  was  BosweU? 302,  451,  377,  410 

What  are  the  themes  of  Burns's  poems?     Give  the  titles  of  three 

poems.     At  what  age  did  Burns  die? 302,  296,  413-414 

Name  the  English  poets  of  the  early  part  of  the  19th  century. 
What  changes  are  observed  in  the  poetry  of  this  time? 
302-303 

What  was  the  aim  of  Wordsworth's  poetry?     Name  one  of  his 

best  poems.     Quote  the  first  lines  of  three 303,  389-390 

What  is  meant  by  poet  laureate?  Name  the  first  poet  laureate. 
The  present  one.  Mention  four  laureates  of  the  19th  cen- 
tury. When  did  Wordsworth  become  poet  laureate?. .  .365-366,  503 

Name  Coleridge's  finest  poems.  Mention  some  poems  by  Shelley. 
By  Keats.  Who  was  the  ancient  mariner?  Endymion? 
303,  297,  344,  355 

Of  what  nationality  was  Thomas  Moore?  What  is  his  best- 
known  work?  What  is  the  "Loves  of  the  Angels"?  Explain 
the  following  allusions:  Nourmahal,  Nucta,  the  veiled 
prophet 303,  296,  368-386 

For  what  is  Byron's  poetry  remarkable?  After  the  production 
of  which  poem  was  it  that  Byron  "awoke  one  morning  and 
found  himself  famous"?  What  is  the  plan  of  "Childe 
Harold"?  Of  "Manfred"? 303,  414,  350,  370 

Sketch  the  lives  of  Byron,  Shelley,  Keats.     State  the  parentage 

of  each  and  the  age  of  each  at  death 414-487 

Mention  five  prose  writers  of  the  first  half  of  the  19th  century. 
In  what  fields  of  literature  were  they  prominent?  Which 
will  be  remembered  as  the  creator  of  the  historical  novel?  303 

Give  a  brief  outline  of  the  life  of  Sir  Walter  Scott.    Name  three 
of  his  poems.     What  are  the  Waverley   novels?    Who  are 
the  following  characters  :  Dandie  Dinmont,  Ivanhoe,   lady 
of  the  lake,  Lochinvar,  Red-gauntlet? 486,  386,  351-377 

Of  what  class  were  most  of  the  writings  of  Lamb,  De  Quincey, 
Macaulay,  John  Stuart  Mill?  State  some  item  of  interest 
from  the  life  of  each 303,  426-466 

In  what  year  did  the  Victorian  age  of  English  literature  begin? 

For  what  is  it  chiefly  known? 303 

106 


Name  two  poets,  two  writers  of  prose  fiction,  two  essayists,  two 

philosophers,  and  two  historians  of  the  Victorian  age 303 

Give  the  title  of  one  poem  by  Robert  Browning.  One  by  Elizabeth 
Barrett  Browning.  In  what  countries  did  they  spend  many 
years?  Tell  something  of  the  "Ring  and  the  Book",  the 
Pied  Piper  of  Hamelin",  "Pippa  Passes" 297,  412,  375-378 

In  what  year  was  Tennyson  born?  What  honors  were  conferred 
upon  him  in  1850  and  in  1884?  What  is  the  purpose  of  the 
"Idylls  of  the  King"? 493,  363 

To  what  extent  do  the  old  legends  of  King  Arthur  enter  into  the 
"Idylls  of  the  King"?  Who  was  Elaine?  Sir  Galahad? 
345-359 

Is  Matthew  Arnold's  reputation  based  chiefly  upon  his  work  as  an 
author  or  as  a  critic?  What  educational  positions  did  he 
hold?  Mention  two  of  his  works 400,  297 

What  place  does  Bulwer-Lytton  occupy  in  English  fiction? 
Describe  his  brilliant  literary  career.  Give  the  titles  of  his 
two  best-known  works 460,  297 

Which  class  of  people  furnished  material  for  Thackeray's  novels? 

For  Dickens's?  For  George  Eliot's? 303 

Give  a  sketch  of  the  life  of  Thackeray.  What  did  he  study  in 
Paris?  Name  four  of  his  books.  Describe  these  characters: 
Col.  Newcome,  Mr.  Sedley,  Becky  Sharp 494,  372-381 

Describe  the  hardships  of  Dickens's  early  life.  Sketch  his  later 
successes.  What  did  Dickens  purpose  to  accomplish  in  most 
of  his  novels? 427,  303 

Describe  each  of  the  following  characters.  State  in  which  of 
Dickens's  novels  each  occurs:  Sydney  Carton,  Mrs.  ©amp, 
Gradgrind,  Uriah  Heep,  Mrs.  Jellyby,  Mrs.  Nickleby,  Scrooge, 
Bill  Sikes 349-382 

Give  the  real  name  of  George  Eliot.  Name  her  best  works. 

Give  the  first  line  of  "The  Choir  Invisible" 430,  297,  388 

What  lesson  did  Carlyle  undertake  to  teach?  Compare  the 
teachings  of  Carlyle  and  Ruskin.  Give  dates  of  birth  and 
some  details  of  the  life  of  each.  Name  two  of  Carlyle's 
books.  Two  of  Ruskin's 303,  416,  484 

In  what  line  of  writing  is  Herbert  Spencer  prominent?  What  was 

his  early  occupation? 303,  489 

Of  what  did  the  following  write:  Hugh  Miller,  Darwin,  Tyndall, 
Huxley?  In  what  century  did  they  live?  What  was  the 
effect  of  Darwin's  work? 297,  425-496 

What  histories  were  written  by  Grote,  Rawlinson,  Froude, 

Green? 297,  435-479 

107 


What  was  the  purpose  of  Charles  Reade's  novels?    Name  three 

of  them 479,  297 

Give  the  names  of  three  works  by  Charles  Kingsley.  State 

the  character  of  each.  What  was  Kingsley's  profession? . .  453,  297 
Mention  one  work  by  Anthony  Trollope.  State  something  of 

his  life 297,  495 

Sketch  briefly  the  life  of  Charlotte  Bronte.  Mention  three  of 

her  books.    What  was  the  success  of  "Jane  Eyre"?    How 

does  it  rank? 411,  297 

For  what  profession  did  Thomas  Hughes  prepare?  Name  some 

of  his  principal  works 447,  297 

Mention  some  writings  by  George  Meredith.  Where  was  he 

educated? 465 

Tell  something  of  Richard  Blackmore  and  his  works 407,297 

What  positions  were  occupied  by  Sir  Edwin  Arnold?  Name 

his  most  important  work 400,  297 

In  what  year  was  James  Bryce  born?  Mention  some  of  the 

important  offices  held  by  him.  Name  three  of  his  books.  .297,  412 
Give  the  names  of  two  poems  by  Swinburne.  Mention  an  essay 

and  a  play  by  Swinburne 492 

Name  two  books  by  John  Watson.  Under '  what  pseudonym 

did  he  write?  What  was  his  profession  in  early  lif e? 498 

Give  the  names  of  three  works  by  Hall  Caine.  When  and  where 

was  he  born?  What  was  his  early  profession? 414 

State  the  nationality  of  James  M.  Barrie.  Mention  four  of  his 

works   for    the    stage.     Give   the   titles    of   his  first  four 

books 403 

Tell  something  of  the  life  of  Robert  Louis  Stevenson.  Name 

four  of  his  books.  Where  did  he  spend  his  last  years? .....  490 
Sketch  briefly  the  life  of  Henry  Rider  Haggard.  Name  two 

of  his  best-known  works 441 

Where  was  Rudyard  Kipling  born?  Mention  five  of  his  works. 

Quote  the  first  line  of  the  "Recessional" 453,  390 

What  English  poet  is  called  the  poet's  poet?  The  father  of  English 

poetry?    The  bard  of  Avon?    The  bard  of  Rydal  Mount? 

299,  298,  346 

What  is  the  real  name  of  each  of  the  following  English  writers: 

Currer   Bell,    Marie   Corelli,    Boz,    Ian   MacLaren,    Gavin 

Ogilvy,  Lewis  Carroll? 321-323 

Name  the  author  of  each  of  the  following:  "Lorna  Doone", 

"Vanity    Fair",   "The  Woman    in  White",    "Jane  Eyre", 

"Scottish  Chiefs",  "The  Compleat  Angler",   "Last  Days  of 

Pompeii",  "Pride  and  Prejudice" 296-297 

108 


Identity  tne  following  characters  in  stories,  plays,  or  poems,  and 
name  the  author:  John  Barleycorn,  Captain  Bobadil,  Doctor 
Jekyll  and  Mr.  Hyde,  DoUy  Varden,  Fagin,  Tarn  O'Shanter, 
Tommy  Atkins 346-384 

Name  the  authors  of  the  following  poems:  "Crossing  the  Bar", 
"The  Cotter's  Saturday  Night",  "Lucile",  "The  Lost  Chord", 
"Lays  of  Ancient  Rome" 388-389,  296-297 

Give  the  title  and  the  author  of  each  of  the  poems  beginning  with 
the  following  lines : 
"A  thing  of  beauty  is  a  joy  forever." 
"Flow  gently,  sweet  Afton,  among  thy  green  braes." 
"How  does  the  water  come  down  at  Lodore?" 
"Sweet  and  low,  sweet  and  low." 
"Lead,  kindly  light,  amid  the  encircling  gloom." 
"The  year's  at  the  spring." 
"Drink  to  me  only  with  thine  eyes." 387-390 

AMERICAN  LITERATURE 

Why  are  American  history  and  American  literature  not  contem- 
poraneous terms? 306 

Mention  three  periods  into  which  American  literature  is  divided. 

What  years  are  included  in  each  of  the  three  periods? 306 

Why  did  the  character  of  colonial  literature  vary  in  different 

parts  of  the  country? , 306 

Give  a  brief  description  of  the  literature  of  Virginia  during  the 
colonial  period.  Who  is  the  author  of  "A  True  Relation  of 
Virginia"?  When  and  where  was  it  published? 306 

Mention  two  narratives  and  descriptions  of  the  new  world,  pub- 
lished in  the  17th  century.  By  whom  and  for  what  purpose 
were  they  written? 306 

Compare  the  progress  of  education  in  New  England  with  that  of 
Virginia  during  the  colonial  period.  What  was  the  first 
book  printed  in  the  New  England  colonies? 306 

State  the  nature  of  the  earliest  writings  in  New  England.  In 
what  form  were  the  events  of  the  first  year  of  the  Plymouth 
colony  recorded? 306 

Who  wrote  the  "History  of  Plymouth"?  To  what  date  does  it 

extend? 306 

What  was  the  character  of  the  literature  of  New  England  through- 
out the  colonial  period?  Explain 306 

Mention  six  writers  of  the  colonial  period.  Which  three  of  these 

were  the  greatest? 304,  306,  307 

What  is  the  representative  work  of  John  Winthrop?  What 

position  did  he  hold? 304,  503 

100 


Mention  three  facts  concerning  the  life  of  Cotton  Mather.  What 

is  the  nature  of  the  "Magnalia"? 463,  307,  369 

Give  a  concise  biography  of  Jonathan  Edwards  and  mention 

three  of  his  works.     Which  is  best  known? 430,  307 

Name  three  representative  works  of  Benjamin  Franklin.  Give  a 
short  account  of  his  life.  What  did  "Poor  Richard's 
Almanac"  contain? 307,  434,  376 

In  what  year  was  the  first  newspaper  published  in  America?     Give 

the  name  and  the  date  of  the  second.     The  third 307 

What  was  the  character  of  the  writings  of  the  revolutionary 

period?     What  literary  value  have  its  state  papers? 307 

Who  was  the  greatest  orator  of  Massachusetts  during  the  revolu- 
tionary period?  Of  Virginia?  Mention  five  statesmen  of 
the  revolutionary  period  who  were  able  writers.  Name  some 
of  the  state  papers  partly  produced  by  Thomas  Jefferson. .  307,  450 

TeU  the  origin  of  "Yankee  Doodle" 307 

Who  is  the  author  of  the  "Battle  of  the  Kegs"? 304 

Where  was]jthe  literary  center  of  America  during  the  early  part 

of  the  19th  century?. 307 

What  is  the  representative  work  of  Noah  Webster?    Name  three 

other  works.     TeU  something  of  his  lif e 304,  499 

Who  are  the  best-known  writers  of  the  first  half  of  the  19th  century? 

Name  three  prose  writers  and  three  poets  of  that  century .  .  307-308 

Divide  the  New  England  writers  of  the  19th   century  into   three 

groups.     Mention  three  prominent  names  from  each  group .  307-308 

Give  the  names  of  the  great  orators  of  the  North.     With  what 

orators  of  the  South  were  these  contemporaneous? 308 

In  what  century  were  the  folio  whig  born :  Daniel  Webster,  Edward 
Everett,  Rufus  Choate,  Henry  Clay,  Robert  Hayne,  John  C. 
Calhoun?  Name  Webster's  most  brilliant  address.  What  did 
Everett  write?  What  rank  has  Choate  as  an  orator? 414-499 

Mention  two  works  by  William  Ellery  Charming.     How  does  his 

literary  style  compare  with  that  of  other  American  writers?.     418 

Tell  something  of  the  writings  of  Joseph  Story  and  Thomas  Hart 

Benton 304,  491,  405 

Give  a  concise  biography  of  Washington  Irving.  For  what  pro- 
fession was  Irving  prepared?  Name  six  of  his  writings. 
Associate  one  of  his  books  with  his  life  in  Spain 448 

Tell  the  story  of  Rip  Van  Winkle.  In  what  work  does  it  occur? 
Who  was  Diedrich  Knickerbocker?  To  what  was  the  name 
Salmagundi  applied? 378,  364,  379 

What  well-known  American  authors  were  born  during  the  Ameri- 
can revolution? 139,  304 

no 


Give  a  brief  sketch  of  the  life  of  James  Fenimore  Cooper.     Into 

what  languages  have  Cooper's  works  been  translated? 422 

On  what  historical  fact  is  Cooper's  "Pilot"  based?  Name  the 
books  composing  the  "Leather-Stocking  Tales".  Outline 
the  story  running  through  the  series.  As  what  character  does 
Natty  Bumppo  appear  in  the  different  tales? 376,  366,  371 

Give  the  first  lines  of  "The  American  Flag"  and  "The  Culprit 

Fay".     Who  wrote  them?     When  did  he  live? 387-388,  304 

Mention  one  poem  by  Fitz-Greene  Halleck.   Quote  its  first  line.  .304,  389 

Give  a  biographical  sketch  of  William  Cullen  Bryant.  At  what 
age  was  "Thanatopsis"  written?  Name  some  of  his  other 
writings.  Give  the  first  line  of  the  "Death  of  the  Flowers". 
Of  "To  a  Waterfowl".  Of  "Thanatopsis" 412,  388-390 

By  whom  were  "Hail,  Columbia",  "The  Star-Spangled  Banner", 
"Home,  Sweet  Home",  "America"  written?  State  facts 
about  the  authors.  During  what  war  was  "The  Star- 
Spangled  Banner"  written? 304-305,  447-475 

What  is  the  representative  work  of  Joseph  E.  Worcester?    When 

was  it  published? 304,  503 

When  and  where  was  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson  born?  How  does 
he  rank  among  American  writers?  Mention  three  repre- 
sentative works  of  Emerson.  Of  what  English  philosopher 
was  Emerson  a  friend?  Which  of  the  two  was  older?.  .431,  297 

State  the  topics  of  Emerson's  "Representative  Men".     Quote  the 

first  line  of  the  "Concord  Hymn" 377,  388 

Mention  four  of  the  representative  works  of  Nathaniel  Haw- 
thorne. Upon  whioh  does  his  reputation  mainly  rest?  Out- 
line the  plot  of  the  "Scarlet  Letter" 304,  444,  380 

Where  was  Brook  Farm?     What  literary  people  were  connected 

with  it?     In  which  of  Hawthorne's  romances  is  the  story  told?     348 

Relate  the  principal  events  in  the  life  of  Longfellow.  What  was 
his  education?  Mention  four  of  his  most  celebrated  poems. 
Name  another  American  poet  born  in  the  same  year 458,  305 

From  what  source  did  Longfellow  gather  the  material  for  "Hia- 
watha"? Who  was  Minnehaha?  Osseo? 362-373 

What  is  the  subject  of  Longfellow's  "Evangeline"?  Name  its 
principal  characters.  In  what  poem  do  Miles  Standish  and 
Priscilla  appear?  What  are  the  "Tales  of  a  Wayside  Inn"? .  .  366-383 

Where  was  John  G.  Whittier  born?  Of  what  descent  was  he? 
What  trade  did  he  learn?  At  what  time  was  he  a  member 
of  the  legislature? .  501 

Name  three  of  Whittier's  poems.     Quote  the  first  line  of  the 

"Barefoot  Boy".    Of  "Maud  Muller" 501,  387,  389 

111 


For  what  works  is  Oliver  Wendell  Holmes  best  known?  In  what 
magazine  did  they  first  appear?  Quote  the  first  lines  of  "The 
Boys",  "The  Chambered  Nautilus",  and  "The  Last  Leaf". 
446,  388-389 

Tell  something  of  the  life  of  Edgar  Allan  Poe.  How  do  his 

writings  compare  with  those  of  other  American  poets? ....  477,  307 

Give  the  first  lines  of  "Annabel  Lee"  and  "The  Raven".  By 
whom  were  they  written?  Where  is  the  scene  of  "The  Gold 
Bug"  laid? 387,  390,  360 

By  what  address  did  Abraham  Lincoln  attain  fame  as  an  orator? 

In  what  year  were  Lincoln,  Holmes,  and  Poe  born? .  .  308,  457,  305 

Give  a  brief  account  of  the  life  and  the  writings  of  James  Russell 

Lowell 459 

Name  in  chronological  order  five  American  historians  born  between 

1795  and  1825 304-305,  308 

Of  what  countries  did  Prescott  write  history?  Mention  two  his- 
torical works  by  Bancroft.  What  period  of  American  history 
is  covered  by  Bancroft's  work?  By  Hildreth's?  On  what 
works  is  Motley's  fame  based?  Name  Parkman's  best-known 
histories 304-305,  403-478 

What  government  positions  were  held  by  Motley?  How  did  Park- 
man  gather  material  for  "The  Conspiracy  of  Pontiac"?.  .469,  474 

In  what  circumstances  was  Thoreau's  "Walden"  written?  Of 
what  is  it  a  record?  To  what  department  of  science  was 
Thoreau  devoted?  Of  whom  was  he  a  friend? 494,  386 

What  are  five  representative  works  of  Harriet  Beecher  Stowe? 

Which  one  is  most  famous?  Tell  something  of  her  life 491 

For  what  poem  is  Julia  Ward  Howe  best  known?  Where  was  it 

written?  Quote  its  first  line 447,  387 

Sketch  briefly  the  life  of  Edward  Everett  Hale.  Mention  five  well- 
known  works.  "Ten  Times  One  Is  Ten"  led  to  the  founding 
of  what  society? 441,  383 

Outline  the  army  service  of  Lew  Wallace.  Name  four  of  his 

books.  Give  a  synopsis  of  "Ben  HUT" 497,  347 

Name  three  humorous  writers  of  the  19th  century.  Which  of 

them  wrote  both  prose  and  poetry? 308,  305,  306 

Where  was  Samuel  L.  Clemens  born?  Sketch  his  early  life. 
Under  what  name  did  he  write?  Mention  five  of  his  works. 
Outline  briefly  the  character  Tom  Sawyer 420,  384 

What  state  was  the  birthplace  of  William  Dean  Howells?  What 
position  did  he  occupy  at  Venice?  Name  an  American  maga- 
zine edited  by  him.  Give  the  titles  of  three  of  his  best  novels. 
What  .material  furnishes  themes  for  much  of  his  work?.. .  .447,  308 

112 


To  what  class  of  writers  does  Thomas  Bailey  Aldrich  belong? 
Sketch  his  life.  What  magazine  did  he  edit?  Name  two 
of  his  poems  and  one  prose  work 395,  305 

Outline  the  life  of  Edmund  Clarence  Stedman.  Mention  three 

of  his  works.  To  what  class  of  critics  does  he  belong?. 490,  305,  308 

Quote  the  first  line  of  a  poem  by  John  Burroughs.  On  what 
subject  are  most  of  Burroughs's  works?  Name  three  of  his 
books.  Give  some  facts  about  his  early  life 390,414 

Who  was  Thomas  Wentworth  Higginson?    What  did  he  write?.446,  305 

Give  the  name  of  one  work  by  George  W.  Curtis.  One  by 

Charles  Dudley  Warner.  One  by  Frank  R.  Stockton 305 

In  what  different  occupations  did  Bret  Harte  engage?  Name 

two  of  his  writings 443 

Who  wrote  "Ramona"?  Why  is  it  especially  noteworthy?  Name 
the  best  writers  on  the  American  Indian  besides  the  author 
of  the  leather-stocking  tales 377,  366 

What  is  the  character  of  Eugene  Field's  poems?  What  is  he 
sometimes  called?  Sketch  his  early  life.  Give  the  title 
and  the  first  line  of  one  of  his  poems 433,  389 

Why  is  James  Whitcomb  Riley  called  the  Hoosier  poet?  What  was 
his  early  education?  Mention  five  of  his  poems.  Give  the  first 
lines  of  "Out  to  Old  Aunt  Mary's"  and  "Knee-deep  in  June" .  481, 389 

Outline  the  life  of  Henry  James.    Name  two  of  his  works 449,  305 

Name  two  southern  poets,  and  five  fiction  writers  of  southern  birth.     308 

What  rare  qualities  did  Sidney  Lanier  possess?  Give  the  title  of 
one  prose  work.  With  what  words  does  the  "Song  of  the 
Chattahoochee"  begin?  Sketch  his  life 308,  390,  455 

Who  wrote  "When  Malindy  Sings"?  Quote  its  first  line.  Esti- 
mate the  literary  value  of  Paul  Laurence  Dunbar's  poems.  390,  308 

Tell  something  of  the  career  of  George  W.  Cable.  Name  three 

of  his  books 414,  305 

Where  was  Thomas  Nelson  Page  born?  State  his  education. 
What  diplomatic  appointment  did  he  receive  in  1913?  Name 
three  of  his  books 473 

Sketch  the  life  of  James  Lane  Allen.  In  what  colleges  did  he 

teach?  What  are  the  titles  of  five  of  his  books? 396 

In  what  state  was  Joel  Chandler  Harris  born?  To  what  trade 
was  he  apprenticed?  Tell  something  of  the  character  of 
his  writings  as  judged  from  their  titles 443 

Under  what  name  did  Mary  N.  Murfree  for  years  conceal  her 

identity?  Mention  some  of  her  books 469 

For  what  profession  did  Thomas  Dixon,  jr.,  prepare?  Give  the 

titles  of  two  of  his  writings 428 

113 


Give  an  account  of  the  life  of  Henry  Van  Dyke.  What  has  he 

written?  What  diplomatic  post  did  he  accept  in  1913? 496 

Give  the  names  of  three  works  of  fiction  by  Richard  Harding 

Davis.  In  what  wars  did  he  serve  as  a  correspondent? 425 

Mention  some  works  of  fiction  by  Margaretta  Wade  Deland.  By 

Ellen  Glasgow 426,  438 

Mention  five  books  by  Kate  Douglas  Wiggin.  In  what  philan- 
thropic work  has  she  been  interested? 501 

Name  a  work  on  history  by  Woodrow  Wilson.  One  on  litera- 
ture. One  on  politics 502-503 

Give  the  names  of  two  historical  works  by  Theodore  Roosevelt. 

One  biographical  work.  Two  pertaining  to  western  life. . .  482 

State  important  facts  about  Elbert  Hubbard.  Give  the  titles 

of  five  of  his  works 447 

What  was  Owen  Wister's  education?  His  profession?  What  are 

the  titles  of  two  well-known  works  by  Wister? 503 

Give  a  brief  account  of  the  literary,  editorial,  and  educational 

work  of  Bliss  Perry 476 

Name  the  American  magazines  edited  by  each  of  the  following, 
and  tell  something  of  the  editor:  Albert  Shaw,  Edward 
W.  Bok,  George  Horace  Lorimer 408-487 

Mention  some  of  the  best-known  books  by  Gene  fcftratton-Forter. 

Give  a  brief  account  of  the  author's  life 478 

What  works  have  made  Harold  Bell  Wright  known?  In  what 

occupations  has  he  engaged? 504 

Who  wrote  the  following:  "The  Hoosier  Schoolmaster",  "Huckle- 
berry Finn",  "The  Lady  or  the  Tiger",  "Little  Women", 
"The  Man  without  a  Country",  "The  Oregon  Trail",  "Dream 
Life",  "Timothy  Titcomb's  Letters",  "The  Marble  Faun", 
"Ferdinand  and  Isabella",  "Potiphar  Papers",  "The  Fair 
God"? 304-306 

In  what  works  do  the  following  characters  occur :  Ichabod  Crane, 

Topsy,  Alice  RoussiUon,  Sam  Slick,  Tirzah,  Zenobia? 351-387 

Name  the  author  of  each  of  these:  "America",  "Barbara 
Frietchie",  "Old  Ironsides",  "The  Old  Oaken  Bucket", 
"Old  Folks  at  Home",  "Songs  of  the  Sierras",  "The  Vision 
of  Sir  Launfal" 387-390,  382,  305 

Who  wrote  the  "Battle  Hymn  of  the  Republic"?  "Leaves  of 

Grass"?  "Lincoln"?  "The  Piper"? 305-306 

Give  the  real  names  of  these  writers:  Ralph  Connor,  Charles 
Egbert  Craddock,  Martin  Dooley,  Fra  Elbertus,  Marion 
Harland,  Alice  Caldwell  Hegan,  H.  H.,  Josiah  Allen's  Wife,  Ik 
Marvel,  Mark  Twain,  Artemus  Ward,  John  Strange  Winter.  321-32o 

114 


GEOGRAPHY 

What  is  the  distance  of  the  sun  from  the  earth? 725 

Define  latitude.     Longitude 539,  540 

Compare  the  size  of  the  moon  with  the  size  of  the  earth.     How 

far  away  is  the  moon?     In  how  long  a  time  does  the  moon 

make  a  complete  revolution? 717 

What  are  tides?     How  many  times  does  the  tide  rise  and  fall 

each  twenty-four  hours?   Define  flood  tide.   Ebb  tide 574-575 

Explain  fully  the  cause  of  tides.     When  do  spring  tides  occur? 

Neap  tides? 574-575 

What  is  wind?    What  causes  it? 580 

Explain  the  formation  of  dew.   Why  no  dew  on  a  cloudy  night. . .     709 
Of  what  are  clouds  composed?     How  does  a  fog  differ  from  a 

cloud?     What  is  the  average  height  of  clouds? 696 

Divide  clouds  into  four  classes  and  describe  each  class.    Which 

of  these  is  highest?     Which  is  called  the  rain-cloud? 696 

Give  the  scientific  name  for  "mackerel  sky" 696 

What  is  rain?     How  is  it  caused?     Upon  what  does  the  quantity 
-  of  rainfall  depend?     Give  in  inches  the  mean  annual  deposit 

of  rain  and  dew  upon  the  surface  of  the  earth 562 

How  much  water  is  it  computed  that  the  entire  atmosphere 

can  hold  in  solution?     What  causes  the  difference  between 

rain  and  snow? .  . ' 562 

What  region  of  the  world  receives  the  greatest  annual  rainfall? 

State  in  inches  the  greatest  recorded  yearly  and  the  greatest 

recorded  daily  precipitation.     Compare  this  excessive  rainfall 

with  the  amount  received  in  the  interior  deserts  of  Asia.  .     515 
Show  the  varieties  of  climate  by  comparing  the  tropical,  arid, 

and  arctic  regions  of  Asia.     Where  is  it  hottest?     Where 

coldest? 515 

Describe  the  rainbow.     To  what  is  its  formation  due?     Where 

must  the  observer  stand  in  order  to  see  a  rainbow? 562 

By  what  other  names  is  the  aurora  borealis  known?     Describe 

its  appearance.     Where  is  :.t  visible?     When  most  frequent?     688 
What  deceptive  appearance  does  mirage  give  to  distant  objects? 

Name  localities  in  which  it  is  a  common  occurrence 544 

Arrange  in  order  of  size  the  following  continents:  Africa,  North 

America,  South  America,  Asia,  Europe,  Oceania 852 

How  much  of  the  world's  surface  does  the  Pacific  ocean  cover? .  .     552 

115 


Through  whom  did  Europe  first  learn  of  the  Pacific?  What 
European  first  saw  it?  Who  first  sailed  upon  it?  Who 
takes  first  rank  as  an  explorer  of  the  Pacific?. .' 552,  422 

Give  the  area  and  the  boundaries  of  the  Atlantic  ocean.  Where 

do  the  trade  winds  blow? 516 

Describe  the  Gulf  Stream.  To  what  is  it  due?  What  effect 

has  it  on  the  climate  of  lands  along  its  course? 536 

State  five  facts  concerning  the  Indian  ocean 538 

What  is  the  southern  boundary  of  the  Arctic  ocean? 514 

What  countries  are  separated  by  Bering  strait?  What  waters 

does  it  connect?  For  whom  was  Bering  strait  named? 518 

Give  the  names  of  the  first  five  explorers  who  attempted  to  reach 

the  north  pole.  Mention  three  of  the  19th  century 514 

How  far  north  did  Nansen  go?  Give  some  facts  about  him. 
What  latitude  was  reached  by  Abruzzi?  For  what  other 
explorations  is  he  celebrated? 514,  469,  393 

By  whom  and  when  was  the  north  pole  reached?  Give  a  short 

biography  of  Robert  E.  Peary 514,  475 

Mention  five  facts  concerning  20th  century  Antarctic  explora- 
tions. By  whom  was  the  south  pole  first  reached?  In 
what  ship  did  he  make  the  voyage? 509,  397 

Give  an  account  of  the  Antarctic  expedition  of  Captain  Robert 

Scott.  On  what  date  did  he  reach  the  pole? 509 

NORTH  AMERICA 

What  is   the   area   of   North   America?    Compare  the  areas  of 

Canada,  the  United  States  and  Mexico. . . . '. 852,  604 

Where  is  the  Rocky  mountain  system? 565 

Name  the  highest  Rocky  mountain  peak  in  the  United  States. 
The  two  highest  in  Canada.  The  highest  in  Mexico.  In 
Alaska.  Which  is  the  highest  in  North  America? 547 

Name  three  principal  river  systems  of  Canada 522 

How  large  a  portion  of  the  United  States  is  drained  by  the  Mis- 
sissippi river?  How  long  is  it?  What  is  its  chief 
tributary?  State  the  area  of  its  delta 544 

In  what  state  does  the  Missouri  rise?  How  far  is  the  Missouri 
navigable?  Give  the  total  length  of  the  Missouri  and  the 
Mississippi 544-545 

Explain  the  meaning  of  the  word  Mississippi.     From  what  did 

the  Missouri  river  derive  its  name? 829 

What  is  the  name  of  the  St.  Lawrence  river  at  its  source?   What 

lakes  does  it  drain.     State  its  width.     Its  length 570,  565 

Mention  three  Canadian  tributaries  of  the  St.  Lawrence  river. .  .  .     570 

116 


Describe  Lake  Superior.    How  much  higher  than  the  Atlantic 

ocean  is  it?    By  what  river  and  falls  does  Lake  Superior 

flow  into  Lakes  Huron  and  Michigan? 573 

How  long  is  St.  Mary's  river?    Where  and  what  is  Sault  Ste. 

Marie?     How  do  steamers  pass  these  falls? 573,  839 

How  many  islands  does  Lake  Huron  contain?    How  many  feet 

above  ocean  level  is  Lake  Michigan?    Lake  Huron?. . .  537,  543,  539 
Between  what  countries  does  Lake   Erie    lie?      Compare    the 

surface  level  of  Lake  Erie  and  Lake  Ontario 530,  539 

Give  a  brief  description  of  Niagara  river  and  Niagara  falls 549 

Why  was  Lake  Erie  so  named?    Lake  Ontario?    What  is  the 

meaning  of  the  word  Niagara? 814-832 

Between  what  two  countries  does  Lake  Ontario  form  part  of  the 

boundary?     Name  five  ports 550-551 

How  do  vessels  pass  from  Lake  Erie  to  Lake  Ontario? 654 

Which  of  the  Great  Lakes  is  wholly  within  the  United  States? 

Which  is  the  largest?    The  smallest?     The  deepest? 543,  539 

Locate  the  Yukon  river.     Compare  it  with  the  Mississippi  in 

regard  to  length 581.  565 

Into  what  ocean  does  the  Columbia  river  empty?     How  far  is  it 

navigable?     For  what  is  it  famous? 526 

How  many  states  compose  the  United  States  of  America?   Name 

the  capital  of  the  United  States.   The  metropolis.. .  .624,  605,  549 
What  is  the  travel  distance  from  Portland,  Maine,  to  San  Fran- 
cisco?    From  New  Orleans  to  Minneapolis? 863 

Name  the  territories  and  the  insular  possessions  of  the  United 

States.     Describe  the  Virgin  Islands 624-625,  577 

What  state  in  the  Union  has  the  largest  area?     The  greatest 

population? 624-625 

What  two  rivers  unite  to  form  the  Ohio?    How  long  is  it?    To 

what  city  is  it  navigable?    Between  what  states  does  it  form 

a  boundary  line? , 550 

What  is  the  capital  of  the  state  in  which  you  live?    The  area? 

State  the  origin  and  the  meaning  of  its  name 626-631,  624 

Give  the  area  of  New  York  state.     Is  Pennsylvania  larger  or 

smaller  than  New  York? 624 

For  what  is  the  city  of  New  York  especially  noted?    How  does  it 

rank  in  size  with  the  other  cities  of  the  world?    In  commerce?    549 
What  boroughs  compose  Greater  New  York?    Mention  at  least 

six  points  of  interest  in  the  city  of  New  York 549 

Describe  the  Brooklyn  bridge.     When  was  it  built?    Give  some 

facts  about  the  statue  of  Liberty  in  New  York  harbor .  779,  539 
Where  is  Hell  Gate?    Why  was  it  so  named?. 536 

117 


Locate  the  Palisades  and  briefly  describe  them.    What  are  the 

highlands  of  the  Hudson? .833,  820 

Where  is  the  world's  greatest  railway  terminal?    Describe  it 533 

What  is  Wall  street?     How  long  is  Broadway,  New  York  city? 

Describe  Central  park,  New  York  city 846,  549,  806 

What  four  canals  form  the  New  York  State  Barge  Canal?     What 

waters  does  this  canal  connect? 549 

Where  is   Buffalo?    What  fort  is   located  at  Buffalo?    What 

are  Buffalo's  principal   industries? 521 

Where  is  Chautauqua  lake? 807 

Locate    Pittsburg.    Name   its   most   important   buildings.     Its 

two  chief  industries.     Why  is  it  called  the  iron  city? 558 

How  far  from  New  York  is  Philadelphia? 556-557 

State  some  facts  about  Fairmount  park,  Philadelphia.     About 

Independence  hall.      Describe    the    city   hall.      How    does 

Philadelphia  rank  as  a  manufacturing  city? 556-557 

Describe  briefly  the  city  of  Boston.     What  are  some  of  the 

most  important  points  of  interest  in  the  city? 519 

Mention  some  statues  and  monuments  of  historic  interest  in 

Boston.   Describe  Faneuil  hall.   Locate  Beacon  Hill .  . .  519,  531,  802 
How  far  from  Boston  was  the  battle  of  Lexington  fought?     Where 

is  Bunker  Hill  monument? 130,  519 

What  is  the  most  valuable  agricultural  product  of  New  York 

state?    Massachusetts?     Pennsylvania? 648-649 

Describe  the  site  of  Washington.     For  what  purpose   was  it      ^ 

laid  out?    Name  the  principal  street 578,  834 

Give  a  brief  description  of  the  capitol  at  Washington 578 

Mention  seven  important  government  buildings  in  Washington. 

Ten  noted  monuments 578-579 

Where  is  the  Washington  monument  located?    For  what  pur- 
pose was  it  erected?    State  its  dimensions 579 

How  does  Baltimore  rank  as  a  manufacturing  and  commercial  city?     517 

Where  and  what  is  Hampton  Roads?     Why  is  it  famous? 818 

Give  the  origin  of  the  following  names:    Atlanta,  Key  West, 

Mount  Vernon,  Wheeling,  Wilkesbarre 800-847 

Why  is  Cleveland  called  the  forest  city?    How  does  it  rank 

with  other  cities  of  Ohio  in  regard  to  population? 526 

For  what  is  Indianapolis  noted? 538 

Locate  Chicago.    State  the  area  of  its  public  parks.    Mention 

its  principal  industries 524 

What  city  of  the  United  States  ranks  first  in  commerce?  Second? .  549, 524 
Name  the  principal  public  buildings  and  points  of  interest   in 

Detroit.     By  whon\  was  it  founded? 529, 133 

118 


Compare  the  population  of  Buffalo,   Cleveland,   and  Detroit. 

Show  the  percentage  of  increase  between  1910  and  1920. . . .     582 
How   does   St.  Louis   rank   as   a   manufacturing    city?    As   a 

commercial  city?     Name  some  points  of  interest 570-571 

In  what  manufacture  does  Minneapolis  lead  all  other  cities? . .     544 
Name  the  most  important  farm  product  of  each  of  these  states: 

Iowa,  Illinois,  Minnesota,  North  Dakota 648-649 

Give  the  popular  names  of  the  following  states:  Massachusetts, 

New   Hampshire,    Vermont,   Pennsylvania,   New   York.  .850-851 
From  what  did  Buffalo  get  its  name?    How  did  the  names 

of  Chicago,  Cleveland,  Cincinnati,  and  Detroit  originate?. 804-8 11 

Locate  and  describe  the  Mammoth  cave 541 

Into  what  quarters  is  New  Orleans  divided?    How  is  it  protected 

from  the  waters  of  the  Mississippi? 548-549 

What  state  is  known  as  the  Hoosier  state?    The  blue-grass 
state?    The   buckeye    state?    The   lone    star    state?     The 

panhandle  state? 850-851 

Where  is  the  garden  of  the  gods?    Why  is  it  so  named? 816 

Locate  Denver.    What"  is  its  altitude?    Its  climate? 529 

Where  is  Pike's  peak?    For  whom  was  it  named?    Give  its 

height.     How  is  the  summit  reached? 557-558 

Where  is  the  Grand  canyon?    Give  four  facts  about  it 533 

Describe  Yellowstone  park.     By  whom  is  it  owned? 580-581,  555 

Locate  and  give  history  of  Salt  Lake  City.    Mention  its  chief 

features 568 

What  is  the  most  valuable  product  of  Nevada?   Colorado?   Cali- 
fornia? Name  the  chief  copper  producing  states 648-649,  658 

Give   the   location,   commercial  importance,    and   industries   of 

Seattle.     Describe  its  shipping  facilities 569 

Where  is  Spokane  situated?    Of  what  is  it  the  center? 570 

Describe  the  situation  of  Portland,  Oregon 559 

Where  is  the  Yosemite  valley?  Give  a  brief  description  of  it. .  .  581,  555 
State  some  facts  of  interest  about  San  Francisco,  mentioning  its 

commercial  rank,  its  harbor,  its  streets,  its  parks 568 

State  the  travel  distance  from  San  Francisco  to  Chicago.     To 

New  York.     To  Washington 863 

Where  is  Los  Angeles?     Name  its  seaport 540 

How  is  Oakland  connected  with  San  Francisco?    Of  what  rail- 
roads is  it  the  western   terminus? 550 

Name  in  order  of  size  the  ten  largest  cities  in  the  United  States.     582 
What  city  in  the  United  States  is  frequently  referred  to  as  Gotham? 
The  city  of  the  golden  gate?    The  city  of  spindles?    The 
monumental  city?    The  crescent  city? 817,  783 

119 


Which  of  the  United  States  leads  in  the  production  of  corn? 

Spring  wheat?  Hay?  Potatoes?  Wool? 648-649 

What  is  the  travel  distance  from  New  York  to  Chicago?  To 

St.  Louis?  To  Denver? 863 

Name  four  of  the  largest  canals  in  the  United  States,  and  men- 
tion the  cities  connected  by  them 653 

Mention  two  states  in  which  oranges  are  extensively  grown. 

Which  state  excels  in  the  production  of  rice? 754,  648 

Name  the  metropolis  of  each  of  the  following  states:  New 

York,  Pennsylvania,  IlliDois,  Massachusetts,  Missouri 624-625 

Name  five  of  the  leading  cotton  producing  states  and  three  of 

the  leading  gold  and  silver  producing  states 648-649 

Mention  three  states  in  which  coal  is  mined.  Four  in  which 

abundant  supplies  of  petroleum  are  found 655-656,  757 

Where  is  the  present  center  of  population  of  the  United  States? 

How  far  west  has  it  moved  in  the  past  fifty  years? 781-782 

Describe  Alaska — its  capital,  the  principal  industry.  Tell  some- 
thing, of  the  mining,  industries 508 

Locate  Mt.  McKinley.  How  does  the  height  of  Mt.  McKinley 

compare  with  other  mountains  of  the  United  States? .  . .  547 
Mention  the  provinces  of  the  Dominion  of  Canada.  The  capital. 

The  metropolis 521,  605,  546 

-What  river  divides  Canada  into  eastern  and  western  regions? 521 

How  does  the  climate  of  eastern  Canada  compare  with  that  of 

Europe?  With  that  of  southwestern  Canada? 522 

Mention  four  mineral  products  of  Canada 522 

Where  does  the  Ottawa  river  rise?  Into  what  does  it  empty? 

Between  what  provinces  does  it  form  the  boundary? 551 

Locate  Montreal.  Describe  the  city.  Why  was  it  so  named? . .  546,  830 

Describe  the  Victoria  bridge.  State  its  length 522,  546,  778-780 

Give  a  short  sketch  of  Ottawa — its  location,  important  buildings,  \ 

chief  commercial  enterprise 551 

What  is  the  meaning  of  the  name  Toronto?  Of  what  province 

is  Toronto  the  capital? 844,  575 

For  what  is  Quebec  especially  noted?  Why  is  it  often  called  the 

Gibraltar  of  America? 562 

What  is  the  chief  Pacific  seaport  of  Canada? 522 

Of  what  Canadian  province  is  Halifax  the  capital?  For  what 

is  its  harbor  noted?     What  government  station  is  maintained 

at  Halifax?, 536 

Name  the  terminals  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  railroad.  In  what 

year  was  it  completed? 522 

In  what  part  of  Canada  was  gold  discovered  in  1910? 748 

120 


Name  the  greatest  grain  and  timber  market  in  America.     The 

greatest  lumber  market  in  the  world 524,  521 

Of  what  three  natural  divisions  does  Mexico  consist?     State  its 

extreme    length   and    breadth.     Mention    its    two    highest 

mountains 543 

Give  the  area  and  population  of  Mexico.     How  many  states  and 

territories  does  it  contain?  Name  the  six  most  populous  states.    543 
Explain  the  signification  of  the  following  names:     Costa  Rica, 

Guatemala,  Honduras 810-820 

Give  a  brief  description  of  the  isthmus  of  Panama.     How  high 

is  Culebra  pass? 553 

Describe   the  republic   of   Panama.     Give  its   dimensions.     Its 

capital.     Upon  what  foundation  is  the  city  built? 553,  552 

Describe  the  climate  of  Panama.     Mention  its  staple  crop.     What 

is  the  character  of  the  interior  forests? 553 

What  are  the  mineral  resources  of  Panama?  What  is  its  chief  export?  553 

What  is  the  Canal  Zone?    By  whom  is  it  controlled? 553 

Give  size  and  cost  of  the  Panama  canal.  How  much  does  it  shorten 

the  sea  route  from  New  York  to  San  Francisco? 553 

Locate    Porto    Rico.    Mention    the    capital.    The    metropolis. 

Describe  the  people.    What  are  the  exports? 559-560 

State  the  area  of  Cuba.     Name  its  capital.     Its  chief  export. 

'  A  metal  found  in  large  quantities 527-528,  605 

What  portion  of  Cuba  is  mountainous?    Tell  something  of  the 

climate  of  Cuba.     The  vegetation.     The  animal  life 527-528 

What  is  the  meaning  of  the  name  Havana?    Describe  the  city 

and  the  harbor.     Name  the  principal  manufacture 536 

Where  is  Mt.  Pel<5e?  Describe  the  volcanic  eruption  of  1902. .  .  .       556 
What  are  national  parks?     National  monuments?     Name  and 

locate  ten  of  each 555 

SOUTH  AMERICA 

Compare  the  area  of  South  America  with  that  of  North  America.     852 
Give  a  brief  description  of  the  Andes  mountains.     For  what 

are  they  celebrated? 509 

Name  three  South  American  volcanoes.     The  highest  mountain 

on  the  American  continent 577,  547 

Give  a  concise  account  of  the  Amazon  river.    How  long  is  it? 

How  wide  at  its  mouth?     What  is  the  area  drained  by  it? . .     509 
In  what  country  and  in  what  mountains  does  the  Orinoco  rise? 

What  length  of  coast  line  is  intersected  by  its  mouths? 551 

Where  is  the  La  Plata  river?    Give  some  interesting  facts  about 

its  waters.     Name  two  cities  on  its  banks 564 

121 


What  portion  of  South  America  is  occupied  by  Brazil?    Compare 

the  area  of  Brazil  with  that  of  Europe 520,  604,  852 

Mention  two  facts  concerning  the  rivers  and  forests  of  Brazil.  ., 

What  are  the  valuable  woods?  The  chief  minerals? 520 

Describe  Rio  de  Janeiro 564 

State  the  length,  breadth,  and  area  of  Argentina.  Mention  the 

four  chief  natural  divisions  of  its  surface.     Name  its  highest 

mountain.  Give  its  principal  products 515 

Where  is  Buenos  Ayres?  How  does  the  city  secure  telegraphic 

communication  with  North  America? 520 

Locate  Chile.  State  its  width.  What  is  the  climate?  Give  its 

chief  source  of  wealth.  What  metal  is  abundant? 525 

Name  the  capital  of  Chile.  Two  other  cities 525 

In  what  country  is  Mt.  Cotopaxi?  For  what  is  it  noted? 527 

From  what  South  American  country  do  most  of  the  diamonds 

of  commerce  come?  Much  of  the  platinum? 520,  526 

Compare  the  wool  product  of  South  America  with  that  of  the 

United  States.     Of.\Canada.     Name  two  grains  produced  in 

large  quantities  in  South  America 680 

What  is  the  origin  or  the  meaning  of  the  following:  Argentina, 

Brazil,  Cape  Horn,  Chile,  Patagonia,  Peru? 800-834 

EUROPE 

For  what  three  features  is  the  continent  of  Europe  noteworthy?. .     531 
Describe   the   climate    of   Europe.     Name    its   chief   mountain 

systems.     What  are  its  principal  rivers? 531 

What  grand  division  is  separated  from  Europe  by  the  Caspian  sea? 

By  the  Mediterranean?   By  the  Caucasus  mountains? ....  523,  543 
What  boundary  is  partly  formed  by  the  Ural  mountains?     What 

minerals  and  precious  stone  s  are  found  in  the  Urals? 576 

Why  is  the  Caspian  sea  noted?   Why  is  navigation  perilous? 523 

Locate  the  Dardanelles.     How  wide  is  it? » 528 

Where  are  the  Alps?     Between  what  seas  do  they  form  a  water- 
shed?      508 

Name  four  passes  of  the  Alps.     Tell  something  of  the  Simplon 

pass.    Name  three  lesser  peaks  of  the  Alps 508-509 

Describe  Mont  Blanc.     The  Matterhorn 545,  542 

Define  glacier.     What  are  moraines?     Name  the  largest  glacier 

in  the  world.     The  largest  in  Europe 533 

Give  a  brief  description  of  the  river  Rhine 563 

In  what  forest  does  the  Danube  rise?     Describe  this  river 528 

What  countries  are  separated  by  the  English  channel? 530 

122 


State  the  name  applied  to  the  United  Kingdom,  with  its  colonies 
and    dependencies.     What   countries   compose    the   United 

Kingdom?     Name  its  capital 534-535,  605 

What   are  the  boundaries   of  England?     State  its  area.     Tell 

something  of  the  river  Thames 530,  574 

Describe  the  climate  of  England.     Mention  six  cities •.     530 

Briefly  describe  London.     What  is  its  rank? 540 

Describe  St.  Paul's  cathedral.      Give  a  brief  account  of  West- 
minster abbey.     What  is  the  "poets'  corner"?     For  what  is 

Westminster  hall  chiefly  remarkable? 571,  579-580,  835 

For  what  is  each  of  these  streets  of  London  noted:    Cheapside, 
Maiden   Lane,   Mincing  Lane,  Paternoster  Row,  Piccadilly, 
Regent  street,  Rotten  Row,  Scotland  Yard,  Whitechapel? .  .807-846 
Where  and  what  is  Great  Tom?    Grosvenor  square?     Hyde  park? 

Mayfair?    PaU  MaU?     Trafalgar  square? 817-844 

State  three  facts  about  the  commerce  of  Liverpool  and  its  ship- 
ping facilities 540 

Give  a  brief  description  of  Wales.     Tell  something  of  the  people. 

Of  the  valuable  minerals.     Mention  three  manufactures 577 

Why  are  few  points  in  Scotland  more  than  forty  miles  from 

the  sea?  How  many  islands  does  Scotland  possess?. . . .  568-569 
Name  four  chief  cities  of  Scotland.  Which  is  the  capital?. . .  .569,  529 
Describe  the  situation  of  Edinburgh.  Why  is  it  called  the  modern 

Athens?    Mention  three  points  of  interest  in  the  city . .  529-530 

For  what  is  Glasgow  celebrated? 533 

Describe  the  surface  of  Ireland.     The  climate.    Why  is  Ireland 

called  the  emerald  isle? 533 

What  territory  will  the  Irish  Free  State  include? 538 

Where  and  what  is  the  Giant's  causeway? 533 

On  what  land  is  Dublin  built?     Describe  the  city 529 

What  are  the  boundaries  of  France?     What  great  commercial 

advantages  does  France  possess  because  of  its  position? ...  531 
Compare  the  climate  of  France  with  that  of  other  countries  of 

Europe.  What  product  is  a  principal  source  of  wealth?.  . . .  531 
Name  the  chief  minerals  of  France.  The  principal  manufactures. 

For  what  is  Sevres  noted?    St.  Gobain?     Amiens? 531-532 

Name  the  great  commercial  cities  of  France.     The  finest  ports. .     532 
Describe    Paris — its    situation,     quays,     fortifications,     streets, 

boulevards,  triumphal  arches,  principal  public  square .  .554,  800 
What  is  the  Champs  Elysees?  The  Bois  de  Boulogne?  The 

Bois  de  Vincennes? 806,  803,  554 

Briefly  describe  the  cathedral  of  Notre  Dame.     What  is  the 

Pantheon  at  Paris?    The  Louvre? 554-555,  826 

123 


flow  high  is  the  Eiffel  tower?  By  whom  was  it  designed? 530,  43ti 

Give  some  facts  about  Cherbourg,  Marseilles,  Rheims.  For 

what  production  is  the  vicinity  of  Rheims  noted? 524-563 

Why  are  the  passes  of  the  Pyrenees  dangerous? 562 

Give  the  boundaries  of  Spain.  Describe  the  interior 570 

To  what  country  does  Gibraltar  belong?  Where  is  it?  Compare 

it  with  other  fortresses.  Describe  the  strait  of  Gibraltar.533,  816 
Name  some  of  the  principal  minerals  found  in  Spain.  What 

portion  of  Spain  is  covered  by  forests?  Name  some  remark- 
able trees.  Mention  five  fruits  grown  in  Spain 570 

Compare  Madrid  with  other  European  cities.  Describe  the  city — 

its  gates,  principal  street,  greatest  building,  royal  museum. .  541 

Name  the  most  important  manufacturing  city  in  Spain 518 

For  what  is  the  harbor  of  Lisbon  distinguished?  Why  has 

Lisbon  no  very  old  buildings? 540 

Name  the  capital  of  France.  Of  Spain.  ;Of  Portugal 604-605 

Give  the  origin  of  the  following  names:  Bordeaux,  Havre, 

Lisbon,  Madrid,  Portugal,  Spain 803-842 

Of  how  many  provinces  is  Belgium  composed?"  Mention  an 

important  fact  concerning  the  farmers  of  Belgium 518 

To  whom  is  much  of  the  coal  of  Belgium  sold?  Name  three 

manufactures  of  Belgium.  Where  is  each  made? 518 

How  is  Brussels  often  described?  Name  some  noted  buildings. . .  520 

For  what  is  the  cathedral  at  Antwerp  celebrated? 510 

Locate  the  Netherlands,  or  Holland.  Mention  six  possessions  of 

Holland 548 

Describe  the  surface  of  Holland.  How  far  below  sea-level  are 

the  lowest  parts?  For  what  two  purposes  are  dikes  used? . . .  548 
On  what  foundation  is  Amsterdam  built?  Describe  its  mode  of 

defense.  For  what  expert  workmen  is  Amsterdam  famous?  509 

Describe  Rotterdam.  For  what  is  the  Hague  celebrated? 567,  536 

Name  the  capital  of  Belgium.  Of  the  Netherlands.  Compare 

the  areas  of  the  two  countries 604-605 

What  is  the  chief  commercial  city  of  the  Netherlands?  The 

chief  port?  Mention  the  chief  port  of  Belgium 509,  567,  510 

What  is  the  Allee  Verte?  The  JBinnenhof? 798, 803 

Name  four  countries  bordering  on  the  Baltic  sea 517 

Of  how  many  states  is  the  German  republic  composed?  Name  five.  532 

Describe  the  surface  of  Germany.  Where  is  the  Black  forest? 532 

Name  two  mountain  ranges  of  Germany.  Five  rivers.  Tell  how 

far  south  the  Rhine  freezes 532 

In  what  agricultural  products  does  Germany  excel?  Name 

five  principal  seaports.      Five  commercial  cities 532,  680 

124 


Of  what  republic  is  Prussia  the  principal  state?    Name  three 

important  cities 561 

Why  is  Berlin  an  important  city?  How  does  it  rank  with  other 

cities  of  Europe?  What  is  "Unter  den  Linden"? 518,  845 

Tell  something  about  the  cathedral  at  Cologne 526 

Give  three  reasons  for  the  importance  of  Hamburg 536 

Describe  Munich.  Name  its  principal  industries 547-548 

What  is  the  most  famous  institution  in  Dresden? 529 

By  whom  was  each  of  the  following  cities  founded:  Cologne, 

Hamburg,  Munich? 526-548,  830 

Where  is  Oberammergau?  For  what  is  it  celebrated? 550 

For  what  is  Aix-la-Chapelle  noted? 798 

Describe  Denmark .  Name  three  island  possessions .  Four  seaports . 

How  is  internal  communication  carried  on? 528-529 

Trace  the  history  of  the  name  Copenhagen 809-810 

Give  the  boundaries  of  the  Republic  of  Austria.  Its  capital.  .517,  605 

What  provinces  now  constitute  the  Austrian  republic? 517 

Locate  and  briefly  describe  Vienna.  For  what  is  it  noted? 577 

Of  what  councry  is  Budapest  the  capital?  Contrast  Buda  and 

Pest  as  to  position  and  character 520 

Compare  Prague  with  Budapest.  How  did  the  name  Prague 

originate? 560,  520,  836 

Where  is  Carlsbad?  For  what  is  it  noted?  Ischl? 523,  822 

In  the  basin  of  what  river  does  Rumania  lie?  Describe  the 

climate.  What  is  the  chief  occupation  of  the  people? 567 

Describe  the  surface  of  Switzerland.  Are  its  rivers  navigable? 

Name  five  lakes 573-574 

Why  is  Lake  Lucerne  so  named?  What  is  the  lion  of  Lucerne? 

Where  is  St.  Bernard  pass?  Chillon? 808-838 

Describe  the  shape  of  Italy  and  its  climate.  Name  its  boundaries. 

Which  province  is  called  the  garden  of  Italy? 538 

What  range  of  mountains  intersects  Italy?  Describe  Mt.  Vesu- 
vius. What  cities  have  been  destroyed  by  its  eruptions? . .  538,  576 

Give  a  brief  description  of  the  river  Po.  Of  the  Tiber 558,  574 

Where  is  Lake  Maggiore?  What  island  in  it  is  renowned  for  its 

beauty? 541 

Describe  Rome,  mentioning  the  city  gates,  the  finest  streets,  the 

palaces  and  villas,  the  Vatican 565-567,  576 

Compare  St.  Peter's  cathedral  with  other  churches 571-572 

By  what  name  is  the  Pantheon  now  known?  Describe  it  briefly. 

To  what  fact  is  the  preservation  of  the  Pantheon  due? . .  566,  554 
What  cities  does  the  Appian  way  connect?  Where  are  the 

most  celebrated  catacombs  found? 800,  781 

125 


What    is    the    Corso?    The    Porta    Maggiore?    The    Quirinal? 

Capitoline  hill? 805-837 

For  what  is  the  city  of  Naples  noted?     What  does  its  name  mean? 

Where  and  what  is  Miseno? 548,  830,  544 

Why  are  Capri  and  Pompeii  interesting?     Carrara? ....  523,  558,  806 

Give  a  brief  description  of  Milan 543-544 

Describe  the  situation  of  Genoa.  Why  is  its  architecture  celebrated?     532 
In  what  respects  does  Florence  excel  most  otlier  cities  of  Europe? 

Give  an  account  of  the  Ponte  Vecchio 531,  835 

Upon  what  foundation  is  Venice  built?     Tell  something  of  the 

palace   of   the   doges.     Locate   the   bridge   of   sighs 576 

What  is  a  campanile?     Give  the  history  of  the  campanile  of  St. 

Mark.    Of  the  basilica  of  St.  Mark 576,  521,  828 

Locate  Pisa.     How  old  is  the  city?     Describe  the  leaning  tower.558,  521 

What  is  the  Riviera? 565 

By  what  strait  is  Sicily  separated  from  Italy?     When  was  this 

region  devastated  by  an  earthquake? 538,  788 

Describe  Mt.   Etna,   mentioning  its   height,   its   circumference, 

the  life  upon  its  slopes,  and  its  most  disastrous  eruptions. .     530 
Describe  the  coast  of  Norway.  What  mountains  separate  Norway 

from  Sweden?     Name  the  plants  of  the  mountain  districts . .     550 
Describe  the  surface  of  Norway.     Name  the  chief  industries  of 

the  Norwegian  people.     Mention  three  cities  of  Norway . . .     550 
Into  what  three  regions  is  Sweden  divided?    Describe  the  surface. 

The  climate.     The  domestic  animals 573 

What  portion  of  Sweden  is  cultivated?     With  what  countries 

does  Sweden  carry  on  most  of  its  trade? 573 

Describe  Stockholm.     Of  what  does  its  commerce  consist? 571 

Give  the  area  of  Russia.    Describe  the  climate,  the  soil,  and  the 

surface  of  European  Russia 567-568 

Locate  the  Valdai  hills.    Where  does  the  Volga  river  rise? 568, 577 

How  does  Russia  rank  with  other  countries  in  extent,  power, 

and  population?     With  what  countries  is  most  of  the  com- 
merce carried  on? 567-568 

Describe  Petrograd— the  river,  the  quay,  the  bridges,  the  fortress. 

At  what  times  is  the  city  inundated? 572 

Name  five  public  buildings  of  Petrograd.    Tell  something  of  St. 

Isaac's  cathedral.        Nevskii  Prospekt?        Tsarskoe  Selo? 

Cronstadt? 572.831-844,527 

How  far  from  Petrograd  is  Moscow?    What  part  of  Moscow  does 

the  Kremlin  occupy?     Describe  the  great  bell 547,  824,  777 

Where  is  Warsaw?     How  is  it  connected  with  Praga? 577-578 

What  brought  Russia  into  the  World  War? 181 

126 


What  independent  governments  were  set  up  in  former  Russian 

territory  after  the  soviet  revolution  in  1917? 567 

What  was  the  estimated  area  and  population  of  soviet  Russia 

in  1920? 567 

Of  what  is  Turkey  in  Europe  composed?    Describe  the  surface. 

What  is  the  climate? 575-576 

Name  some  attractions  of  Constantinople.  Give  its  Turkish  name. 

Of  what  are  the  houses  built?    Name  two  great  buildings. 

What  is  the  golden  gate?    The  sublime  porte? 526,  817,  842 

Mention  three  divisions  of  Greece.     Describe  the  shores  and  the 

surface.     Mention  six  plants  cultivated  there 536 

Mention  the  remains  of  anuent  buildings  in  Athens 515-516 

Name  the  capitals  of  Greece,  Turkey,  Norway,  and  Sweden. . . .  604-605 
What  city  is  the  greatest  commercial  port  on  the  continent  of 

Europe?     What  European  country  exports  large  quantities 

of  vegetable  seeds? 536,  548 

Name  the  longest  river  in  Europe.   The  highest  mountain 564,  547 

ASIA 

Give  the  location  and  dimensions  of  Asia.     Wliat  proportion  of 

the  land  surface  of  the  globe  does  it  occupy? 515 

State  the  total  population  of  Asia.     What  proportion  of  the 

earth's  inhabitants  does  it  include? 515 

Name  'ten  great  rivers  of  Asia.  Which  is  longest?  What  four 
world  rivers  exceed  all  those  of  Asia?  Name  the  chief  Asian 
fresh-water  lakes 515,  564-565 

Where  are  the  Himalaya  mountains?  How  high  upon  the 
Himalayas  is  vegetation  found?  The  highest  human  habi- 
tation? Name  three  important  peaks 536-537 

Give  the  area  of  Siberia.     Of  what  commercial  value  are  the 

river  systems?    What  is  the  soil  of  southern  Siberia? 567-568 

Of  what  did  Turkey  in  Asia  consist  prior  to  the  World  War? 576 

Give  a  brief  description  of  the  Euphrates  river.    What  is  the 

origin  of  its  name?     Why  is  the  Tigris  so  called? 531,  814,  844 

Where  is  Palestine?    To  what  empire  does  it  now  belong?    Name 

the  principal  cities  of  Palestine.   Describe  Jerusalem 552,  539 

Where  is  the  Dead  sea?    Are  its  waters  salt  or  fresh?    Give  the 

level  of  its  surface.     What  noted  river  empties  into  it?  ...  528,  539 

WThere  is  Mount  Carmel?    What  does  its  name  mean?    Locate 

the  land  of  Canaan 523,  805 

For  what  is  Mecca  celebrated?    Give  facts  about  Medina 542-543 

With  what  countries  and  in  what  way  is  most  of  the  commerce 

of  Persia  carried  on?     Name  a  most  important  staple 555 

Give  the  boundaries  of  India.   Name  five  cities 537 

127 


What  are  the  Hindu  beliefs  in  regard  to  the  Ganges? 632 

For  what  is  Calcutta  chiefly  noted?  How  does  it  compare  with 

capitals  of  Europe? 521 

Give  a  short  description  of  Rangoon 562 

Give  a  brief  description  of  the  Taj  Mahal.  In  what  country 

is  it?    By  whom  was  it  built?    Tell  something  of  Shah 

Jehan 574,  843,  487 

Where  and  what  is  Mandalay?  The  Punjab?  Golconda?  Give 

the  origin  of  Bombay,  Calcutta,  and  Ganges 803-836 

Locate  Ceylon.  To  what  country  does  it  belong?  Name  five 

native  animals.  Five  food  plants 524 

Of  what  kingdom  is  Bangkok  the  capital?  Describe  the  walls 

of    Bangkok.     The   native    houses.    How   is    the    internal 

traffic  of  the  city  carried  on? 517-518 

What  is  Singapore?  Give  the  meaning  of  the  name 841 

How  does  the  area  of  China  compare  with  that  of  the  whole  of 

Asia?    What  are  the  four  divisions  of  the  Chinese  republic? 

State  its'jpopulation 525 

Give  the  location  of  the  Yellow  sea,  and  tell  why  it  is  so  named . .  580 
Give  the  boundaries  of  China  proper.  Name  the  four  principal 

rivers.  Describe  the  Yang-tse-kiang 525,  580 

Where  is  the  great  wall  of  China?  The  grand  canal? 817,  525 

What  is  the  climate  of  China?  What  are  the  principal  agricultural 

products?  The  principal  manufactures? 525 

How  is  trade  carried  on  by  China  with  Russia?  With  Europe 

and  America? 525 

Where  and  what  is  Port  Arthur? 559 

Name  five  cities  of  China.  Designate  the  capital 525 

Describe  the  construction  of  Peking.  What  is  its  population? .  555-556 
By  what  two  classes  is  Canton  inhabited?  How  are  they 

separated?  Give  some  facts  about  the  streets 522 

What  are  the  characteristic  features  of  Shanghai?  Why  is  it 

an  important  city? 569 

Where  and  what  is  Hong-Kong?  For  what  is  it  notable? 537 

Name  the  four  principal  islands  of  Japan.  What  name  have 

the  Japanese  given  to  their  empire? 539 

Give  the  dimensions  of  Nippon.  Describe  the  coasts,  the  surface, 

and  the  climate  of  Japan.    Why  is  the  plant  life  varied? 

Name  some  products  of  the  north.  The  south 539 

What  agricultural  product  is  the  chief  food  article  of  Japan?. . .  539 

What  are  the  chief  metals  found  in  Japan? 539 

Name  five  principal  cities  of  Japan.  Describe  Tokyo.  What 

is  the  Asakasa  pagoda? 539,  575,  800 

128 


Where  is  Osaka?    Tell  something  of  the  castle  of  Osaka 551 

Describe  Yokohama.    Name  the  principal  exports  and  imports.    581 
What  can  you  say  of  the  volcanic  and  earthquake  destruction 

of  the  cities  of  Japan?    What  and  where  is  Fuji-yama?. .  .  539,  816 

AFRICA 

At  what  point  is  the  distance  between  Europe  and  Africa  least? 

How  is  Africa  united  to  Asia? 507 

Why  is  the  Red  sea  remarkable?  Give  origin  of  its  name 563,  837 

By  what  sea  is  the  northern  coast  of  Africa  washed? 507 

Name  in  order  of  size  the  four  great  rivers  of  Africa 564-565,  581 

Briefly  describe  the  Nile.  What  is  its  total  length? 549-550,  831 

Where  is  the  Zambezi  river?  State  the  area  of  its  basin.  Where 

are  the  Victoria  falls?    What  American  waterfall  is  rivaled 

by  the  Victoria  falls? 847, 581 

Locate^  Lake  Victoria  Nyanza.  Albert  Nyanza 576-577 

What  is  the  approximate  area  of  Africa?  Its  population? 507 

Describe  the  vegetation  of  Africa.  Name  two  animals  peculiar 

to  Africa.  Give  an  account  of  the  races  found  in  Africa. . . .  507 
Name  two  independent  governments  existing  in  Africa.  By 

what  European  countries  is  most  of  Africa  dominated? 507-508 

Where  is  Morocco?  How  does  the  climate  east  of  the  Atlas 

mountains  differ  from  that  on  the  west? 546 

Of  what  country  is  Algiers  the  capital?  Why  is  it  called  the 

silver  city?  At  what  season  is  it  a  resort  for  English  people?  508 
Name  three  physical  divisions  of  .Egypt.  Which  is  chiefly 

cultivated?  Give  a  reason  for  the  fertility  of  the  delta 530 

Describe  the  climate  of  Egypt.  Mention  three  native  trees. 

Three  mineral  deposits 530 

Where  is  Cairo?  State  the  nationalities  of  its  residents 521 

Where  are  the  pyramids?  Describe  them.  By  whom  and  for 

what  purpose  were  they  built?  Where  is  Ghizeh? 561,  521 

Describe  the  Suez  canal.  What  waters  does  it  connect?  Name 

its  terminal  cities 573 

How  much  is  the  voyage  from  Europe  to  India  shortened  by  the 

Suez  canal?  Is  the  canal  closed  in  time  of  war? 573 

Of  what  two  provinces  is  southern  Rhodesia  composed?  What 

territory  is  included  in  northern  Rhodesia?    For  whom  is 

Rhodesia  named?  What  is  the  area  of  the  gold  fields? 563-564 

What  provinces  form  the  Union  of  South  Africa?  In  general, 

what  is  the  surface  of  the  region?  Its  climate? 570 

Locate  the  province  of  Cape  of  Good  Hope.  What  is  its  most 

valuable  mineral?    Name  the  chief  exports 522 

129 


Where  are  the  gold  coast,  Pompey's  pillar,  the  pillars  of  Hercules? 

For  whom  were  Pietermaritzburg  and  Pretoria  named?. 817-836 

GENERAL   QUESTIONS 

When  it  is  12  o'clock  noon  according  to  eastern  time  in  the 
United  States,  what  time  is  it  according  to  central  time? 
Mountain  time?  Pacific  time? 850 

When  it  is  12  o'clock  noon  according  to  eastern  time  in  the 
United  States,  what  time  is  it  at  London?  At  Berlin? 
At  St.  Petersburg? 850 

Name  the  five  longest  rivers  in  the  world,  and  arrange  them  in 

the  order  of  their  size 564-565 

What  is  the  travel  distance  by  steamer  from  San  Francisco  to      '• 
Manila?     New  York  to  Suez?     Montreal  to  Liverpool?. .  .864-865 

Name  in  order  of  size  the  ten  largest  cities  in  the  U.  S 582 

What  places  were  destroyed  by  the  three  most  disastrous  earth- 
quakes of  the  18th  century?    Name  five  of  the  most  destruc- 
tive earthquakes  of  the  19th  century.    One  of  the  20th. .  .786-788 

Where  is  silver  most  abundant?  ~  Compare  the  silver  mines  of 

America  with  those  of  Europe  and  Asia 765 

How  many  miles  would  one  travel  by  steamship  in  going  from 
Liverpool  to  Cape  Town?  Boston  to  Bermuda?  New  York 
to  Havre? 864-865 

What  country  produces  more  wool  than  any  other  country  in 

the  world?    Potatoes?    Beet  sugar?    Corn?     Rice? 680 

Compare  the  production  of  rye  in  the  United  States  with  that 

of  Russia 680 

How  does  the  production  of  wheat  in  the  United  States  compare 

with  that  of  Russia?    British  India?    France?    Canada?...     680 

Name  the  five  largest  lakes  in  the  world.    Which  of  the  great  lakes  of 

the  world  is  the  highest  above  sea-level?  Which  is  the  deepest?    539 

State  the  travel  distance  by  steamship  from  San  Francisco  to 
Honolulu.  New  York  to  Liverpool.  London  to  Mel- 
bourne. New  York  to  Rio  de  Janeiro 864-865 

Which  is  the  longest  ship  canal  in  the  world?    In  Europe? 654 

Name  the  largest  island  in  the  world.     The  highest  mountain. 

The  longest  river 516,  547,  564 

What  is  the  travel  distance  from  Quebec  to  Vancouver?    Toronto 

to  Muskoka?    Boston  to  Halifax?    Montreal  to  Winnipeg? ..     866 

Name  the  highest  volcano  in  the  world.     Mention  three  volcanoes 
of  South  America.    Three  of  North  America.    Where  is  Mauna 
Loa?      Teneriffe?      Stromboli?    Elbruz?    Kilima-Njaro? 
Kilauea? 577 

130 


GOVERNMENT— General 

What  country  governs  the  largest  number  of  people?    Which 

controls  the  greatest  area? 604-605 

Give  the  titles  of  the  rulers  of  the  United  Kingdom,  France,  Egypt, 

Persia,  Turkey,  China 605 

In  whom  is  the  executive  power  of  the  British  empire  vested? 

What  body  exercises  complete  legislative  power? 590 

Name  the  two  houses  of  the  British  parliament.  How  long  does  a 

parliament  last?  How  often  do  its  members  meet? 590 

How  do  the  members  of  the  British  house  of  lords  acquire  their 

office?  How  many  members  are  there? 590 

How  many  members  constitute  the  British  house  of  commons? 

How  are  they  chosen? 590 

State  some  changes  made  in  the  British  constitution  in  1911 ...  590 

Of  what  officers  does  the  cabinet  of  Great  Britain  consist? 590 

Outline  the  local  government  of  Scotland 622 

What  is  the  constitutional  relation  of  the  Irish  Free  State  to  the 

British  empire? 606 

Name  three  classes  of  colonies  belonging  to  the  British  empire. 

Explain  how  their  forms  of  government  differ 590 

Mention  a  British  crown  colony  in  Asia.  In  Africa.  In  Europe.  534 
Name  two  British  possessions  which  have  representative  govern- 
ment. Two  having  responsible  government 534 

How  is  Gibraltar  governed?  New  Zealand? 534,  590,  614 

Name  the  chief  executive  of  Canada 534,  591 

Name  the  houses  of  the  Canadian  parliament.  What  are  the 

salaries  of  the  members? 591 

Give  three  qualifications  required  of  the  Canadian  senator.  What 

is  his  term  of  office? ; 591 

By  whom  is  the  governor-general  of  Canada  appointed?  State 

his  term'of  office  and  salary.  The  premier's  salary 591-592 

Name  the  heads  of  departments  by  whom  the  governor-general 

of  Canada  is  assisted 591-592 

Outline  the  local  government  throughout  the  Dominion  of  Canada. 

On  what  models  are  the  courts  based? 592 

Which  British  cabinet  officer  has  charge  of  the  administration 

of  the  affairs  of  India?    How  long  does  the  viceroy  hold 

office?  What  salary  does  he  receive? 606 

Give  in  full  the  official  title  of  the  ruler  of  the  British 

empire 590 

131 


What  important  positions  under  the  British  government  have 
been  held  by  the  following:  Sir  Robert  Peel,  Disraeli,  Glad- 
stone, Marquis  of  Salisbury,  Earl  of  Rosebery,  A.  J.  Balfour, 
Sir  Henry  Campbell-Bannerman,  H.  H.  Asquith? 400-485 

For  what  service  in  the  government  of  Great  Britain  is  John 
Morley  noted?  Joseph  Chamberlain?  James  Bryce?  David 
Lloyd-George?  Cecil  Arthur  Spring-Rice? 412-490 

With  what  country  is  the  name  of  Edmund  Burke  associated? 

Daniel  O'Connell?    John  Dillon? 413-472 

When  was  the  Constitution  of  the  Republic  of  Germany  adopted? 

What  are  its  principal  provisions? 602 

Name  the  two  legislative  bodies  of  Germany.    Of  how  many 

members  does  each  consist? 602 

On  what  date  was  Austria  proclaimed  a  republic? 589 

How  are  the  members  of  the  Austrian  Parliament  chosen? 589 

What  form  of  government  has  been  adopted  in  Hungary  since  the 

close  of  the  World  War? 603 

What  departments  of  government  does  the  ministry  of  Hungary 

include? 603 

What  kind  of  monarchy  existed  in  Russia  previous  to  1917? 

What  form  of  government  was  first  substituted  for  it? 621 

When  was  the  Russian  duma  created?    State  the  term  of  office 

and  the  salary  of  the  members 62 1 

Compare  the  Russian  council  of  the  empire  with  the  duma.     Could 

either  body  pass  a  measure  rejected  by  the  emperor? 621 

What  was  the  ruling  senate  of  Russia?    The  holy  synod? 622 

What  was  an  avowed  object  of  the  revolution  of  1917? 622 

What  is  the  soviet  government?  How  did  this  form  of  govern- 
ment affect  the  ownership  of  land,  factories,  and  railroads? . .  622 

Name  the  divisions  of  the  legislature  of  France.    Who  elects  the 

president  of  France?    What  is  his  salary? 602 

State  the  number  of  members  in  the  senate  of  Italy.  How  long 
do  they  serve?  What  power  has  the  king  over  the  chamber 
of  deputies?  What  compensation  do  legislators  receive?. . . .  607 

Describe  the  body  known  in  Spain  as  the  cortes.     In  what  year 

did  Spain  make  military  service  compulsory? 623 

What  form   of   government   does   Portugal   now   have?     How 

often  may  the  constitution  be  revised? 617 

Why  is  Belgium  called  a  neutral  power?    How  is  failure  to  vote 

treated?    How  many  votes  may  one  person  cast? 589 

State  the  property  qualification  for  membership  in  the  upper 

house  of  the  states  general  of  the  Netherlands 612 

What  form  of  government  was  proclaimed  for  Bulgaria  in  1908?    590 


What  is  the  Norwegian  storthing?  How  may  the  king's  veto 

be  overridden? 615 

In  what  matters  has  the  king  of  Sweden  legislative  power? 

Who  may  impose  taxes? 632 

Give  an  outline  of  the  manner  in  which  Denmark  is  governed .     601 

By  the  constitution  of  1864  who  controlled  the  legislative  power 

of  Greece?  What  change  was  made  in  1911? 603 

Of  how  many  cantons  is  Switzerland  composed?  What  powers 
have  the  Swiss  people  under  the  "initiative"?  What  official 
serves  as  chief  executive  of  Switzerland? 632 

By  what  code  are  the  powers  of  the  sultan  of  Turkey  restricted? 

What  authority  has  the  grand  vizier? 632 

What  body  possesses  the  executive  power  in  Rumania?  What 

are  the  qualifications  for  Senators  and  Deputies? 621 

What  form  of  government  have  the  Czecho-Slovaks? 528,  604 

What  form  of  government  has  the  Serb,  Croat,  and  Slovene  State?      622 

Where  is  Monaco?    How  is  it  governed? 611 

Name  the  form  of  government  in  China.  When  was  it  established? 

What  officers  are  included  in  the  cabinet? 593 

What  is  the  standard  of  currency  in  China?  The  German 

republic?  Japan? 604 

By  what  instrument  are  the  powers  of  the  ruler  of  Japan  modified? 
How  many  legislative  houses  has  Japan?  Of  whom  is 
the  house  of  peers  composed? 607 

What  is  the  relation  of  Korea  to  Japan? 599 

In  what  year  was  the  first  national  council  established  in  Persia? 

What  powers  has  it? 617 

How  is  Afghanistan  divided  politically?  Describe  the  govern- 
ment of  the  provinces.  Give  the  title  of  the  ruler 585 

Name  some  provisions  of  the  treaty  confirmed  in  1905  between 

Afghanistan  and  Great  Britain 585 

Give  the  population  of  Siam.  How  is  it  governed?  When 
does  the  legislative  council  meet? 604,  623 

Name  two  European  countries  controlling  more  than  half  of 

Africa.  By  what  country  is  Egypt  governed?  Tripoli? 508 

How  does  the  power  of  the  ruler  of  Morocco  differ  from  that  of 
the  sultan  of  Turkey?  Name  the  ministers.  When  are 
they  consulted? 611-612 

What  form  of  government  has  Liberia?  By  whom  is  it  peopled? 

After  what  is  its  constitution  modeled? , 608 

Into  how  many  states  is  Mexico  divided?  Oi  whom  is  the  congress 
composed?  Who  may  vote  for  legislators?  How  is  a  vacancy 
in  the  office  of  president  to  be  filled? 609 

133 


When  was  the  republic  of  Panama  constituted?    For  how  long  a 

term  is  the  president  elected? 616 

Upon  what  conditions  was  the  government  of  Cuba  transferred 

from  the  United  States  to  the  Cuban  people? 599 

How  many  coaling  stations  does  the  United  States  maintain 

in  Cuba?    At  what  annual  cost? 599 

How  is  Hayti  governed? 603 

Where  is  Santo  Domingo?    What  relation  has  its  government 

to  that  of  the  United  States? 601 

What  form  of  government  has  Colombia?     What  provision  is 

made  for  vacancy  in  the  office  of  ruler? 593 

Who  may  vote  in  Bolivia?     In  Chile?     In  Ecuador? 589-601 

How  and  on  what  date  is  the  president  of  Chile  elected? 592 

What   is   the   government   of   Brazil?     How   are   the   senators 

elected? 589-590 

For  how  long  is  the  president  of  Argentina  elected? 585 

What  are  the  qualifications  for  the  office  of  president  of  Vene- 
zuela? Can  he  succeed  himself? 641 

How  long  has  Peru  been  a  republic?  Give  details  of  its  govern- 
ment. How  many  vice-presidents  has  it?  State  their  salary.  617 

How  many  central  American  states  are  there?     Name  them. 

How  are  they  governed? Map,  539a,  604-605 

Of  whom  does  the  permanent  court  of  arbitration  at  the  Hague 

consist?   What  cases  are  referred  to  the  Hague  tribunal?. . . .     603 

State  the  size  of  the  United  States  army  on  April  1,  1917.  To 
about  what  number  did  it  increase  during  the  first  year  of  the 
war  against  Germany?  What  three  main  divisions  were  con- 
solidated to  form  the  United  States  army? 775 

Of  how  many  officers  and  men  does  a  regiment  consist?     A  rifle 

company?     An  infantry  division? 775 

State  the  number  of  national  army  cantonments  established  during 
the  first  year  of  the  war  with  Germany.  The  number  of 
national  guard  camps 776 

How  many  men  joined  the  United  States  navy  during  the  first 
year  of  war  with  Germany?  What  remarkable  naval  appro- 
priations were  made?  Compare  with  earlier  appropriations.  776 

Name  the  departments  of  the  United  States  navy.    Locate  the 

navy  yards  and  naval  stations 776 

What  officer  in  the  navy  corresponds  in  rank  to  a  general  ;n  the 

army?    To  a  colonel?    To  a  captain? 776 

For  how  long  a  term  is  the  president  of  France  elected?    Of 

Argentina?    Of  Chile?    Of  Switzerland? 585-632 

Give  the  form  of  government  of  Bolivia,  Japan,  Persia 589-617 

134 


CIVICS 

On  what  is  the  government  of  the  United  States  based? 632 

Name  six  objects  of  the  constitution  of  the  United  States...     594 
How  many  amendments  to  the  constitution  have  been  made? 

What  persons  are  citizens  according  to  the  14th  amendment? 

What  is  the  15th  amendment? 597-599 

By  what  name  is  the  16th  amendment  to  the  constitution  known?    599 
Name  three  departments  of  the  government  of  the  United  States.    633 

Of  what  does  the  legislative  department  consist? 633 

How  many  senators  are  elected  from  each  state?    Of  how  many 

members  is  the  United  States  senate  composed? 633,  624 

By  whom  are  United  States  senators  elected?    Which  amendment 

to  the  constitution  provides  for  their  election? 633,  599 

State  the  term  of  office  of  a  United  States  senator.  His  salary.  Who 

is  eligible  to  this  office?  Who  acts  as  president  of  the  senate?    633 
Who  presides  over  the  senate  when  it  sits  as  a  court  of  impeach- 
ment for  the  trial  of  the  president  of  the  United  States? . . .     635 
What  provision  is  made  in  the  14th  amendment  for  the  apportion- 
ment of  representatives?      How  many  members  constitute 

-   the  present  house  of  representatives? 598,  633 

By  whom  and  for  how  long  a  term  is  a  member  of  the  house  of 

representatives  elected?    Name  three  qualifications 633 

State   the   powers   of   the   house   of   representatives.    Compare 

with'  the  powers  of  the  senate 634,  633 

What  is  the  salary  of  a  member  of  the  house  of  representatives? 

Of  the  speaker? 634 

What  is  the  congress  of  the  United  States?    What  is  the  term 

of  each  congress?    Name  its  general  legislative  powers 634 

On  what  date  does  the  regular  annual  session  of  congress  begin? 

Who  has  the  power  of  calling  special  sessions? 634 

Who  is  the  chief  executive  of  the  United  States? 633 

How  old  must  the  candidate  for  president  be?    How  long  a 

resident  of  the  United  States?  Mention  a  third  qualification.  634 
When  are  state  presidential  electors  chosen?  To  how  many 

electors  is  each  state  entitled? 634,  633 

When  and  where  do  the  state  electors  meet  to  vote  for  president? 

To  whom  must  they  submit  certificates  for  their  vote? . .  634 
When  and  by  whom  are  the  votes  of  the  state  electors  counted?  634 
In  case  there  is  no  choice  by  the  state  electors,  by  whom  and 

how  is  the  president  of  the  United  States  then  elected?. . .     634 

130 


What  is  the  term  of  office  of  the  president?    What  is  his  salary?    634 

Name  the  powers  and  duties  of  the  president 634 

When  do  acts  of  congress  become  laws?    How  many  days  are 

allowed  the  president  in  which  to  sign  or  veto  any  act?     Can 

an  act  become  a  law  after  being  vetoed  by  the  president? . .     635 
How  is  the  vice-president  of  the  United  States  elected?    In  case 

there  is  no  choice  by  the  state  electors,  by  whom  and  how 

is  the  vice-president  chosen? *. 634 

In  case  of  death  or  removal  from  office  of  both  president  and 

vice-president,  who  would  become  president? 634-635 

Name  the  ten  divisions  of  the  executive  department  of  the  govern- 
ment.   How  are  the  cabinet  officers  chosen? 635 

In  what  bodies  is  the  judicial  power  of  the  United  States  vested?    633 
By  whom   are  justices  of   the   United   States   courts   chosen? 

For  how  long  a  term? '. 635 

Of  how  many  members  is  the  United  States  supreme  court  com- 
posed?   State  their  salaries 635 

When  does  the  supreme  court  convene?     In  what  cases  does  it 

have  original  jurisdiction?    Appellate  jurisdiction? 635 

Name  the  chief -justice  and  the  associate  judges  who  constitute 

the  supreme  court.      Who  was  the  first  chief -justice? 640 

Name  five  kinds  of  inferior  courts  of  the  United  States.     In 

,  what  cases  do  these  inferior  courts  have  jurisdiction?. .  .635-636 
When  and  for  what  purpose  were  the  United  States  circuit  courts 

of  appeals  organized?    Of  whom  is  each  composed? 635 

How  many  judicial  districts  of  the  United  States  district  courts 

are  there? 635 

What  is  the  jurisdiction  of  the  court  of  claims?    The  court  of 

customs  appeals?  The  territorial  courts? 636 

Outline  the  duties  of  the  secretary  of  state.    Of  the  secretary 

of  the  treasury 636 

What  matters  are  in  charge  of  the  secretary  of  war?    Name  an 

institution  under  his  supervision 637 

Of  what  department  is  the  attorney-general  the  head? 637-638 

In  what  year  was  the  postmaster-general  first  considered  a  cabinet 

officer?    State  his  duties 639,  638 

What  matters  are  under  the  supervision  of  the  department  of 

the  interior?    When  was  this  department  created? 638 

Explain  the  nature  of  the  business  under  the  supervision  of  the 

secretary  of  agriculture.     Of  commerce.     Of  labor 639-640 

Name  the  present  cabinet  officers 636-640 

When  was  the  parcel  post  system  provided  for   by    congress? 

Who  was  postmaster-general  at  that  time? ,848,  639 

.    136 


What  cabinet  positions  were  held  by  the  following:  George 
Bancroft,  Jefferson  Davis,  U.  S.  Grant,  Carl  Schurz,  Daniel 
Webster?  For  what  was  each  distinguished? 636-639,  403-499 

Who  is  the  present  speaker  of  the  house  of  representatives? 

How  long  was  Joseph  G.  Cannon  speaker? 640,  415 

Who  is  commander-in-chief  of  the  army  and  the  navy? 634 

Name  three  men  each  of  whom  has  on  three  occasions  been  a 
candidate  for  the  presidency  of  the  United  States.  State 
the  political  parties  represented  by  them 618-620 

Which  president  received  the  largest  popular  vote?  The  largest 

electoral  vote? 618-620 

Compare  the  popular  vote  of  the  following  candidates  for  presi- 
dent in  1912:  Woodrow  Wilson,,  Wm.  H.  Taft,  Theodore 
Roosevelt.  For  Woodrow.Wilson  and  Chas.  E.  Hughes  in  1916.  620 

Name  in  order  the  three  states  having  the  largest  number  of 
electoral  votes.  How  many  has  your  state?  What  is  its 
voting  population? 626-631 

What  is  the  voting  population  of  the  state  of  New  York? 628-629 

Compare  the  voting  population  of  California  with  that  of  Missouri. 

Of  Florida  with  that  of  Georgia 626-629 

What  previous  residence  is  required  in  your  state,  county, 

town,  and  precinct  in  order  to  be  eligible  to  vote? 626-631 

What  are  the  requirements  as  to  citizenship  of  voters  in  your 

state?  What  persons  are  not  allowed  to  vote  in  your  state? .  626-631 

Which  state  first  granted  suffrage  to  women? 180 

Mention  two  states  in  which  the  voter  must  be  able  to  read. 626-631 

Give  the  salary  of  your  governor.     His  term  of  office 626-631 

The  governor  of  which  state  receives  the  largest  salary?  Which 

has  the  shortest  term  of  office? 626-631 

How  many  years  immediately  preceding  the  election  must  a 
candidate  for  governor  of  Massachusetts  have  resided  in 

the  state?    Of  New  York? 609,  613-614 

Mention  three  states  in  which  the  governor  is  not  eligible  for 

election  for  the  next  succeeding  term 610,  613,  616 

How  often  does  the  legislature  of  your  state  meet  in  regular 

session?    What  is  the  term  of  office  of  the  members? 626-631 

Is  there  a  limit  to  the  length  of  the  regular  session  of  the  legisla- 
ture in  your  state?  If  so,  what? • 626-631 

For  how  long  a  term  are  state  senators  elected  in  your  state? 
Members  of  the  lower  house  of  the  legislature?  What  sala- 
ries do  they  receive? 626-631 

By  what  name  is  the  legislature  of  Colorado  known?  Louisiana? 

Massachusetts? 593,  608,  609 

137 


What  is  the  age  qualification  for  a  member  of  the  New  York  legis- 
lature?   Of  South  Dakota? 614,  623 

In  what  year  did  Oregon  adopt  the  initiative  and  referendum? 

Explain  what  these  terms  mean 616 

In  what  year  was  the  initiative  and  referendum  adopted  by 

Arkansas?     By  California'? 585,  591 

State  some  changes  made  in  the  constitutions  of  the  following 

states  in  1912:  Nebraska,  Nevada,  Ohio,  Washington 612-642 

What  public  officials  are  subject  to  recall  in  Arizona?     Cali- 
fornia?    Colorado? 585-593 

What  officials  are  not  subject  to  recall  in  Washington?  Idaho? .  .  642,  603 
In  what  respects  is  the  constitution  of  Oklahoma  notable?...     615 
How  may  the  constitution  of  California  be  amended?     Of  Pennsyl- 
vania?   Of  Tennessee? 591,  616,  632 

By  whom  are  the  laws  for  the  District  of  Columbia  made?      How 

do  the  officials  obtain  their  offices? 601 

On  what  date  was  full  suffrage  extended  to  women? 180 

For  how  long  a  term  and  by  whom  are  territorial  governors 
appointed?     How   many    delegates    to    congress    has    each 

territory?    Do  the  delegates  have  the  right  to  vote? 633 

What  city  is  the  seat  of  government  in  Alaska?. . 508 

Does  Hawaii  have  a  legislature? 633 

Explain  how  a  territory  becomes  a  state 633 

Do  untaxed  Indians  have  the  right  to  vote? 633,  626-631 

Who  has  authority  to  declare  war?     To  grant  pardons  for  offenses 

against  the  United  States?    To  establish  post  offices? 634 

Name  three  cabinet  members  who  cannot  succeed  to  the  presi- 
dency in  case  of  vacancy.     Give  the  reason 634-635 

Where  must  a  crime  against  the  United  States  be  tried? 635 

By  whom  was  the  date  of  inauguration  day  fixed? 794 

What  is  the  unit  of  local  government  in  New  England?     In 

the  South?    In  the  western  states? 633 

For  what  is  each  of  the  following  names  well  known:  John 
Barrett,  David  J.  Brewer,  William  Jennings  Bryan,  Joseph 
H.  Choate,  John  Watson  Foster,  John  Hay,  Philander  C. 
Knpx,  Whitelaw  Reid,  Elihu  Root,  Andrew  D.  White?.  .403-501 
State  one  distinguishing  fact  about  each  of  these:  Augustus 
Octavius  Bacon,  Champ  Clark,  Henry  Cabot  Lodge,  Sereno 

E.   Payne,   Thomas  B.   Reed,  Oscar  W.  Underwood 402-496 

Tell  something  of  each  of  the  following:  Albert  J.  Beveridge, 
Joseph  W.  Folk,  Herbert  Hoover,  Charles  E.  Hughes,  Hiram 
W.  Johnson,  Martin  Augustine  Knapp,  Thomas  R.  Marshall, 

Benjamin  R.  Tillman 406-494 

138 


INDUSTRY— INVENTION— COMMERCE 

What  are  the  kinds  of  artificial  gas? 661 

When  was  coal  gas  first  produced? 661 

What  American  city  was  the  first  to  be  lighted  by  artificial  gas? . .     661 

How  is  water  gas  produced?    Oil  gas?    Air  gas? 662 

Name  in  the  order  of  their  rank  the  four  largest  steel-producing 

countries  of  the  world 673 

Is  iron  found  in  a  pure  state?     Name  three  iron  ores 672,  673 

What  is  cast  iron?     Pig  iron?     Which  of  the  United  States  pro- 
duces the  most  pig  iron?     Which  country  of  the  world? 673 

Explain  two  processes  of  making  steel  from  cast  iron.     When  and 

by  whom  was  each  process  invented? 673,  668,  670 

State  the  eff ect  of  the  introduction  of  the  Bessemer  process  upon 

the  iron  and  steel  trade.     When  was  this  process  introduced 

into  the  United  States  by  Andrew  Carnegie? 406,  416 

Name  the  country  producing  the  most  steel.     What  is  the  value 

of  the  iron  and  steel  exported  by  the  United  States? 673,  662 

Name  the  inventor  of  the  open-hearth  steel  process.     Of  nickel 

steel 671,  672 

How  does  malleable  iron  differ  from  steel?    What  are  the  proper- 

-.    ties  of  malleable  iron? 672-673 

Give  the  meaning  of  the  term  cutlery.     From  what  metal  are 

razors  made?     How  are  they  tempered?     How  hardened?.  .     BfiO 

Give  the  forest  area  of  the  United  States 660 

How  does  the  present  rate  of  timber  consumption  compare  with 

the  annual  growth  of  new  timber  in  the  forests? 660 

Name  and  locate  five  of  the  largest  National  forests 661 

Name  the  most  valuable  export  of  the  United  States.     The  most 

valuable  import 662-663 

Describe  the  cotton  plant.     In  what  latitudes  does  it  thrive? 

Mention  three  species,  and  tell  in  what  countries  each  grows.658-659 
Distinguish  two  varieties  of  cotton  cultivated  in  the  United  States. 

Which  forms  the  bulk  of  American  cotton? 659 

When  was  sea  island  cotton  introduced  into  the  United  States? 

From  what  place?     In  what  two  states  is  it  cultivated? . .     659 
During  what  months  is  the  cotton  crop  of  the  United  States 

harvested?    Name  two  uses  of  cotton  seeds 659 

Give  the  steps  in  the  manufacture  of  cotton  yarn 659 

Give  some  facts  about  Richard  Arkwright,  Edmund  Cartwright, 

Samuel  Crompton,  J.  M.  Jacquard,  Eli  Whitney 399-501 

139 


By  whom  and  when  was  the  spinning- jenny  invented?  The 
water  frame?  The  mule  spinner?  The  power  loom?  The 
cotton  gin?  The  round  bale  cotton  press? 659,  668-672 

How  does  the  United  States  rank  as  a  wool  producing  country? 

Which  is  greater — its  export  of  wool  or  its  import?. .  .680,  662-663 

Of  what  does  coal  mainly  consist?     How  was  it  formed?  Mention 

three  varieties  of  coal  in  common  use.     What  is  lignite?. .  . .      655 

Give  the  area  of  the  coal  fields  of  the  United  States.     Of  China 

and  Japan 655 

How  many  of  the  United  States  produce  anthracite  coal?  Bitumi- 
nous coal? 655-656 

State  the  approximate  value  of  the  annual  coal  export  of  the 

United  States 662 

How   is   coke   obtained?    Coal   tar?     Mention   seven   coal-tar 

products 658,  656 

When  and  by  whom  was  the  miner's  safety  lamp  invented?. .  .669,  425 

Mention  five  leading  agricultural  products  of  the  United  States. 

Name  the  state  excelling  in  each 648-649 

What  kind  of  plow  was    invented  hi  1784?     When  and  by  whom 
were    the    following    invented:    grain    threshing-machine, 
"McCormick"  reaper,  sulky  plow,  grain-binder,  self-binding 
reaper,    rotary  disk   cultivator,   automatic    grain -binder, 
steam  plow,  electric  plow,  automobile  mower? 668-672 

Name  four  countries  of  Europe  in  which  making  sugar  from 

the  beet  is  an  important  industry 734-735 

What  is  meant  by  adulteration?  State  the  chief  objects  of 
adulteration.  In  what  manner  are  butter,  cheese,  milk,  lard, 
cocoa,  coffee,  spices,  honey,  and  vinegar  adulterated? 645 

In  what  century  and  where  was  paper  invented?     When  was 

the  first  paper  mill  built  in  America? 62,  668 

In  what  year  was  Hoe's  lightning  press  invented?    State  its 

speed.    Who  invented  the  linotype  machine? 670,  672 

Mention    the    principal    achievements    of    Johann    Gutenberg, 

Robert  Hoe,  Ottmar  Mergenthaler 441-465 

Of  what  is  printer's  type  made?    What  is  a  font?     In  English, 

which  letter  occurs  most  frequently? 678-679 

By  whom  was  the  first  steamboat  in  the  United  States  built? 
The  first  steam  road  wagon?  When  was  the  first  successful 
steamboat  built  in  Europe? 668,  88 

Name  the  builder  of  the  first  steamboat  to  navigate  the  Hudson. 
Of  the  first  to  make  a  trip  to  sea.  Name  the  first  sea-going 
ironclad  war  vessel.  The  first  steamship  to  cross  the 

Atlantic 668-670,  88 

140 


When  was  the  first  oil-burning  steamship  built?  The  first 

electric  locomotive?. 672 

What  keeps  a  locomotive  on  the  track?  What  kind  of  iron  is 

used  for  rails? 674 

Name  the  inventor  of  the  automatic  air  brake.  The  automatic 

car  coupler.  The  sleeping  car 671,  670 

Tell  something  of  the  following  men  and  their  inventions :  Denis 
Papin,  James  Watt,  Robert  Fulton,  George  Stephenson, 
John  Ericsson,  George  Westinghouse 431-500 

When  and  by  whom  was  the  cable  car  invented?  When  was  the 

first  standard  electric  railway  in  the  United  States  built? .  670,  672 

Name  the  inventor  of  the  lightning  conductor.  The  electric 

battery.  The  storage  battery 668,  671 

Who  invented  the  telegraph?  Give  date  of  first  message  sent. 

Where  was  the  first  commercial  telegraph  built? 670,  675 

Give  a  brief  description  of  the  apparatus  for  telegraphic  com- 
munication. What  system  of  telegraphy  is  most  exten- 
sively used? 675 

Name  the  inventor  of  the  wireless  telegraph.  Mention  three 

methods  of  wireless  telegraphy 675-676 

By  whom  and  when  was  the  telephone  invented?  Explain  its 

working.  Is  the  voice  carried  over  the  wire? 671,  676-677 

In, what  year  was  the  wireless  telephone  invented?  The  tung- 
sten electric  light? 672 

How  does  wireless  telegraphy  differ  from  wireless  telephony?. . . .      677 

What  are  broadcasting  stations?     What  purpose  do  they  serve? . .      677 

How  is  the  automatic  telephone  operated? 677 

In  what  year  -  was  the  first  trans-continental  telephone  line 

completed? 677 

When  and  where  was  the  first  telephone  exchange  erected  in  the 

United  States? 677 

Give  a  brief  account  of  the  lives  and  inventions  of  Marconi, 

Morse,  Tesla,  Volta 462-497 

Explain  the  telescope  and  its  use.  By  whom  were  the  first  telescopes 

made?  Name  two  of  the  largest  refractors  in  the  world. . .  677-678 

When  was  the  daguerreotype  invented?    Color  photography? .  .669,  672 

Name  four  kinds  of  clay  used  for  various  industrial  purposes. 

For  what  is  fire  clay  used?  Who  was  Bernard  Palissy? . .  655,  473 

What  improvement  did  Fahrenheit  make  in  the  thermometer? 
Name  an  invention  made  by  Torricelli.  When  and  in  what 
country  did  each  live? , 432V  668,  495 

What  invention  by  Daimler  led  to  the  development  of  the  motor 

car  or  automobile? c 651 

Ul 


Give  figures  showing  the  remarkable  growth  of  the  automobile 

industry  in  the  United  States.     How  many  motor  vehicles 

were  manufactured  in  1920?     For  how  many  did  the  industry 

provide  a  livelihood? 651-652 

Mention  noted  aeroplane  flights  made  in  Europe  and  America. 

What  is  the  hydro-aeroplane? 646,  672 

Give  some  facts  about  the  inventions  and  achievements  of  the 

Wright  brothers,  Sfantos-Dumont,  Glenn  H.  Curtiss .  .  .  424-504,  672 
When  and  by  whom  was  the  phonograph  invented?  The  kinet- 

oscope?  The  kinetophone? 671-672 

Give  brief  sketches  of  the  lives  of  Alexander  Graham  Bell  and 

Thomas  A.  Edison 405,  429 

Name  two  countries  in  which  canals  were  in  use  in  remote  times. 

Explain  the  workings  of  the  lock  system 652-653 

By  whom  were  friction  matches  invented?  Safety  matches? 

The -revolver?  Smokeless  gunpowder? 669-671 

For  what  line  of  invention  and  its  development  are  Colt,  Gatling, 

and  Krupp  noted? 421-454 

With  what  European  country  is  the  commerce  of  the  United 

States  greatest? 663 

Name  three  European  countries  whose  imports  exceed  their  exports .  664 
Compare  the  total  value  of  the  exports  of  the  United  States 

with  the  total  value  of  the  imports 664 

Name  some  metals  that  have  been  used  for  making  coins 656 

What  metal  is  commonly  used  as  an  alloy?  What  proportion 

of  alloy  is  used  in  the  United  States?  In  Great  Britain? . .  656 
State  the  value  of  the  franc  in  United  States  money.  Of  the 

mark.  Of  the  yen.  Of  the  pound  sterling 657 

State  the  value  in  United  States  money  of  a  peso  of  each  of  the 

following  countries:  Argentina,  Chile,  Mexico,  Uruguay.  . . .  657 
When  was  the  present  system  of  national  banks  established? 

State  the  minimum  capital  required  in  towns  of  different  sizes .  652 
How  many  federal  reserve  banks  are  there?  In  what  cities  are 

they  located? 652 

Give  the  provisions  of  the  currency  law  of  1913 652 

What  is  a  clearing  house? ^55 

Define  interest.  Why  is  interest  high  when  profits  are  high? 

What  is  the  legal  rate  of  interest  in  your  state? 665-666 

In  how  many  years  does  a  note  become  outlawed  in  your  state? 

A  judgment? 667 

Associate  each  of  the  following  with  some  branch  of  industrial 

or  commercial  life:  Henry  Clews,   Marshall  Field,  Henry 

C.  Frick,  James  J.  Hill,  J.  P.  Morgan,  Henry  Phipps 420-476 

142 


SCIENCE— EDUCATION— FINE  ARTS 

Define  science.     Distinguish  between  theoretical  and  practical 

science 722 

Name  six  abstract  sciences.  Of  what  does  each  treat?  Mention 

four  concrete  sciences 722-723 

To  what  does  mathematics  relate? 722 

What  is  meant  by  dynamics?  Statics?  The  law  of  continuity? 

Cosmogony? 710,  707,  708 

Name  nine  subjects  included  in  physics 723 

What  is  the  sun?  Tell  its  diameter,  its  density,  its  mass,  its 

inclination,  its  movement 725 

State  theories  of  the  constitution  of  the  sun,  the  nature  of  its 

envelopes  and  spots 725 

How  far  away  are  the  stars?  Classify  them 724-725 

What  are  constellations?  Name  five 707 

Tell  something  of  asteroids.  Aerolites.  Comets 687,  683,  706 

Mention  a  discovery  made  or  a  theory  advanced  by  Copernicus, 

Galileo,  Kepler,  Laplace,  Gauss,  Barnard 403-455 

Define  acoustics.  Upon  what  does  the  transmission  of  sound 

depend? 683 

State  the  difference  between  a  noise  and  a  musical  sound.  Upon 

what  does  the  pitch  of  a  tone  depend? 683 

Does  sound  travel  faster  through  air  or  through  water? 683 

How  fast  does  light  travel?  How  is  its  intensity  affected  by 

the  distance  of  the  luminous  object? 714-715 

Upon  what  does  the  color  of  an  object  depend?  Name  the 

primary  colors.  What  are  complementary  colors? 705 

Explain  the  process  of  color  photography 705 

What  is  contractile  force?  Why  is  a  tire  heated  before  it  is 

placed  on  a  wheel? 707 

Define  horse  power.  How  may  the  horse  power  of  an  engine 

be  determined? 713-714 

Explain  the  phenomena  of  capillary  action 689-690 

What  is  meant  by  convection?  Which  heats  more  quickly — 

gas  or  liquid?  Why  can  a  fire  be  built  on  the  ice? 708 

What  is  meant  by  correlation  of  physical  forces? 708 

Discuss  the  nature  of  electricity.  Define  conductor,  non-con- 
ductor, insulation.  Name  the  best  conductors 710,  706 

State  the  difference  between  a  motor  and  a  dynamo.  How 

may  a  dynamo  be  used  as  a  motor? 710-711 

143 


When  and  by  whom  was  the  electric  current  first  converted  into 

mechanical  motion? 669,  432 

Trace  the  course  of  the  electric  current  employed  in  running  a 
trolley  car.    When  and  by  whom  was  the  contact  device 

for  the  trolley  invented? 711,  672 

Tell  the  principle  of  the  incandescent  light.    The  arc  light 711-712 

By  whom  and  when  was  the  first  incandescent  lamp  invented? 

The  carbon  filament  for  the  electric  lamp? 669,  671 

Why  is  the  air  removed  from  the  bulb  of  the  incandescent  electric 

light? 711 

How  are  X-rays  obtained?    Name  the  discoverer 726,  672 

State  the  progress  along  scientific  lines  made  by  Galvani,  Ampere, 
Ohm,  Joseph  Henry,  Joule,  Faraday,  Sir  Wm.  Thomson, 

Sir  Wm.  Crookes,  Roentgen,  Elihu  Thomson 397-494 

What  is  distillation? 709 

What  three  discoveries  did  the  alchemists  seek?    Name  a  modern 

science  developed  largely  from  alchemy 684 

Define  chemistry.     What  are  compounds?     Elements?     What  is 

chemical  affinity? 692 

Name  and   explain   three   classes  of   chemical   changes.     Upon 

what  conditions  do  chemical  changes  depend? 692-693 

State  the  composition  of  water.     What  does  atomic  weight  mean? 

Give  the  atomic  weight  of  oxygen.     Of  hydrogen 693,  694 

Define  atom.     Explain  the  atomic  theory.     State  its  three  laws.     687 
Name  an  element  found  in  all  organic  bodies.     Name  five  carbon 
compounds.     What  is  the  purest  form  of  carbon?     State  its 

atomic  weight.     Its  specific  gravity 693,  690,  694 

Explain  the  process  of  combustion.     What  is  spontaneous  com- 
bustion?   How  does  it  usually  take  place? 705-706 

What  is  radium?    By  whom  was  it  discovered? 674 

Who  discovered  oxygen?     When?    What  is  ozone? 694,  719 

How  is  liquid  air  obtained?    How  is  it  used? 715 

What  are  acids?     Why  is  the  term  indefinite? 683 

Give  the  melting  point  of  aluminium,  iron,  carbon 694 

What  is  the  common  name  of  oxalic  acid?     Copper  sulphate? 

Calcium  oxide?     Sodium  chloride? 782 

Of  what  is  albumen  composed?     Name  one  abundant  form 684 

What  is  biology?     Name  its  divisions 723 

Of  what  does  the  skeleton  of  mammalia  consist? 724 

Name  and  describe  the  two  layers  of  which  the  skin  is  composed. 

State  its  functions 724 

Describe  the  process  of  respiration  in  man.    State  its  object. 

Describe  the  structure  of  the  lungs 722,  715 

144 


Of  what  does  blood  consist?  Describe  two  kinds  of  corpuscles  m 

the  blood  of  man 688-689 

Describe  the  chambers  of  the  heart.  Mention  the  valves. 

Name  the  movements  of  the  heart 713 

What  are  arteries?  Name  the  largest  artery.  Distinguish 
between  arterial  and  venous  blood.  Trace  the  course  of  the 
blood  through  the  circulation 686,  685,  696 

Name  the  digestive  organs.  Describe  the  process  of  digestion. 
-  What  is  the  alimentary  canal? 709,  684-685 

Of  what  does  the  nervous  system  consist?  Name  the  principal 
parts  of  the  brain.  Give  the  number  of  cranial  nerves.  Of 
spinal  nerves.  At  what  speed  is  nervous  energy  transmitted? 
Is  it  identical  with  electricity? 689 

When  was  ether  first  used  as  an  ansBSthetic?    Chloroform? 670 

Who  invented  the  ophthalmoscope?  The  pulmotor?  What  are 

they? 670,  444,  672 

Mention  some  diseases  caused  by  bacteria.  By  whom  and  when 
was  the  typhoid  bacillus  isolated?  Tuberculosis?  Diph- 
theria? Lockjaw? 730,  671-672 

For  what  scientific  progress  is  Berzelius  noted?  Lavoisier? 

Liebig?  Pasteur?  Dewar?  Tripler?  Harvey  W.  Wiley?. 406-501 

What  has  each  of  these  contributed  to  medical  progress  or  medical 
r  literature :  Galen,  Harvey,  Jenner,  Koch,  Osier,  Loeb,  Carrel? .  416-472 

Of  what  does  psychology  treat?  What  theories  have  been 

advanced  to  account  for  dreams? 723,  710 

Mention  some  of  the  writings  of  Lotze,  Wm.  James,  Royce, 

Baldwin,  Miinsterberg,  Meyer 402-483 

What  is  mechanical  engineering?    Electrical?    Marine? 712 

Tell  something  of  John  Rennie,  John  A.  Roebling,  John  Hays 

Hammond 442-481 

What  country  has  the  greatest  percentage  of  illiteracy? 714 

Which  country  expends  the  most  per  capita  for  higher  education?    788 

Mention  some  ancient  libraries.  Which  was  most  noted?  Name 

the  six  greatest  modern  libraries 714,  684 

Where  and  what  is  the  Smithsonian  institution?  Cooper  union? 

Carnegie  institution? 724,  708,  690 

Where  is  Amherst  college?    Brown?    Yale?    WeUesley? 698-704 

What  educational  work  was  accomplished  by  Pestalozzi?  Froebel? 

476,  435 

For  what  is  Charles  William  Eliot  noted?  Goldwin  Smith? 
David  Starr  Jordan?  Arthur  T.  Hadley?  Abbott  Law- 
rence Lowell? 430-488 

Mention  one  work  by  Phidias.    One  by  Praxiteles 476,  478 

145 


Name  some  works  of  the  following  sculptors:    Canova,  Thor- 

waldsen,  Crawford,  Harriet  Hosmer,  Rodin,  St.  Gaudens, 

French,  Borglum,  Niehaus,  Partridge 410-494 

What  influence  upon  art  was  exerted  by  Cimabue?  Giotto? 

Correggio? t . , 420-437 

For  what  was  Michael  Angelo  celebrated?  Da  Vinci?  Titian? 

Raphael?  Guido  Reni?  Bernini? 397-497 

Name  some  masterpieces  of  Rubens,  Van  Dyck,  Rembrandt, 

Murillo 469-496 

Characterize  the  work  of  Velasquez,  Ruysdaal,  Gainesborough, 

Reynolds,  Romney,  Turner,  Burne-Jones 413-496 

Tell  something  of  West,  Stuart,  TrumbuU 491-500 

Name  some  pictures  by  Sully,  Boughton,  Whistler,  Blashfield, 

Abbey,  Sargent 393-500 

For  what  is  Rosa  Bonheur  famous?  Corot?  Meissonier? 

Bouguereau?  Dore? 409-465 

Tell  something  of  the  work  of  Christy,  Davenport,  Fisher, 

Gibson,  Pennell,  Pyle,  Remington 419-480 

For  what  is  the  gallery  at  Dresden  famous?  At  Brussels?  The 

Berlin  museum?  The  Antwerp  cathedral? 510-529 

Who  first  reduced  music  to  system?  When  was  composition 

in  harmony  first  introduced? 718-719 

Tell  something  of  Handel,  Bach,  Haydn,  Mozart,  Cherubim, 

Beethoven,  Rossini  and  Mendelssohn 402-483 

For  what  is  Liszt  celebrated?  Dudley  Buck?  Paderewski? 

Richard  Strauss? 412-491 

Mention  one  composition  by  each:  Wagner,  Gounod,  Brahms, 

Balfe 402-497 

Tell  something  of  the  lives  of  Jenny  Lind,  Patti,  Nordica,  Melba, 

De  Gogorza,  Caruso,  Tetrazzini 416-494 

State  the  distinctive  features  of  Egyptian  architecture 511 

When  did  Greek  architecture  flourish?  Characterize  it 511-512 

Name  two  orders  of  Roman  architecture.  Three  of  Greek 512,  511 

Name  the  features  of  Byzantine  architecture.  Of  Saracenic...  512 
Who  originated  the  Gothic  style?  Name  its  essential  element. .  512 
Of  what  style  is  the  cathedral  at  Cologne?  The  mosque  of  St. 

Sophia?  Saint  Chapelle,  Paris? 526,  569,  554 

Describe  St.  Peter's  cathedral.  Name  its  style.  Its  architect .  571-572 
Describe  the  capitol  at  Washington.  State  the  style  of  the 

treasury  and  pension  buildings.     The  patent  office.     The 

congressional  library 578-579 

Tell  something  of  Sir  Christopher  Wren.  Of  Walter,  Pelz,  McKim, 

Carrdre,  and  Lewis  Nixon 416-503 

146 


NATURAL  HISTORY 

What  are  sponges?    Where  do  they  come  from? 766 

Where  are  barnacles  found?    What  are  they? 732 

Name  the  parts  of  a  lobster's  body.    Compare  the  lobster  and 

the  crab.     Where  are  the  crab's  teeth? 750,  742 

Describe   the   scorpion.     The   spider.    How   many   legs   has   a 

spider?    What  is  a  tarantula? 763,  766 

Explain  fully  the  structure  of  insects.     What  is  meant  by  meta- 
morphosis?      749 

What  are  mining  bees?    Carpenter  bees?    Honey  bees?    Where 

do  bumble  bees  lay  their  eggs? 734 

Describe  the  population  of  a  beehive.     How  is  it  governed? 
How   are   the   workers  distinguished?     Which  bees  hum? 

Which  sting? 734 

How  is  honey  made?    Bee  bread?    Wax?    Describe  the  develop- 
ment of  the  young  bee 734 

To  what  order  do  bees,  ants,  and  wasps  belong? 734 

Of  what  and  how  do  wasps  make  their  nests? 769 

Tell  something  of  the  habits  of  ants 729 

Describe   the   silkworm,   its  food,   and   its   cocoon.      To   what 

country  is  it  native? 765 

Give  the  life  history  of  a  butterfly 738 

How  are  moths  distinguished  from  butterflies? 753 

How  does  a  fly  walk  on  the  ceiling?     How  long  does  it  take  a 

fly  to  grow  up?    What  diseases  are  transferred  by  flies? 746 

Give  the  history  and  habits  of  the  boll-weevil 737 

Describe  a  land  snail.    Name  the  edible  snail.     Where  do  snails 

lay  then*  eggs?    What  is  conchology? 765,  706 

Describe  the  habitation  and  the  growth  of  the  oyster 755 

Describe  the  starfish.     Where  is  it  found? 766-767 

Briefly  describe  a  fish.     How  does  it  breathe?    What  is  its  chief 
organ   of    progression?   ,  Tell   something   of   the   fishes   in 

Mammoth  cave 745,  541 

Where  is  the  bony  pike  found?    Describe  it 737 

How  large  is  a  shark?    Mention  three  species.     Do  sharks  have 

teeth? , 764 

How  does  a  flying-fish  fly? 746 

In  what  water  does  the  salmon  live?    State  its  size.     Its  color. 

Describe  the  different  stages  of  its  life 763 

To  what  size  does  the  bass  grow?    The  bluefish? 732,  736 

147 


Describe  the  flounder.  The  porgy.  The  shad 746-764 

Mention  four  animals  classified  as  reptiles.  In  what  respects  are 

reptiles  and  birds  alike?  Why  are  reptiles  cold-blooded? . .  762 
Distinguish  between  turtles  and  tortoises.  Have  the  turtle's 

eggs  hard  or  soft  shells?  Where  are  they  laid? 769 

Where  are  the  boa-constrictor  and  the  python  found?  How  do 

they  secure  their  food? 737,  761 

Briefly  describe  the  crocodile.  Is  it  found  in  America?  Dis- 
tinguish between  the  crocodile  and  the  alligator 742-743,  729 

What  are  amphibia?  Name  three.  How  do  they  breathe? 685 

Name  two  animals  classed  as  anura.  Describe  the  develop- 
ment of  a  tadpole  into  a  frog 729 

Where  do  frogs  lay  their  eggs?  Describe  the  tree-frog's  feet. 

What  is  a  bullfrog? 747,  729,  738 

Distinguish  between  frogs  and  toads.  Have  they  teeth?  How 

do  toads  protect  themselves  from  their  enemies? 747,  768 

State  the  general  characteristics  of  birds.  Name  and  describe 

three  orders  of  birds 735-736 

Why  cannot  the  ostrich  fly?  What  is  the  rhea? 754 

State  the  use  of  the  pelican's  pouch 756 

Where  is  the  stork  found?  Describe  its  habits.  Where  does 

the  white  stork  build  its  nest? 767 

Give  the  common  name  for  the  buzzard.  The  scientific  name 

of  the  hen  hawk.  What  is  its  food? 738-739 

Describe  the  turkey  vulture,  or  turkey  buzzard.  State  its  size.  768 
To  what  family  does  the  eagle  belong?  Mention  four  species ....  744 
Where  is  the  condor  found?  State  its  appearance,  size,  habits. .  742 
Describe  the  partridge.  The  quail.  Give  their  family  name .  755,  761 
Name  five  birds  of  the  pheasant  family.  Describe  the  peacock. 

The  habits  of  the  true  pheasant 757,  756 

From  what  country  does  the  green  parrot  come?  The  parrakeet?  755 

On  what  do  owls  feed?  Woodpeckers? 754,  771 

Describe  the  nests  of  the  crow,  the  meadow  lark,  the  swallow, 

the  wren 743-771 

Of  what  value  to  the  farmer  are  the  meadow  lark  and  the  crow?. 752,  743 
Describe  the  coloring  of  the  bird  of  paradise,  the  blackbird,  the 

bluebird,  the  flamingo,  the  oriole 735-754 

Why  is  the  bower-bird  so  named?  To  what  country  is  it  native? .  737 

Give  an  account  of  the  platypus  and  its  mode  of  life 758 

Describe  the  kangaroo.  How  does  it  travel?  Where  does  it 

live?  How  does  the  opossum  carry  its  young? 749,  754 

From  what  part  of  the  whale  is  whalebone  obtained?  Compare 

the  mouth  of  a  whale  with  the  mouth  of  a  shark 769-770,  764 

148 


Is  the  porpoise  a  fish  or  a  mammal?  Describe  it 759 

What  is  the  manatee?  Where  is  it  found? 751 

Distinguish  between  the  African  and  the  Indian  elephant.  Which 

is  domesticated? 744 

Distinguish  between  the  eamel  and  the  dromedary.  To  whom 

is  the  camel  valuable? 739 

To  what  continent  is  the  camelopard  native?  Describe  it. .  739 
Describe  the  deer.  How  is  it  distinguished  from  other  rumi- 
nants? Where  are  deer  chiefly  found? 743 

Of  what  value  is  the  musk  deer? 753 

Compare  the  chamois  with  the  gazelle.  With  the  goat 741,  747 

Describe  the  Rocky  mountain  sheep.  What  part  of  the  world 

does  the  musk  ox  inhabit? 764-765,  753 

How  large  is  the  hippopotamus?  To  what  domestic  animal 

is  it  related? 748 

What  is  the  most  celebrated  breed  of  horses?  How  is  the  age 

of  a  horse  determined? 748-749 

What  are  carnivora?  Name  three  classes 690 

How  many  species  of  bear  are  found  in  North  America? 733 

For  what  are  the  raccoon  and  the  sable  prized? 761,  762 

Give  the  characteristics  of  the  dog  family.  Mention  two  species 

of  fox.  Of  wolf 744,  746,  770 

To  what  family  do  these  belong:  jaguar,  leopard,  lion,  lynx, 

puma,  tiger?  Which  are  found  in  America? 749-768 

Distinguish  between  the  seal  and  the  walrus 764,  769 

Where  is  the  beaver  found?  To  what  family  does  the  beaver 

belong?  The  guinea  pig?  The  squirrel? 733,  748,  766 

How  does  a  flying  squirrel  fly? 746 

In  what  part  of  America  is  the  porcupine  found?  Describe  it.  759 
On  what  food  do  bats  live?  Where  is  the  vampire-bat  found?.  733 
Distinguish  between  apes  and  monkeys.  Describe  the  Barbary 

ape,  the  orang-utan,  the  chimpanzee,  the  gorilla 729-754 

Define  bacteria.  Where  are  they  found?  Mention  five  forms ...  730 

Of  what  does  moss  consist?  Describe  its  fruit 752-753 

Where  do  ferns  grow  most  abundantly?  To  what  height? 

Define  cryptogamous,  acrogen,  frond,  rhizome,  circinate.  745 
Describe  the  structure  of  a  flower.  What  are  double  flowers? .  .  .  746 
State  the  uses  of  barley.  In  what  climates  does  it  grow? ....  732 

What  plants  grow  best  on  calcareous  clay? 855 

Describe  sugar  eane.  How  is  it  propagated? , 767 

Where  do  palms  grow?  Name  the  most  valuable  palms.  Describe 

the  cocoanut.    State  its  uses.    What  is  the  betel  nut?   From 

what  is  sago  obtained? 755,  741,  735,  762 

149 


Name  four  species  of  pine.     State  where  each  grows.     Name 

four  pine  products 757-758 

What  is  Brazilwood?    Redwood?    Mahogany? 737,  761,  751 

Tell  something  of  the  orange  tree.    How  productive  is  it?    Where 

is  it  cultivated?     To  what  country  is  the  lemon  native?. .  754,  750 

From  what  fruits  is  the  cultivated  apple  developed? 729-730 

What  country  is  the  home  of  the  peach? 756 

How  does  tea  grow?     How  is  it  prepared  for  market? 767 

Describe   the   pepper   plant.     Where   is   it   native?    State   the 

difference  between  black  pepper  and  white  pepper 756-757 

Relate  briefly  how  coffee  is  grown.  What  country  exports  the 
best  coffee?  Name  the  greatest  coffee  producing  country 

in  the  world 741-742 

Where  is  the  banana  cultivated?    How  tall  does  it  grow? 731 

Describe  the  breadfruit.     Where  does  it  grow? 738 

State  the  value  of  the  bean  as  an  article  of  food 733 

Of  how  many  layers  is  bark  composed?  What  is  cork?  Peru- 
vian bark? 731-732 

What  are  cloves?    From  what  are  they  obtained? 741 

How  tall  does  the  pineapple  plant  grow?    Name  two  localities 

in  which  it  is  extensively  cultivated 758 

Explain  how  cocoa  and  cocoa  butter  are  obtained 739 

What  is  manna? 751-752 

What  drug  is  made  from  the  poppy? 759 

Where  is  the  banyan  tree  found?    Describe  its  growth 731 

To  what  size  does  the  baobab  tree  grow?    Describe  its  flower 

and  fruit.     To  what  use  is  it  put  by  the  natives? 731 

Where  do  pearls  come  from?     What  is  mother-of-pearl? 760,  753 

For  what  is  the  diamond  remarkable?    What  is  the  value  of 

the  ruby? 760 

What  is  meant  by  saying  that  a  diamond  is  of  the  first  water?.     760 

What  color  is  the  sapphire? 760 

In  what  forms  does  salt  exist?    What  is  rock  salt?    Mention 

three  localities  producing  large  quantities  of  salt 763 

How  do  scientists  believe  petroleum  to  have  been  formed?  Where 

is  it  found  in  abundance?    Name  four  petroleum  products.     757 
Why  is  gold  valuable?     In  what  forms  is  it  found?     Describe 

the  process  known  as  placer  mining 747-748 

In   what   forms   does   silver   occur?    Mention   extensive   silver 

deposits  on  the  American  continent 765 

Tell  something  of  the  lives  and  the  work  of  the  following  natural- 
ists: Linna3us,  Audubon,  Darwin,  Gray,  Agassiz,  Romanes, 
Burbank,  Jordan,  Hornaday,  Bailey 394-482 

1JN 


MISCELLANY 

When  was  the  great  fire  in  Chicago?  Boston?  Baltimore? .  106,  517 
Tell  what  is  known  of  the  runes  used  by  the  early  nations  of 

northern  Europe 379 

What  is  the  Yule  clog?  Describe  its  attendant  festivities.  . .  387 

What  is  the  meaning  of  the  term  "Gordian  knot"? 360 

Outline  the  legend  of  the  wandering  Jew 364 

Who  first  used  the  arch  in  building  bridges? 778 

Name  three  noted  bridges  in  Great  Britain.  Five  in  the  United  '" 

States..  . 778-780 

State  the  main  characteristics  of  American  bridges 779 

What  does  St.  Patrick's  day  commemorate? 852 

Name  the  chief  old  English  holidays.  Give  the  date  of  Allhallow- 

een.  Of  Candlemas.  Of  St.  Valentine's  day 792,  780,  852 

Give  the  dates  of  the  principal  holidays  observed  in  the  United 

States 791-792 

In  what  states  is  arbor  day  a  legal  holiday?  Labor  day?  Jefferson 

Davis's  birthday?  Lincoln's  birthday?  Columbus  day? .  . .  791-792 

Give  the  history  of  Thanksgiving  day  in  the  United  States 852 

What  is  the  origin  of  the  term  "money"?  'Tin  money"?  "Red- 
letter  day"?  "Days  of  grace"? 829-837,  784 

Give  the  history  of  the  United  States  flag.  How  many  stars  has 

it?  How  many  stripes?  Why? 789,  110 

When  was  the  name  of  the  British  flag  changed  to  Union  Jack? 

Of  what  is  it  formed? 852 

To  whom  is  the  term  "Uncle  Sam"  applied?  "John  Bull"? 

"Brother  Jonathan"?  Give  the  origin 852,  794,  780 

Give  the  names  of  some  noted  historic  giants.  Of  five  dwarfs .  790,  786 

Tell  the  story  of  the  Kilkenny  cats 364 

State  the  number  of  degrees  conferred  in  Freemasonry 789 

Give  the  weight  of  a  carat.  Who  owns  the  largest  cut  diamonds 

in  \Bxistence? 861,  785 

Describe  various  methods  of  burial  among  ancient  peoples.  ...  780 
What  is  the  color  of  mourning  in  China?  In  Turkey?  Egypt? 

Europe? 796 

Where  is  the  hall  of  fame?  State  its  object.  How  often  are 

new  names  added? 790-791 

WTiat  is  the  origin  of  the  word  "news"? 831 

Explain  the  origin  and  the  meaning  of  "Hobson's  choice" 791 

Where  did  the  term  "dark  horse"  originate? 784 


Give  the  location  and  the  height  of  the  following:  Eiffel  tower, 
Woolworth  building,  Washington  monument,  pyramid  of 

Cheops 783 

State  the  origin  of  the  dollar  mark 785 

Give  the  origin  of  the  pawnbroker's  sign 849 

What  is  camouflage?    What  are  camoufleurs? 780 

Where  did  the  Christmas  tree  originate?  What  was  its  signifi- 
cance before  the  Christian  era? 782 

Give  the  earliest  and  the  latest  date  on  which  Easter  may  occur. 

How  is  the  date  determined? 792 

What  is  the  origin  of  the  belief  in  the  Easter  rabbit? 792 

How  many  states  have  adopted  the  goldenrod  as    the    state 

flower?    What  is  the  flower  of  your  state? 852 

Give  the  popular  name  of  each  of  the  following  states:    New 

York,  Maine,  California,  Georgia,  Michigan,  Texas 850-851 

The  people  of  what  state  are  called  Rovers?     Creoles?     Tar 

heels?     Wolverines?     Badgers? 850-851 

Give  the  popular  name  of  your  state.    Of  its  people 850-851 

Where  is  the  Blarney  stone?    What  is  the  popular  superstition 

in  regard  to  it? 777 

How  many  persons  out  of  100,000  reach  the  age  of  100  years? 
What  percentage  of  the  population  dies  before  the  age  of 

seven? 795 

To  what  extent  has  Esperanto  been  adopted?  State  its  principle. 
What  so-called  universal  language  was  invented  in  1879? 

788-789,  386 

What  is  the  legal  weight  in  your  state  of  a  bushel  of  apples? 

Of  wheat?    Of  onions?    Of  cotton  seed?    Of  coal? 862 

Where  did  the  duel  originate?    Tell  something  of  the  practice.  785-786 

What  part  of  the  country  is  popularly  known  as  Dixie? 785 

Give  the  origin  and  the  meaning  of  "catching  a  Tartar" 781 

Name  some  trades  classed  as  dangerous  by  the  British  parlia- 
ment. Why? 783-784 

How  large  is  the  dome  of  the  capitol  at  Washington?    Where 

is  the  largest  dome  in  the  world? 785 

In  what  respects  do  gypsies  differ  from  the  people  among  whom 

they  live?   When  did  they  first  appear  in  Europe? 790 

Tell  something  of  the  Ku-Klux-Klan 794 

Give  the  origin  of  the  Red  Cross  societies.    When  and  by  whom 

was  the  American  Red  Cross  society  organized? 849,  404 

By  whom  were  the  Nobel  prizes  founded?  For  what  are  they 
awarded  and  by  whom?  How  many  men  in  the  United 
States  have  received  Nobel  prizes? 849 

162 


What  is  a  ship's  log?    How  is  it  used? 794 

Why  is  the  barber's  pole  striped? 776-777 

Why  does  a  person  who  is  unable  to  write  mark  the  form  of  a  cross 

instead  of  his  name? i 849 

What  is  the  meaning  of  black  Friday?  Blue  Stocking?  Boy- 
cott? Bohemian? 777 

Explain  the  origin  and  the  meaning  of  the  following  words: 

Altoona,  Minnehaha,  Canada,  Nevada,  Philadelphia 799-834 

Name  some  books  suitable  for  children  under  six  years  of  age. ...     319 
What  is  the  origin  of  Santa  Glaus?    Give  the  name  of  the  Dutch 

Santa  Glaus 380,  379 

State  the  meaning  of  "Tom,  Dick,  and  Harry".    Of  "Popinjay". 

384,  376 

Explain  the  origin  of  the  loving  cup 368 

From   what   great   philosopher   does   Platonic   love   receive  its 

name?    What  is  it? 376 

Tell  the  story  of  Cinderella 350 

What  was  the  cost  of  the  capitol  at  Washington?    Of  St.  Peter's 

cathedral  at  Rome? 578,  572 

Where  is  the  green  sea?     Why  is  it  so  called? 817 

What  is  the  Bayeux  tapestry?    Where  is  it? 802 

Describe  the  situation  of  Monte  Carlo.   For  what  is  it  famous?. . .     545 
What  incident  is  connected  with  the  "black  hole  of  Calcutta"?    777 
In  what  sort  of  tales  do  the  following  characters  occur:    Jack 
Homer,    Hop-o'-my-Thumb,    Old   Mother    Hubbard,    Jack 

the  Giant-killer,  Jack  and  the  Bean-stalk? 362,  364 

What  and  where  are  Cleopatra's  needles? 809 

Give  the  origin  of  the  following  names:  Matterhorn,  Mont  Blanc, 

Spuyten  Duyvil 828-842 

For  what  are  the  swords  of  Damascus  famed? 660 

Name  the  "Seven  Bibles" 381 

Give  one  version  of  the  story  of  the  seven  sleepers 381 

Of  what  countries  is  "God  Save  the  King"  the  national  anthem?    360 

Name  the  seven  wonders  of  the  world 849 

How  many  pounds  equal  a  cubic  foot  of  anthracite  coal?    Of 

bituminous  coal? 860 

How  many  cubic  inches  in  a  bushel  stricken  measure?     Heap 

measure?   What  products  are  measured  by  heap  measure? . .     860 
What  is  the  difference  in  feet  between  a  statute  mile  and  a  nau- 
tical mile? , , 861 

When  was  the  parcel  post  established  in  the  United  States?  What 
do  the  postal  zones  represent?  Give  the  limits  in  size  and 
weight  for  mailable  parcels.  State  fee  for  insurance 848 

153 


How  many  cords  in  a  pile  of  wood  28  ft.  long,  6  ft.  wide,  7  ft. 

high? 860 

What  is  percentage? 853 

This  year's  income  is  $900,  which  is  123^%  more  than  last  year's 

income.  What  was  last  year's  income? 853 

What  is  simple  interest?     Compound  interest?     Exact  interest?     853 

Find  the  interest  on  $600  for  3  years,  4  months,  10  days,  at  4%. 

What  is  the  amount? 853 

What  is  the  exact  interest  on  $360  for  90  days  at  5%? 854 

What  is  commercial  discount?     Bank  discount?     True  discount?     854 

A  note  for  $500  payable  in  2  months  is  discounted  by  a  bank. 
What  is  the  bank  discount  and  what  are  the  proceeds, 
money  being  worth  5%? 855 

A  man  bought  a  lot  for  $2,560  and  sold  it  at  a  gain  of  20%.  How 

much  did  he  gain?  What  was  the  selling  price? 855 

What  will  be  the  annual  income  from  investing  $3,427.50  in 

5%  stock,  purchased  at  57,  allowing  Y%%  brokerage? 857 

What  must  I  pay  for  5%  stock  that  my  investment  may  yield 

6%? 857 

A  merchant  insured  his  house  for  $1,500  at  Y^%  annual  premium. 

Find  the  premium .  .  .  '. 856 

Find  the  cost  of  digging  the  cellar  of  a  house  whose  length  is 
41  ft.  3  in.,  width  33  ft.,  depth  8  ft.,  the  cost  of  excavating 
being  50  cents  a  load 859 

Find  cost  of  plastering  a  room  16  ft.  long,  14%  ft.  wide,  and  10  ft. 
high  above  baseboard,  at  45  cents  a  sq.  yd.  The  room  has 
two  windows,  each  7  ft.  by  3  ft.,  and  two  doors,  each  8  ft. 
by  4^  ft 858 

How  many  strips  of  carpeting  1  yd.  wide  will  be  required  for  a 
room  18  ft.  long  by  15  ft.  wide  if  the  strips  are  laid  length- 
wise? How  many  yards  in  each  strip?  How  many  yards 
will  be  required  for  the  room?  What  will  be  the  cost  at 
$1.25  a  yard? 858 

How  many  cubic  feet  of  masonry  in  the  walls  of  a  cellar  30  ft.  long, 
20  ft.  wide,  outside  measurement,  the  walls  to  be  9  ft.  high 
and  18  in.  thick,  deducting  250  cubic  feet  for  openings? . .  859 

How  many  bushels  of  grain  will  a  bin  hold  that  is  6  ft.  long,  3^ 

ft.  wide  and  7  ft.  high? 860 

How  many  gallons  of  water  will  a  cistern  hold  that  is  5  ft.  in 

diameter  and  8  ft.  deep? 860 

How  many  feet  of  lumber  will  a  log  18  in.  in  diameter  at  the 

smaller  end  and  14  ft.  long  yield? 860 


INDEX 


Africa: 

Egypt,  History 11-12 

Egypt,  Literature, 81-85 

Geography, 129-130 

Government, 131-134 

America: 

Geography 116-122 

Government, 131-138 

History, 33-50 

Literature 109-114 

American  History, 33-50 

Canada 46-48 

Colonization, 34-37 

Mexico 48-49 

Revolution 37-39 

South  America, 49-50 

Union 39-45 

American  Literature, 109-114 

Ancient  History, 11-22 

Assyria 13 

Babylon, 13 

Chaldea 13 

China 12-13 

Egypt 11-12 

Greece, 15-18 

Hebrews 13-14 

Japan 12-13 

-  Persia 14-15 

Phenicia 14-15 

Rome, 18-22 

Arts,  Fine 143-146 

Asia* 

Geography 127-129 

Government, 131-134 

History, 12-15,  65-68 

Literature, 81-85 

Asiatic  Countries,  History, 65-68 

China 68 

Japan, 66-67 

Saracens, 65-66 

Assyria: 

History, 13 

Literature, 81-85 

Austria-Hungary : 

Government, 131-134 

History, 59 

Babylon: 

History, 13 

Literature, 81-85 

Belgium: 

Government, 131-134 

History, 63-64 

Canada: 

Geography 116-121 

Government, 131-134 

History, 46-48 

Capitals,  Use  of 70-71 


Chaldea: 

History, 13 

Literature, 81-85 

China: 

Government, 131-134 

History 12-13,  63 

Civics, 135-138 

Commerce, 139-142 

Continental  Europe,  History,. .  .51-64 

Denmark: 

Government, 131-134 

History 60 

Literature 90-93 

Education 143-146 

Egypt: 

History 11-12 

Literature, 81-85 

England: 

Canada, 46-48,  116-121 

Geography, 122-127 

Government 131-134 

History, 23-32 

Literature, 102-109 

English,  Higher, 77-80 

English  History 23-32 

Anglo-Saxon  Kings, 24 

Danish  Kings, 24 

Hanover,  House  of 30-32 

Lancaster,  House  of, 27 

Norman  Kings, 25 

Plantagenets, 25-26 

Roman  Period, 23 

Saxe-Coburg,  House  of, 32 

Saxon  Kings, 25 

Saxons,  Coming  of  the, 24 

Stuart,  House  of 28-30 

Tudor,  House  of, 27-28 

York,  House  of 27 

English  Literature 102-109 

Europe: 

Geography 122-127 

Government 131-134 

History 15-32,  51-64 

Literature, 85-109 

Europe,  Continental,  History, .  .51-64 

Austria-Hungary, 59 

Belgium 63-64 

Denmark, 60 

France, 54-57 

Germany, 57-59 

Greece, 64 

Holland 63-64 

Italy 51-52 

Norway, 60-61 

Portugal, 53-54 

Russia, 62-63 

Spain .53-64 


155 


Europe,  Continental,  History — Cont'd 

Sweden, 60-61 

Turkey 52-53 

France: 

Government 131-134 

History 54-57 

Literature, 95-97 

Geography, 115-130 

Africa, 129-130 

America,  North 116-121 

America,  South, 121-122 

Asia, 127-129 

Europe 122-127 

Germany: 

Government, 131-134 

History, 57-59 

Literature, 93-95 

Government 131-138 

Greece: 

Government, 131-134 

History 15-18,  64 

Literature, 85-88 

Hebrews,  The: 

History, 13-14 

Literature, 81-85 

History, 11-68 

American, 33-50 

Ancient, 11-22 

Asiatic  Countries, 65-68 

Continental  Europe, 51-64 

English 23-32 

History,  Natural, 147-150 

Holland: 

Government, 131-134 

History, 63-64 

Industry 139-142 

Invention, 139-142 

Italy: 

Government, 131-134 

History, 51-52 

Literature 97-99 

Japan: 

Government, 131-134 

History, 12-13,  66-67 

Literature, 102 

Language, 69-80 

Capitals, 70-71 

Higher  English 77-80 

Letter  Writing, 75-77 

Punctuation, 70-71 

Words,  Correct  Use  of, 71-75 

Letter  Writing, 75-77 

Literature 81-114 

American, 109-114 

English 102-109 

French, 95-97 

German 93-95 

Greek, 85-88 

Italian 97-99 

Japanese, 102 


Literature — Continued 

Latin, 88-90 

Oriental, 81-85 

Russian 100-102 

Scandinavian 90-93 

Spanish, 99-100 

Mexico: 

Geography, 116-121 

Government, 131-134 

History 48-49 

Miscellany 151-154 

Natural  History, 147-150 

North  America: 

Geography 116-121 

Government, 131-138 

History, 33-49 

Norway: 

Government, 131-134 

History 60-61 

Literature, 90-93 

Oriental  Literature, 81-85 

Persia: 

History 14-15 

Literature, 81-85 

Phenicia: 

History, 14-15 

Literature 81-85 

Portugal: 

Government 131-134 

History, 53-54 

Punctuation,  Use  of 70-71 

Roman  Literature, 88-90 

Rome,  History  of, 18-22 

Russia: 

Government 131-134 

History, 62-63 

Literature, 100-102 

Saracens,  History, 65-66 

Scandinavian  Literature, 90-93 

Science 143-146 

South  America: 

Geography 121-122 

Government, 131-134 

History, 40-50 

Spain: 

Government, 131-134 

History, 53-54 

Literature, 99-100 

Sweden: 

Government 131-134 

History, 60-61 

Literature, 90-93 

Turkey: 

Government 131-134 

History, 52-53 

United  States: 

Geography 116-121 

Government 131-138 

History 33-45 

Words,  Correct  Use  of 71-75 


156 


23849 


518028 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 


